Nuclear Energy Report Ed 2 2009

Table of Contents

1.0 Executive Summary

• Overview

2.0 Status of nuclear power

• Overview
• 2.1 Status of nuclear power
• 2.2 Highlights 2004 to 2007
• 2.3 Age of nuclear infrastructure
• 2.4 Future nuclear capacity
• 2.5 Countries considering nuclear power
  • 2.5.1 Italy
  • 2.5.2 Portugal
  • 2.5.3 Poland
  • 2.5.4 Belarus
  • 2.5.5 Ireland
  • 2.5.6 Turkey
  • 2.5.7 Iran
  • 2.5.8 Gulf States
  • 2.5.9 Israel
  • 2.5.10 Syria
  • 2.5.11 Egypt
  • 2.5.12 Tunisia
  • 2.5.14 Morocco
  • 2.5.15 Namibia
  • 2.5.16 Georgia
  • 2.5.17 Kazakhstan
  • 2.5.18 Chile
  • 2.5.19 Venezuela
  • 2.5.20 Nigeria
  • 2.5.21 Bangladesh
  • 2.5.22 Indonesia
  • 2.5.23 Vietnam
  • 2.5.24 Thailand
  • 2.5.25 Malaysia
  • 2.5.26 Australia
  • 2.5.27 New Zealand

3.0 Statistics of nuclear energy and power

• Overview

4.0 Nuclear fuel cycle and supporting industries

• Overview
• 4.1 Front End
• 4.2 Back end

5.0 Nuclear technologies

• Overview
• 5.1 Generations of reactors
• 5.2 Basic principles of nuclear reaction
• 5.3 Types of reactor

6.0 Risk and safety issues and INES, International Nuclear Event Scale.

• Overview
• 6.1 INES, International Nuclear Event Scale

7.0 Non-power uses for nuclear energy

• Overview

8.0 Outline history of nuclear energy

• Overview

9.0 Uranium reserves and production

• Overview

10.0 Economics of Nuclear Power

• Overview

11.0 Nuclear power utilities

• Overview
• 11.1 The Americas
  • 11.1.1 Brazil
  • 11.1.2 USA
  • 11.1.3 Canada
  • 11.1.4 Mexico
• 11.2 Europe
  • 11.2.1 Belgium
  • 11.2.2 Bulgaria
  • 11.2.3 Czech Republic
  • 11.2.4 Hungary
  • 11.2.5 Finland
  • 11.2.6 France
  • 11.2.7 Germany
  • 11.2.8 Netherlands
  • 11.2.9 Romania
  • 11.2.10 Slovakia
  • 11.2.11 Slovenia
  • 11.2.12 Spain
  • 11.2.13 Sweden
  • 11.2.14 Switzerland
  • 11.2.15 United Kingdom
• 11.3 CIS
  • 11.3.1 Russia
  • 11.3.2 Ukraine
  • 11.4 Asia
  • 11.4.1 China
  • 11.4.2 India
  • 11.4.3 Japan
  • 11.4.4 South Korea
  • 11.4.5 Taiwan
• 11.5 Africa
  • 11.5.1 South Africa

12.0 Nuclear power manufacturing companies, the global leaders

• Overview

13.0 International nuclear associations and organisations

• Overview

14.0 Country profiles

• Overview
• 14.1 North America
  • Overview
  • 14.1.1 Canada
  • 14.1.2 United States of America
• 14.2 Europe
  • 14.2.1 Belgium
  • 14.2.2 Bulgaria
  • 14.2.3 Czech Republic
  • 14.2.4 Finland
  • 14.2.5 France
  • 14.2.6 Germany
  • 14.2.7 Hungary
  • 14.2.8 Italy
  • 14.2.9 Lithuania
  • 14.2.10 Netherlands
  • 14.2.11 Romania
  • 14.2.12 Slovakia
  • 14.2.13 Slovenia
  • 14.2.14 Spain
  • 14.2.15 Sweden
  • 14.2.16 Switzerland
  • 14.2.17 Turkey
  • 14.2.18 United Kingdom
• 14.3 CIS
  • 14.3.1 Armenia
  • 14.3.2 Kazakhstan
  • 14.3.3 Russia
  • 14.3.4 Ukraine
• 14.4 Asia
  • 14.4.1 China
  • 14.4.2 India
  • 14.4.3 Indonesia
  • 14.4.4 Japan
  • 14.4.5 Korea
  • 14.4.6 Pakistan
  • 14.4.7 Taiwan
  • 14.4.8 Vietnam
• 14.5 South America
  • 14.5.1 Brazil

Table of Tables

• Table 2.1: Status of commercial nuclear power plants, December 2007
• Table 2.2: Future Nuclear Generating Capacity by Country, MW, 2000 to 2020.
• Table 4.1: Nuclear fuel cycle facilities, 2006
• Table 4.2: Nuclear fuel cycle facilities by country, 2006
• Table 5.1: Summary of reactor types
• Table 5.2: Nuclear power plants in commercial operation by type, 2007
• Table 6.1: Detailed criteria defining the levels of the International Nuclear Event Scale (INES)
• Table 9.1: Primary uranium producers, 2005
• Table 10.1: Cost of Nuclear Generation, US�‘/kWh with 40 year life and 85% Capacity Factor
• Table 10.2: Proportions of Electricity Generating Cost
• Table 10.3: Cost in US£/kWh for Generation by Nuclear, Coal, Gas, 25 and 40 year Life Assumptions
• Table 14.1: Status of nuclear power plants in Canada
• Table 14.2: Status of the nuclear power plants of the US
• Table 14.3: Table of operators, US
• Table 14.4: Nuclear steam supply systems, US
• Table 14.5: Nuclear power plants in Belgium
• Table 14.6: History Timeline of nuclear power in Belgium
• Table 14.7: Main nuclear organisations, Belgium
• Table 14.8: Status of Nuclear Power Plants, Czech Republic
• Table 14.9: Government Structure for Energy Policy, Czech Republic
• Table 14.10: Nuclear Power Plants in Finland
• Table 14.11: Status of Nuclear Power Plants in France
• Table 14.12: Status of Nuclear Power Plants in Germany
• Table 14.13: Shutdown programme for nuclear power plants in Germany
• Table 14.14: Status of Nuclear Power Plants in Hungary
• Table 14.15: Status of Nuclear Power Plants in Italy
• Table 14.16: Status of Nuclear Power Plants in Lithuania
• Table 14.17: Status of Nuclear Power Plants in the Netherlands
• Table 14.18: Status of nuclear power plants in Romania
• Table 14.19: Status of nuclear power plants in Slovakia
• Table 14.20: Status of nuclear power plants in Slovenia
• Table 14.21: Status of Nuclear Power Plants in Spain
• Table 14.22: Status of Nuclear Power Plants in Sweden
• Table 14.23: Status and Trends of Nuclear Power Plants in Switzerland
• Table 14.24: Status of nuclear power plants in the UK
• Table 14.25: Ownership of nuclear power stations
• Table 14.26: Nuclear power plants in Armenia
• Table 14.27: Research reactors, Kazakhstan
• Table 14.28: Nuclear power plants in Russia, 2005
• Table 14.29: History Timeline of nuclear power in Russia
• Table 14.30: Status of nuclear power plants in Ukraine
• Table 14.31: Description of nuclear power projects in China
• Table 14.32: Status of nuclear power plants in India
• Table 14.33: Status of nuclear power plants in Japan
• Table 14.34: Status of nuclear power plants in Korea
• Table 14.35: Nuclear power plants in Pakistan, 2005
• Table 14.36: Status of nuclear power plants in Taiwan
• Table 14.37: Status of nuclear power plants in Brazil
• Table 14.38: Nuclebras Subsidiaries
• Table 14.39: Figure: Structure of the Nuclear Industry in Brazil

Table of Figures

• Figure 2.1: Operational reactors by country, December 2007
• Figure 2.2: Reactors under construction by country, December 2007
• Figure 2.3: Reactors shut down by country, December 2007
• Figure 2.4: Number of nuclear power reactors in operation by age in January 2008
• Figure 2.5: Future Nuclear Generating Capacity by Region, MW, 2000 to 2020.
• Figure 3.1: Total primary energy consumption, Mtoe, 1965 - 2006
• Figure 3.2: Nuclear power consumption: TWh, 1965 to 2006
• Figure 3.3: Consumption of nuclear power by country, TWh, 1965 to 2006
• Figure 3.4: Nuclear power plants around the world
• Figure 3.5: Nuclear energy as % of total energy consumption (2006/2005) and % of total electricity (2007/2006)
• Figure 3.6: Average load factor of world nuclear power plants
• Figure 4.1: Tonnes of spent fuel arising and disposal/reprocessing
• Figure 4.2: Tonnes of spent fuel arising by region, 1990 to 2020
• Figure 4.3: Sellafield Reprocessing Plant, UK
• Figure 5.1: Pressurised Water Reactor (PWR)
• Figure 5.2: Boiling Water Reactor (BWR)
• Figure 5.3: Advanced Gas-cooled Reactor (AGR)
• Figure 6.1: INES, International Nuclear Event Scale
• Figure 9.1: Long-term contract and spot prices US$ per lb U3O8
• Figure 10.1: Cost of Generating Electricity with Zero Carbon Allowance
• Figure 10.2: Cost of Generating Electricity with CO2 at a Notional Cost of £30 per t
• Figure 10.3: Capital Expenditure in Total Cost of Generating Electricity for Different Energy.
• Figure 10.4: Effect on Generating Cost of a �} ' 20% Change in Fuel Price (Zero Carbon Cost)
• Figure 14.1: Primary energy consumption by energy source, 2006, Mtoe
• Figure 14.2: Generating capacity by energy source, 1990 - 2008, MW
• Figure 14.3: Geographical location of Canadian nuclear power plants, 2005
• Figure 14.4: Load factors Canada
• Figure 14.5: Structure of the Canadian nuclear industry
• Figure 14.6: Primary energy consumption by energy source, 2006, Mtoe
• Figure 14.7: Generating capacity by energy source, 1990 - 2008, MW
• Figure 14.8: Location of nuclear power plants in the US, 2007
• Figure 14.9: Load factors in the US
• Figure 14.10: Structure of the US nuclear sector
• Figure 14.11: Nuclear power plants in Europe
• Figure 14.12: Primary energy consumption by energy source, 2006, Mtoe
• Figure 14.13: Generating capacity by energy source, 1990 - 2008, MW
• Figure 14.14: Load factors in Belgium
• Figure 14.15: Locations of nuclear sites in Belgium
• Figure 14.16 Primary energy consumption by energy source, 2006, Mtoe
• Figure 14.17: Generating capacity by energy source, 1990 - 2008, MW
• Figure 14.18 Primary energy consumption by energy source, 2006, Mtoe
• Figure 14.19: Generating capacity by energy source, 1990 - 2008, MW
• Figure 14.20: Load factors, Czech Republic
• Figure 14.21 Primary energy consumption by energy source, 2006, Mtoe
• Figure 14.22: Generating capacity by energy source, 1990 - 2008, MW
• Figure 14.23: Load factors in Finland
• Figure 14.24 Primary energy consumption by energy source, 2006, Mtoe
• Figure 14.25: Generating capacity by energy source, 1990 - 2008, MW
• Figure 14.26: Load factors in France
• Figure 14.27 Nuclear power plants in France
• Figure 14.28: Primary energy consumption by energy source, 2006, Mtoe
• Figure 14.29: Generating capacity by energy source, 1990 - 2008, MW
• Figure 14.30: Load factors in Germany
• Figure 14.31: Participants in the Nuclear Licensing procedure for NPPs, Germany
• Figure 14.32: Primary energy consumption by energy source, 2006, Mtoe
• Figure 14.33: Generating capacity by energy source, 1990 - 2008, MW
• Figure 14.34: Load factors in Hungary
• Figure 14.35: Primary energy consumption by energy source, 2006, Mtoe
• Figure 14.36: Generating capacity by energy source, 1990 - 2008, MW
• Figure 14.37: Primary energy consumption by energy source, 2006, Mtoe
• Figure 14.38: Generating capacity by energy source, 1990 - 2008, MW
• Figure 14.39: Primary energy consumption by energy source, 2006, Mtoe
• Figure 14.40: Generating capacity by energy source, 1990 - 2008, MW
• Figure 14.41: Primary energy consumption by energy source, 2006, Mtoe
• Figure 14.42: Generating capacity by energy source, 1990 - 2008, MW
• Figure 14.43: Load factors in Romania
• Figure 14.44: Primary energy consumption by energy source, 2006, Mtoe
• Figure 14.45: Generating capacity by energy source, 1990 - 2008, MW
• Figure 14.46: Generating capacity by energy source, 1990 - 2008, MW
• Figure 14.47: Load factors in Slovenia
• Figure 14.48: Primary energy consumption by energy source, 2006, Mtoe
• Figure 14.49: Generating capacity by energy source, 1990 - 2008, MW
• Figure 14.50: Load factors in Spain
• Figure 14.51: Location of Spanish NPPs
• Figure 14.52: Primary energy consumption by energy source, 2006, Mtoe
• Figure 14.53: Generating capacity by energy source, 1990 - 2008, MW
• Figure 14.54: Load factors in Sweden
• Figure 14.55: Primary energy consumption by energy source, 2006, Mtoe
• Figure 14.56: Generating capacity by energy source, 1990 - 2008, MW
• Figure 14.57: Load factors in Switzerland
• Figure 14.58 Primary energy consumption by energy source, 2006, Mtoe
• Figure 14.59: Generating capacity by energy source, 1990 - 2008, MW
• Figure 14.60: Load factors in the UK
• Figure 14.61: Nuclear power plants in the United Kingdom 2007
• Figure 14.62: Generating capacity by energy source, 1990 - 2008, MW
• Figure 14.63: Load factors in Armenia
• Figure 14.64: Primary energy consumption by energy source, 2006, Mtoe
• Figure 14.65: Primary energy consumption by energy source, 2006, Mtoe
• Figure 14.66: Generating capacity by energy source, 1990 - 2008, MW
• Figure 14.67: Load factors in Russia
• Figure 14.68: Status of nuclear power plants
• Figure 14.69: Primary energy consumption by energy source, 2006, Mtoe
• Figure 14.70: Generating capacity by energy source, 1990 - 2008, MW
• Figure 14.71: Load factors in Ukraine
• Figure 14.72: Primary energy consumption by energy source, 2006, Mtoe
• Figure 14.73: Generating capacity by energy source, 1990 - 2008, MW
• Figure 14.74: Load factors in China
• Figure 14.75: Primary energy consumption by energy source, 2006, Mtoe
• Figure 14.76: Load factors in India
• Figure 14.77: Primary energy consumption by energy source, 2006, Mtoe
• Figure 14.78: Primary energy consumption by energy source, 2006, Mtoe
• Figure 14.79: Generating capacity by energy source, 1990 - 2008, MW
• Figure 14.80: Primary energy consumption by energy source, 2006, Mtoe
• Figure 14.81: Generating capacity by energy source, 1990 - 2008, MW
• Figure 14.82: Load factors in South Korea
• Figure 14.83: Primary energy consumption by energy source, 2006, Mtoe
• Figure 14.84: Generating capacity by energy source, 1990 - 2008, MW
• Figure 14.85: Load factors in Pakistan
• Figure 14.86: Primary energy consumption by energy source, 2006, Mtoe
• Figure 14.87: Generating capacity by energy source, 1990 - 2008, MW
• Figure 14.88: Primary energy consumption by energy source, 2006, Mtoe
• Figure 14.89: Generating capacity by energy source, 1990 - 2008, MW
• Figure 14.90: Load factors in Brazil