Global Engine Trends

• The author

Introduction - the internal combustion engine, past and present

• Basic principles
• Efficiency
• Minimising losses

Chapter 1: Fuels, emissions and consumer trends

• 1.1 Liquid fuels predominate
• 1.2 Carbon emissions and man-made climate change
• 1.3 Global legislation and standards on emissions regulation
• 1.4 Current and planned regulation
• 1.5 CO2 limitations
• 1.6 Consumer trends in engine buying

Chapter 2: Current and future SI technologies

• 2.1 Petrol (SI) basics
• 2.2 Engine construction
  • 2.2.1 Cylinder head
  • 2.2.2 Cylinder block
  • 2.2.3 Bottom end and rotating assembly
  • 2.2.4 Valve gear
    • 2.2.4.1 Valve operation
    • 2.2.4.2 Variable valve timing and lift
    • 2.2.4.3 The camless engine
  • 2.2.5 Induction and fuel system
    • 2.2.5.1 Basic principles of mixture formation
    • 2.2.5.2 Lean burn
    • 2.2.5.3 Gasoline direct injection
  • 2.2.6 Ignition system
  • 2.2.7 Cold starting
  • 2.2.8 Pressure charging
  • 2.2.9 Engine management and emission control
    • 2.2.9.1 Control technologies
    • 2.2.9.2 Exhaust aftertreatment

Chapter 3: Current and future Diesel (CI) technologies

• 3.1 Engine construction
  • 3.1.1 Cylinder head
  • 3.1.2 Cylinder block
  • 3.1.3 Bottom end
• 3.2 Induction and fuel system
  • 3.2.1 Diesel differences
  • 3.2.2 Turbodiesel advantages
  • 3.2.3 Alternatives to the turbocharger?
  • 3.2.4 Fuel injection: common rail and unit injectors
  • 3.2.5 Injector principles - conventional and piezo
  • 3.2.6 Engine management and emission control
    • 3.2.6.1 Control technologies
    • 3.2.6.2 Exhaust aftertreatment
• 3.3 The HCCI principle

Chapter 4: Hybrid IC powertrain technology

• 4.1 Hybrid principles
• 4.2 Petrol-electric hybrid
  • 4.2.1 Atkinson and Miller cycle engines
• 4.3 Electric motors, batteries and supercapacitors
• 4.4 Diesel-electric hybrids
• 4.5 Hybrid drive management

Chapter 5: Beyond the internal combustion engine

• 5.1 Possible alternatives
• 5.2 Fuel cells
  • 5.2.1 The fuel cell ‘engine'
• 5.3 Other technologies

Postscript: In the year 2025......

Glossary

• Figure 1: Lamborghini Gallardo LP560 V10
• Figure 2: Mercedes-Benz SLK 350 Sportmotor V6
• Figure 3: BMW M6 V10 engine