Table of Contents
- INTRODUCTION
- STUDY GOALS AND OBJECTIVES
- REPORT HIGHLIGHTS
- REASONS FOR DOING THE STUDY
- CONTRIBUTION OF THE STUDY AND FOR WHOM
- SCOPE AND FORMAT
- METHODOLOGY AND INFORMATION SOURCES
- ANALYST' S CREDENTIALS
- RELATED BCC RESEARCH EFFORTS
- BCC ONLINE SERVICES
- DISCLAIMER
- SUMMARY
- SUMMARY TABLE GLOBAL MARKET FORECAST FOR CATALYST REGENERATION BY SITE
TECHNOLOGY, THROUGH 2010 ($ MILLIONS)
- SUMMARY FIGURE GLOBAL MARKET FORECAST FOR CATALYST REGENERATION BY SITE
TECHNOLOGY, 2002-2010 ($ MILLIONS)
- OVERVIEW
- INTRODUCTION
- REGENERATED CATALYST DEMAND
- FRESH CATALYST DEMAND
- TABLE 1 GLOBAL MARKET FORECAST DEMAND FOR CATALYSTS, THROUGH 2010 ($ MILLIONS)
- OVERVIEW OF REGENERATED CATALYST USE
- TABLE 2 GLOBAL MARKET FORECAST FOR REGENERATED CATALYSTS AS A
PERCENTAGE OF TOTAL CATALYST DEMAND, THROUGH 2010 (%)
- OVERVIEW OF FRESH AND REGENERATED CATALYSTS COSTS
- TABLE 3 COST OF FRESH AND REGENERATED CATALYSTS ($/LB) OVERVIEW OF
SPENT CATALYST USE OPTION
- TABLE 4 GLOBAL MARKET FORECAST FOR COST OF SPENT CATALYST USE BY
OPTION, THROUGH 2010 ($/LB)
- IMPORTANCE OF SPENT CATALYST REGENERATION AND MANAGEMENT SERVICES
- TABLE 5 OVERVIEW OF SERVICES VALUE IN CATALYST MANAGEMENT ACTIVITY
(%)
- OVERVIEW OF THE REGENERATED CATALYST CHARATERISTICS AND PROPERTIES
- TABLE 6 OVERVIEW OF REGENERATED CATALYST CHARACTERISTICS AND
PROPERTIES
- OVERVIEW OF COMMERCIAL REGENERATION TECHNOLOGIES ROTATING VESSEL
REGENERATION TECHNOLOGY
- FIGURE 1 ROTO-LOUVRE CATALYST REGENERATION TECHNOLOGY
- EBULLATED BED REGENERATION TECHNOLOGY
- FLUIDIZED BED REGENERATION TECHNOLOGY
- FIGURE 2 MOVING-BELT OVEN EX SITU CATALYST REGENERATION PROCESS
- In Situ Cleaning Technology
- FIGURE 3 SCR REGENERATION STRATEGIES
- SCR-TECH' S Catalyst Regeneration Development and Experience
- Step One
- Step Two
- Step Three
- FIGURE 4 SCR-TECH CATALYST REGENERATION DEVELOPMENT, 1996-2004
- FIGURE 5 SCR-TECH REGENERATION EXPERIENCE
- AQUACAT TECHNOLOGY
- PROCESSING COSTS
- OVERVIEW OF SPENT CATALYST EVALUATION
- TABLE 7 PREBURNING IMPROVES SAMPLING ACCURACY
- LABORATORY EVALUATION
- INDUSTRIAL REGENERATION PROCESS
- TABLE 8 TYPICAL CATALYST DATA REPORT
- WHERE CATALYST REGENERATION FITS IN THE GLOBAL ECONOMY
- ENERGY
- CHEMICALS AND PETROCHEMICALS
- Chemicals and Petrochemicals (Continued)
- ENVIRONMENT
- TABLE 9 GLOBAL MARKET FORECAST OVERVIEW OF REGENERATED CATALYST DEMAND
BY ECONOMIC SECTOR, THROUGH 2010 ($ MILLIONS)
- OVERVIEW OF GLOBAL ENERGY DEMAND BY FUEL TYPE PETROLEUM
- LNG TRADE
- NATURAL GAS
- NUCLEAR
- COAL
- RENEWABLES
- TABLE 10 GLOBAL MARKET FORECAST OF ENERGY CONSUMPTION BY FUEL TYPE,
THROUGH 2010 (QUADRILLION BTU PER YEAR)
- IMPORTANT ECONOMIC INDICATIONS FOR WORLD TRADE
- RISKS
- TABLE 11 OVERVIEW OF WORLD KEY ECONOMIC INDICATORS, 2002-2010 (%
GROWTH)
- GLOBAL ECONOMY OVERVIEW
- Damage from Hurricanes Katrina and Rita and Earthquake Likely to
Reverberate Across the Global Economy Well Into 2006
- Impact of Soaring Energy Prices
- TABLE 12 OVERVIEW OF WORLDWIDE GDP AND GDP GROWTH
- OVERVIEW OF INTERNATIONAL CURRENCY EXCHANGE RATES
- TABLE 13 OVERVIEW OF INTERNATIONAL CURRENCY EXCHANGE RATES, THROUGH
2005
- OVERVIEW OF THE METAL MARKET
- TABLE 14 OVERVIEW OF NICKEL AND STEEL METAL PRICES (INDEX: JANUARY
1998 = 1.0)
- COPPER
- COBALT
- ZINC
- TIN
- CHROMIUM
- MOLYBDENUM
- TABLE 15 ALUMINUM, COBALT, COPPER, ZINC, TIN, CHROMIUM AND MOLYBDENUM
METAL PRICE FORECASTS*, THROUGH 2005 (¢⁄LB)
- PLATINUM GROUP METALS
- PLATINUM
- PALLADIUM
- RUTHENIUM
- RHODIUM
- IRIDIUM
- TABLE 16 PLATINUM GROUP METAL PRICE FORECASTS, THROUGH 2005 ($/OZ)
- FIGURE 6 RHENIUM METAL PRICES
- OVERVIEW OF INORGANIC CHEMICAL COSTS
- TABLE 17 OPERATING COST INDEX FOR HF AND H2SO4, THROUGH 2005 (BASED ON
1956 = 100.0)
- RARE EARTHS AND MAGNESIUM COMPOUNDS AND CHEMICALS
- RARE EARTHS AND YTTRIUM
- MAGNESIUM, MAGNESIUM COMPOUNDS AND CHEMICALS
- TABLE 18 COST OF RARE EARTHS AND MAGNESIUM, THROUGH 2005
- OVERVIEW OF SPENT CATALYST COMPOSITIONS
- OVERVIEW OF SPENT CATALYST .... (CONTINUED)
- TABLE 19 COMPARISON OF SPENT CATALYSTS FROM VARIOUS SOURCES (% W/W)
- OVERVIEW OF CATALYST ACTIVITY DETERIORATION AND REGENERABILITY
- PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- BULK CHEMICAL PROPERTIES
- SURFACE CHEMICAL PROPERTIES
- FIGURE 7 AGEING-INDUCED STRUCTURAL AND CHEMICAL CHANGES IN AUTOMOTIVE
EXHAUST CATALYST
- OVERVIEW OF THE SIGNIFICANCE OF CATALYST PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- TABLE 20 SIGNIFICANCE OF CATALYST PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- OVERVIEW OF THE CAUSE AND EFFECT OF CATALYST ACTIVITY DETERIORATION
- TABLE 21 OVERVIEW OF THE CAUSE AND EFFECT OF CATALYST ACTIVITY
DETERIORATION
- CATALYST REGENERATION: ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES
- PROCESS DESCRIPTION
- CATALYST LIFETIME
- Chemical Processing Industry
- INFORMATION
- TABLE 22 CATALYST REGENATION: ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES
- TABLE 22 (CONTINUED)
- OVERVIEW OF FUEL SULFUR LIMITS IN SELECTED COUNTRIES
- TABLE 23 SULFUR LIMITS IN SELECT COUNTRIES (PARTS PER MILLION)
- IMPACT OF SULFUR ON DIESEL ON CATALYST TECHNOLOGIES
- FIGURE 8 QUARTELY FOREIGN GROSS REFINING MARGINS, 2002-2005
- New Fuel Rules a “Headache”
- TABLE 24 THE EVOLUTION OF AUTO EMISSION STANDARDS IN THE U.S. (GRAMS
POLLUTANT PER MILE)
- OVERVIEW OF REGENERATED CATALYST DEMAND BY MARKET SEGMENT
- TABLE 25 GLOBAL MARKET FORECAST FOR REGENERATED CATALYST REGION/MARKET
BY SEGMENT, THROUGH 2010 ($ MILLIONS)
- OVERVIEW OF REGENERATED CATALYST USE PRODUCT MATRIX
- TABLE 26 SECTOR/PRODUCT MATRIX
- HISTORY OF THE CATALYST REGENERATION BUSINESS
- HISTORY OF THE CATALYST ....(CONTINUED)
- SOME IMPORTANT DEVELOPMENTS FOR THE CATALYST REGENERATION BUSINESS
- PERTAMINA' S CILACAP REFINERY SUCCESSFULLY RELOADS TATORAY UNIT WITH
UOP' S TA-20 CATALYST
- SCR TECHNOLOGY
- TOPSOE TO SUPPLY A SPENT SULFURIC ACID REGENERATION PLANT FOR
PETROM, ROMANIA
- BAKU ALIYEV REFINERY SELECTS UOP TECHNOLOGIES FOR HIGH-OCTANE
GASOLINE PROJECT
- PROGRESS ENERGY ANNOUNCES FIRST CLEAN SMOKE STACKS
- THE FUTURE
- TABLE 27 OVERVIEW OF GLOBAL DEMAND FOR CATALYST REGENERATION BY
REGION, THROUGH 2005 ($ MILLIONS)
- REGULATORY ISSUES
- INTRODUCTION
- CLEAN AIR INTERSTATE RULE (CAIR)
- CLEAN AIR AMENDMENTS ACT OF 1990
- OXYGENATED GASOLINE PROGRAM/REFORMULATED GASOLINE PROGRAM
- DIESEL FUEL REGULATIONS
- RESOURCE CONSERVATION AND RECOVERY ACT (CERCLA: 42 U.S.C. S/S 6901 ET
SEQ. - 1976)
- CATALYST RECLAMATION AND DISPOSAL
- CATALYST RECLAMATION AND .... (CONTINUED)
- THE JEFFORDS AMENDMENT
- CLEAN NONROAD DIESEL RULE
- CLEAR SKIES ACT OF 2003
- CLEAN WATER ACT
- EUROPEAN LEGISLATION COVERING SPENT CATALYSTS
- EPA REVISES LIST OF MAJOR SOURCE CATEGORIES
- THE ENERGY POLICY ACT OF 2005
- THE ENERGY POLICY ACT OF 2005 (CONTINUED)
- INDUSTRY STRUCTURE AND COMPETITIVE RATES
- FIGURE 9 STRUCTURE AND SUPPLY CHAIN OF THE CATALYST REGENERATION BUSINESS
- LABORATORY SPENT CATALYST REGENERATION
- FIGURE 10 TYPICAL LABORATORY SPENT CATALYST REGENERATION/REJUVENATION
PROCESS FLOW DIAGRAM
- PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF REGENERATED CATALYSTS
- TABLE 28 CHARACTERISTICS OF FRESH, SPENT AND REGENERATED CATALYSTS
- FIGURE 11 COMPARISON OF SPENT AND REGENERATED CATALYST PERFORMANCE
- CONTRIBUTORY FACTORS IN ACTIVITY REGAIN AFTER REGENERATION
- FIGURE 12 ACTIVITY (K) IN COMPARISON TO FACTORY NEW ACTIVITY (K0) BEFORE
AND AFTER REGENERATION (SAMPLES)
- CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF SPENT CATALYSTS IN COMPARISON TO OTHER RAW
MATERIALS
- TABLE 29 CHEMICAL COMPOSITION (WT %) OF SPENT CATALYST AND OTHER RAW
MATERIALS
- TABLE 30 COMPOSITION OF SPENT NICKEL CATALYSTS USED IN HYDROGENATION OF
EDIBLE FATS AND OILS (%)
- USING SPENT CATALYSTS AS RAW MATERIALS TO PRODUCE OTHER VALUABLE
PRODUCTS
- COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH OF PRODUCED AGGREGATE MATERIAL
- FIGURE 13 EFFECT OF FIRING TEMPERATURES ON METALS LEACHING FROM
SYNTHETIC AGGREGATE MATERIALS
- FIGURE 14 EFFECT OF FIRING TEMPERATURES ON COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH OF
SYNTHETIC AGGREGATE MATERIALS
- CONCRETE CUBES PREPARED FROM SYNTHETIC AND NATURAL AGGREGATES
- TABLE 31 COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH OF CONCRETE CUBES PREPARED FROM SYNTHETIC
AND NATURAL AGGREGATES
- CHALLENGES FACING THE CATALYST REGENERATION INDUSTRY
- FIGURE 15 CHALLENGES FACING KEY PLAYERS IN THE CATALYST REGENERATION
BUSINESS CHAIN
- SPENT CATALYST METAL REFINERS' ISSUES
- PRECIOUS METALS SAMPLING
- Melt Sampling
- Solution Sampling
- DRY SAMPLING
- ASSAYING
- PROCESSING TURNAROUND: BOTTOM LINE
- LEASING AND POOL ACCOUNTS
- BANKING
- ISSUES FOR SPENT CATALYST REGENERATORS
- Eurecat
- Catalyst Recovery, Inc. (CRI)
- Tricat, Inc
- Süd-Chemie
- TABLE 32 TYPICAL PILOT PLANT TEST SUMMARY
- TABLE 32 (CONTINUED)
- ISSUES FOR SPENT CATALYST GENERATOR (CATALYST USER' S ISSUES)
- REGENERATION/METAL RECOVERY/DISPOSAL ECONOMICS
- SPENT CATALYST METAL RECOVERY PROCESSING TIME HAS AN EFFECT ON
PROFITABILITY
- Spent Catalyst Metal Recovery....(Continued)
- Environmental Concerns and Legal Implications
- Avoiding Legal and Environmental Problems
- How to Select a Precious Metals Refiner
- Request Full Documentation
- TABLE 33 GLOBAL MARKET FORECAST FOR SPENT CATALYST REGENERATION/METAL
RECOVERY/DISPOSAL ECONOMICS, THROUGH 2010
- TABLE 34 REGENERATED CATALYST RESALE ECONOMICS
- A CHANGING CATALYST INDUSTRY AND MARKETS IN TRANSITION
- TABLE 35 A CHANGING CATALYST INDUSTRY MARKET STRUCTURE (%)
- CATALYST SUPPLIER OFFERINGS/COMPETITION
- TABLE 36 SUPPLIER OFFERINGS (2005)
- COMMERCIAL EXPERIENCE WITH REGENERATED CATALYST PERFORMANCE
- OFF-SITE CATALYST REGENERATION COMMERCIAL EXPERIENCE
- UNIT A
- FIGURE 16 PERFORMANCE OF REGENERATED KF 757 VS. FRESH KF 757: CUSTOMER
A
- UNIT B
- FIGURE 17 PERFORMANCE OF REGENERATED KF 757 VS. FRESH AND REGENERATED
KF 756: CUSTOMER B
- UNIT C
- TABLE 37 CATALYST OPERATING CONDITIONS
- FIGURE 18 PERFORMANCE OF REGENERATED KF 757 VS FRESH KF 757 AND
REGENERATED KF 756: CUSTOMER C
- UNIT D
- FIGURE 19 PERFORMANCE OF REGENERATED KF 757 VS FRESH KF 757: CUSTOMER D
- ON-SITE CATALYST REGENERATION COMMERCIAL EXPERIENCE
- Catalyst Regeneration Experience
- FIGURE 20 HISTORY OF BHK ACTIVITY IN SCR CATALYST REGENERATION
- TABLE 38 LABORATORY TEST RESULTS (%)
- TABLE 39 SUMMARY OF SCOPE OF WORK
- Regeneration Work
- Schedule
- FIGURE 21 REGENERATION SCHEDULE
- TABLE 40 TEST CONDITIONS FOR REGENERATED SCR CATALYST
- Product Performance Obtained
- TABLE 41 PRODUCT PERFORMANCE OBTAINED
- REGENERATED CATALYST INDUSTRY CONCENTRATED STRUCTURE
- EURECAT
- CATALYST RECOVERY (CRI, A SHELL CHEMICALS SUBSIDIARY)
- TRICAT
- SCR-TECH
- JOHNSON MATTHEY
- ALBEMARLE
- ENGELHARD
- DEGUSSA
- AKZO NOBEL CATALYSTS
- UOP
- BABCOCK HITACHI KK
- W.R. GRACE
- SÜD-CHEMIE
- TABLE 42 CATALYST REGENERATION INDUSTRY CONCENTRATION BY
COMPANY/APPLICATION SECTOR, 2005 (%)
- MARKET DIFFERENTIATION/SEGMENTATION
- DIFFERENTIATION AND SEGMENTATION BY GEOGRAPHY AND REGIONAL PRESENCE
- Eurecat
- Catalyst Recovery, Inc. (CRI)
- Tricat, Inc.
- Porocel Corp.
- SCR-Tech
- Johnson Matthey (JM)
- Degussa
- Engelhard
- Albemarle
- Catalytic Combustion Corp.
- Akzo Nobel Catalysts
- Haldor Topsoe
- Haldor Topsoe (Continued)
- UOP
- UOP (Continued)
- UOP (Continued)
- Babcock Hitachi K.K.
- Süd-Chemie
- Süd-Chemie (Continued)
- TABLE 43 MARKET LEADERSHIP BY GEOGRAPHIC REGION, 2005
- DIFFERENTIATION⁄SEGMENTATION BY SERVICE
- TABLE 44 COMPANY CATALYST REGENERATION SEGMENTATION BY SERVICE, 2005
- TRICAT SERVICES
- Tricat Regeneration Process (TRP)
- XpresS
- Guardian Grading Systems
- Tricat Catalyst Management Services
- Tricat Catalyst Resale Assistance
- CRI SERVICES
- Regeneration
- Resale Catalyst and Adsorbents
- ActiCATR Presulfurizing
- Length⁄Density Grading
- EURECAT SERVICES
- Regeneration
- Presulfiding
- Recycling
- Preconditioning
- Reactor Management Services
- POROCEL SERVICES
- SCR-TECH SERVICES
- FIGURE 22 SCR-TECH CATALYST REGENERATION MANAGEMENT SERVICES
- JOHNSON MATTHEY SERVICES
- Saving Time in Process Development
- Screening and Optimization at Johnson Matthey
- Metal Recovery Evaluation Service
- Johnson Matthey Catalyst Supply
- Technical Support for Catalytic Processes
- Refining of Catalyst Residues and Metal Management
- TABLE 45 JOHNSON MATTHEY REFINING CATALYST RESIDUE AND METAL
MANAGEMENT SERVICES
- FIGURE 23 THE PRECIOUS METAL LOOP
- Credit or Cash: the Precious Metal Account
- The Three Major Steps in the Recovery Process
- Careful Homogenization and Sampling
- Reliable State-of-the-Art Analysis
- Precious Metal Refining with Optimum Results
- Base-metal Loop
- Procedures and Responsibilities
- ENGELHARD SERVICES
- ALBEMARLE SERVICES
- Hydroprocessing Catalysts
- Fluid Catalytic Cracking Catalysts
- Alkyclean Technology
- REACTivating STARS
- CATALYTIC COMBUSTION CORP. SERVICES
- AXENS SERVICES
- Technical Service Agreement
- AKZO NOBEL CATALYST SERVICES
- FIGURE 24 COMPLETED CATALYST MANAGEMENT PROJECTS, 1998-2003
- TABLE 46 MOST FREQUENTLY REQUESTED TOTAL CATALYST MANAGEMENT SERVICES
- HALDOR TOPSOE SERVICES
- Engineering and Technical Services
- Catalyst Services
- Project Execution
- Engineering Quality Management
- Engineering Software
- UOP SERVICES
- Catalyst Loading
- Troubleshooting
- Performance Optimization
- Regeneration
- BABCOCK HITACHI K.K. SERVICES
- Catalyst Cleaning and Regeneration
- Catalyst Lifetime Estimation
- Replacement Catalyst Supply
- Catalyst Bag Filters
- Nitrogen Processing Unit in Drainage
- Products and Services
- SÜD-CHEMIE SERVICE LINES
- Catalyst Cleaning and Rejuvenation
- Catalyst Activity Testing
- Small Reactor Testing
- Medium Reactor Testing
- Pilot Unit
- Catalyst Characterization
- DIFFERENTIATION⁄SEGMENTATION BY REGENERATION TECHNOLOGY
- TABLE 47 CATALYST REGENERATION SEGMENTATION BY TECHNOLOGY, 2005
- FIGURE 25 THE TRICAT XPRESS REGENERATION PROCESS
- FIGURE 26 EURECAT ROTOLOUVRE REGENERATION TECHNOLOGY
- FIGURE 27 MOVING-BELT CATALYST REGENERATION PROCESS
- SCR-TECH
- SCR-Tech (Continued)
- FIGURE 28 AN EFFCIENT DEIONIZED WATER-BASED, CLOSEDLOOP SYSTEM FOR
REMOVAL OF SOLUBLE CATALYST POISONS AND SURFACE-BINDING LAYERS WHILE
CATALYST MODULES REMAIN IN THE SCR REACTOR
- FIGURE 29 JOHNSON MATTHEY AQUACAT PROCESS FOR RECOVERY OF PRECIOUS
METAL CATALYSTS
- ALBEMARLE
- UOP
- CCR™ Catalyst Regeneration Technology
- Rxcat Technology
- BABCOCK HITACHI K.K.
- FIGURE 30 BABCOCK HITACHI K.K. REGENERATION PROCESS
- SÜD-CHEMIE
- COMPETITIVE RATES ROR THE CATALYST REGENERATION INDUSTRY
- REUSING REGENERATED CATALYST MATERIAL IN THE SAME UNIT
- CASCADING IT TO ANOTHER UNIT IN THE PLANT
- STORING REGENERATED CATALYST IN THE COMPANY' S INTERNATIONAL RESALE
POOL
- SELLING TO A THIRD PARTY THROUGH A CONSIGNMENT AGREEMENT
- SELLING SPENT CATALYST MATERIAL TO REGENERATORS AND METAL REFINERS
- TABLE 48 COMPETITIVE RATES FOR THE CATALYST REGENERATION INDUSTRY ($
MILLIONS)
- MERGERS, ACQUISITIONS, DIVESTITURES AND ALLIANCES
- MERGERS, ACQUISITIONS,....(CONTINUED)
- MERGERS, ACQUISITIONS,....(CONTINUED)
- TABLE 49 CORPORATE MERGERS AND ACQUISITIONS
- TABLE 49 (CONTINUED)
- GLOBAL DEMAND FOR CATALYST REGENERATION BY REGION
- GLOBAL DEMAND FOR CATALYST ....(CONTINUED)
- TABLE 50 GLOBAL MARKET FORECAST OF DEMAND FOR CATALYTS REGENERATION BY
REGION, THROUGH 2010 ($ MILLIONS)
- NORTH AMERICA
- Refining
- Polymerization and Chemical Processing
- Flue Gas
- Automotive
- TABLE 51 NORTH AMERICAN MARKET FORECAST FOR THE REGENERATED CATALYST
MARKET BY SECTOR, THROUGH 2010 ($ MILLIONS)
- EUROPE
- Refining
- Polymerization and Chemical Processing
- Flue Gas
- Automotive
- TABLE 52 EUROPEAN MARKET FORECAST FOR DEMAND FOR REGENERATED CATALYSTS
BY USE, THROUGH 2010 ($ MILLIONS)
- ASIA
- Refining
- Polymerization and Chemical Processing
- Flue Gas
- Automotive
- TABLE 53 ASIAN MARKET FORECAST DEMAND FOR REGENERATED CATALYSTS BY
USE, THROUGH 2010 ($ MILLIONS)
- TABLE 54 R-O-W MARKET FORECAST DEMAND FOR REGENERATED CATALYSTS BY
USE, THROUGH 2010 ($ MILLIONS)
- Latin America
- Middle East
- Middle East (Continued)
- Africa
- Africa (Continued)
- Africa (Continued)
- TABLE 55 REST-OF-WORLD MARKET FORECAST DEMAND FOR REGENERATED
CATALYSTS BY TYPE, THROUGH 2010 ($ MILLIONS)
- MAJOR TRENDS IMPACTING THE CATALYST REGENERATION BUSINESS
- TRENDS IN CRUDE OIL REFINING MARGINS
- TABLE 56 GLOBAL CASH OPERATING MARGINS IN CRUDE OIL REFINING, 2005
- TABLE 57 TRENDS IN CRUDE OIL REFINING MARGINS ($⁄BARREL)
- TRENDS IN REFINER' S ACQUISITION OF CRUDE
- FIGURE 31 WORLD TRENDS IN NOMINAL CRUDE OIL PRICES, 1970-2005
- TRENDS IN CRUDE OIL QUALITY
- TABLE 58 TRENDS IN CRUDE OIL QUALITY PROCESSED IN U.S. REFINERIES,
THROUGH 2001
- TRENDS IN GLOBAL CRUDE OIL PROCESSING CAPACITY
- TABLE 59 GLOBAL REFINERY CAPACITY TRENDS (THOUSANDS OF BARRELS OF
CRUDE OIL PER⁄DAY)
- CATALYST REGENEARATION TRENDS
- TABLE 60 CATALYST REGENERATION TRENDS, THROUGH 2000 (%)
- TABLE 61 TRENDS IN AVERAGE ANNUAL PRICES1 OF SELECTED METALS, 1994-2001
- TRENDS IN METAL RECYCLING FROM SPENT AUTOMOTIVE CATALYSTS
- TABLE 62 SPENT AUTOCATALYST METAL RECOVERY TRENDS (THOUSAND OUNCES)
- GLOBAL ELECTRIC POWER GENERATION TRENDS
- TABLE 63 GLOBAL POWER PLANT MARKET SHARE TRENDS BY REGION* (% SHARE)
- Power Generation Market Development Trends
- TABLE 64 GLOBAL POWER PLANT MARKET SHARE TRENDS BY FACILITY TYPE* (%
SHARE)
- COMPANY MARKET CAPITALIZATION AND KEY PERFORMANCE INDICATORS
- CATALYST COMPANIES
- Catalytica Energy Systems
- Albemarle
- Engelhard Corp
- Akzo Nobel
- Degussa
- Clean Diesel Technologies, Inc
- W.R. Grace
- TABLE 65 CATALYST COMPANY MARKET CAPITALIZATION AND KEY PERFORMANCE
INDICATORS, 2005
- REFINING COMPANIES
- Chevron
- ENI Technologies SPA
- Statoil
- Sasol
- TABLE 66 PETROLEUM REFINING COMPANY MARKET CAPITALIZATION AND KEY
PERFORMANCE INDICATORS, 2005 CHEMICAL AND POLYMERIZATION COMPANIES
- TABLE 67 CHEMICAL AND POLYMERIZATION COMPANY MARKET CAPITALIZATION AND
KEY PERFORMANCE INDICATORS, 2005 POWER GENERATION COMPANIES
- AES Corp
- American Electric Power
- TABLE 68 POWER GENERATION COMPANY MARKET CAPITALIZATION AND KEY
PERFORMANCE INDICATORS, 2005 AUTOMOTIVE COMPANIES
- Ford Motor Co
- DaimlerChrysler AG
- General Motors
- Toyota
- TABLE 69 AUTOMOTIVE COMPANY MARKET CAPITALIZATION AND KEY PERFORMANCE
INDICATORS, 2005
- CATALYST REGENERATION INDUSTRY MARKET DRIVERS AND THREATS
- ECONOMY
- CRUDE OIL INDUSTRY CONSOLIDATION
- ENVIRONMENTAL REGULATIONS
- TABLE 70 ULTRA-LOW SULFUR DIESEL COMMERCIAL UNITS
- CRUDE OIL REFINERY COMPLEXITY AND CONFIGURATION
- TABLE 71 CONSTRUCTION OF ULTRA-LOW SULFUR DIESEL REFINERIES
- CRUDE OIL AND PRODUCTS PRICE DYNAMICS
- NATURE OF THE MARKET
- CATALYST PERFORMANCE
- TECHNOLOGICAL INNOVATIONS
- NEW TECHNOLOGY
- Advanced Refining Technologies, LLC
- British Petroleum (BP)
- Fortum Oil & Gas, ABB Lummus Global and Akzo Nobel
- UOP
- CAPACITY EXPANSION AND NEW CAPACITY
- Albemarle
- Advanced Refining Technologies (ART)
- Axens North America
- Davison Catalysts
- Chevron Global Refining
- Criterion Catalysts & Technologies LP
- CAPACITY REDUCTION
- UOP
- MARKET LEADERS IN CATALYST REGENERATION INSTRUMENTATION AND SOFTWARE
COMPONENTS
- INSTRUMENTATION AND CONTROL COMPONENTS (FLOW METERS, FLOW COMPUTERS,
FLOW INDICATORS, ANALYZERS, DETECTORS, SENSORS AND VALVES)
- TABLE 72 MARKET LEADERS IN INSTRUMENTATION AND CONTROL COMPONENTS, 2004
- TABLE 72 (CONTINUED)
- TABLE 72 (CONTINUED)
- TABLE 72 (CONTINUED)
- SOFTWARE COMPONENTS
- TABLE 73 MARKET LEADERS IN SOFTWARE COMPONENTS FOR CATALYST
REGENERATION, 2004
- TABLE 73 (CONTINUED)
- COMPANY RESULTS
- TRICAT INDUSTRIES, INC.
- EURECAT
- ALBEMARLE
- AKZO NOBEL CATALYSTS
- HALDOR TOPSOE
- CATALYST RECOVERY, INC. (CRI)
- CATALYTICA ENERGY SYSTEMS (SCR-TECH)
- W.R. GRACE
- JOHNSON MATTHEY (JM)
- BASF
- ENGELHARD
- Engelhard (Continued)
- UOP
- DEGUSSA
- NIPPON SHOKUBAI CO., LTD
- SÜD-CHEMIE
- POROCEL CORP.
- BABCOCK HITACHI K.K.
- TABLE 74 COMPANY RESULTS ($ MILLIONS⁄WORLDWIDE SALES)
- TABLE 74 (CONTINUED)
- COST REDUCTION AND CATALYST REGENERATION MANAGEMENT STRATEGY
- INTRODUCTION
- BUSINESS CASE: CATALYST REGENERATION
- FIGURE 32 BETTER THAN NEW
- FIGURE 33 COMPARED TO NEW CATALYST, REGENERATED CATALYST CONVERTS LESS
SULFUR DIOXIDE (SO2) TO SULFURE TRIOXIDE (SO3)
- REGENERATION PROCESS: ECONOMICS AND RELIABILITY OF NEW CATALYST VESUS
REGENERATED CATALYST
- Eliminating Disposal Costs
- TABLE 75 COST COMPARISON: REGENERATION VS. BUYING NEW CATALYST
- New vs. Regenerated
- Rejuvenation vs. Regeneration
- CATALYST MANAGEMENT
- FIGURE 34 AN OPTIMIZED CATALYST MANAGEMENT PROCESS TAKES INTO ACCOUNT
MORE VARIABLES THAN MIGHT BE EXPECTED
- FIGURE 35 STEPS IN CATALYST MANAGEMENT INVOLVING THE OPTIMIZATION OF A
WIDE RANGE OF PARAMETERS
- Start with an Inspection
- Future Plan
- Analyze the Data
- TABLE 76 WAYS TO MEASURE CATALYTIC ACTIVITY AND POTENTIAL
- FIGURE 36 CATALYST MANAGEMENT PLAN SHOWING PARAMETERS
- FIGURE 37 MULTIPOINT AUTOMATED SAMPLING SYSTEM (MASS) USED FOR AMMONIA
INJECTION GRID TURNING
- Add or Replace?
- REJUVENATING A CATALYST
- FIGURE 38 DRY CLEANING USING VACUUMING/AIR LANCING CAN REPLACE CATALYST
FOULING DUE TO BUILDUP OF LARGE PARTICLE ASH AND ASH FINES
- FIGURE 39 ASH REMOVAL
- FIGURE 40 VACUUMING
- FIGURE 41 WASHING WITH A CLEANING SOLUTION
- FIGURE 42 BUBBLING AND AERATION UNDER PRESSURE
- DEMAND BY TYPE OF CATALYST REGENERATION MANAGEMENT ACTIVITY
- CATALYST PHYSICAL SEPARATION
- PRESULFIDING AND OTHER PRECONDITIONING
- CATALYST RESALE
- CATALYST HANDLING (UNLOADING/LOADING)
- RECYCLING
- TRANSPORTATION AND STORAGE
- LANDFILL DISPOSAL
- Landfill Disposal (Continued)
- TABLE 77 DEMAND FOR CATALYST REGENERATION MANAGEMENT BY SERVICE (VALUE =
% OF FRESH CATALYST PRICE)
- DEMAND BY CATALYST REGENERATION TYPE
- TABLE 78 GLOBAL MAKRET FORECAST DEMAND FOR SPENT CATALYST REGENERATION
TYPE, THROUGH 2010 ($ MILLIONS) STANDARD REGENERATION
- TABLE 79 GLOBAL MARKET FORECAST DEMAND FOR STANDARD CATALYST
REGENERATION BY OPERATION, THROUGH 2010 ($ MILLIONS)
- TABLE 80 GLOBAL MARKET FORECAST DEMAND FOR TURNAROUND CATALYST
REGENERATION BY OPERATION, THROUGH 2010 ($ MILLIONS)
- PRERECLAMATION REGENERATION
- TABLE 81 DEMAND FOR PRERECLAMATION CATALYST REGENERATION BY OPERATION.
THROUGH 2010 ($ MILLIONS) DEMAND BY PRODUCT
- INTRODUCTION
- DEMAND BY PRODUCT
- CO/MO CATALYSTS
- NI/MO CATALYSTS
- NI/W CATALYSTS
- FCC SPENT CATALYSTS
- REFORMER AND ISOMERIZATION CATALYSTS
- HYDRODEMETALIZATION CATALYSTS
- ZN-CONTAINING BEDS
- NOBLE METAL CATALYSTS
- Noble Metal Catalysts (Continued)
- ZEOLITES
- RARE EARTHS
- VANADIA AND TITANIA
- MANGANESE OXIDE (HPM CATALYST)
- COPPER CHROMITE HPC CATALYST
- OTHER
- TABLE 82 GLOBAL FORECAST OF DEMAND FOR REGENERATED CATALYSTS BY PRODUCT,
THROUGH 2010 ($ MILLIONS)
- DEMAND BY APPLICATION
- INTRODUCTION
- TABLE 83 GLOBAL MARKET FORECAST FOR REGENERATED CATALYSTS BY SECTOR,
THROUGH 2010 ($ MILLIONS)
- REGENERATED PETROLEUM REFINING CATALYST
- TABLE 84 GLOBAL MARKET FORECAST FOR CATALTIC REFINERY PROCESSING
CAPACITY, THROUGH 2010 (MILLION BARRELS PER CALENDAR DAY)
- TABLE 85 GLOBAL MARKET FORECAST DEMAND FOR CATALYST REGENERATION IN
CRUDE OIL REFINING BY PROCESS, THROUGH 2010 ($ MILLIONS)
- Catalytic Hydrotreating and Hydroprocessing
- TABLE 86 GLOBAL MARKET FORECAST FOR CATALYTIC HYDROTREATING DEMAND FOR
REGENERATED CATALYSTS BY DEPLOYMENT, THROUGH 2010 ($ MILLIONS)
- TABLE 87 CONVENTIONAL AND IMPROVED HYDROTREATING AND HYDROPROCESSING
CATALYSTS FOR DIESEL PRODUCTION
- FLUID CATALYTIC CRACKING (FCC)
- TABLE 88 FCC DEMAND FOR REGENERATED CATALYSTS BY DEPLOYMENT, THROUGH
2010 ($ MILLIONS)
- TABLE 89 CONVENTIONAL AND IMPROVED FCC CATALYSTS FOR GASOLINE PRODUCTION
- TABLE 90 GLOBAL MARKET FORECAST FOR CATALYTIC REFORMING DEMAND FOR
REGENERATED CATALYSTS, THROUGH 2010 ($ MILLIONS)
- TABLE 91 CONVENTIONAL AND IMPROVED REFORMING CATALYSTS FOR GASOLINE
PRODUCTION
- TABLE 92 GLOBAL MARKET FORECAST FOR CATALYTIC HYDROCRACKING DEMAND FOR
REGENERATED CATALYSTS BY DEPLOYMENT, THROUGH 2010 ($ MILLIONS)
- TABLE 93 CONVENTIONAL AND IMPROVED HYDROCRACKING CATALYSTS FOR RESIDUE
CONVERSION AND LOW-SULFUR FUEL OIL PRODUCTION
- ALKYLATION AND ISOMERIZATION
- TABLE 94 GLOBAL MARKET FORECAST DEMAND FOR REGENERATED CATALYSTS BY
ALKYLATION AND ISOMERIZATION, THROUGH 2010 ($ MILLIONS)
- TABLE 95 CONVENTIONAL AND IMPROVED ALKYLATION AND ISOMERIZATION
CATALYSTS FOR GASOLINE PRODUCTION
- REGENERATED POLYMERIZATION AND CHEMICAL PROCESSING CATALYSTS
- TABLE 96 GLOBAL MARKET FORECAST DEMAND FOR REGENERATION CATALYSTS BY
CHEMICAL, THROUGH 2010 ($ MILLIONS)
- CHEMICAL SYNTHESIS
- Organic Synthesis Catalysts
- Selective Oxidation Catalysts
- Synthesis Gas Catalysts
- Hydrogenation Catalysts
- Oxidative Addition
- Hydrogenolysis
- Heterolytic Cleavage
- TABLE 97 EXAMPLES OF CATALYTIC HYDROGENATIONS IN CHEMICALS AND
PETROCHEMICALS USING BASE AND PRECIOUS METAL CATALYSTS
- Other Chemical Synthesis Catalysts
- TABLE 98 GLOBLA MARKET FORECAST DEMAND FOR REGENERATION CATALYSTS BY
CHEMICAL SYNTHESIS TYPE, THROUGH 2010 ($ MILLIONS)
- POLYMERIZATION
- Ziegler/Natta Catalysts
- Single-site Catalysts
- Reaction Initiators
- Other Polymerization Catalysts
- TABLE 99 GLOBAL MARKET FORECAST DEMAND FOR REGENERATION CATALYSTS BY
POLYMERIZATION TYPE, THROUGH 2010 ($ MILLIONS)
- REGENERATED AUTOMOTIVE CATALYSTS
- Regenerated Automotive Catalysts (Continued)
- TABLE 100 GLOBAL MARKET FORECAST DEMAND FOR SPENT AUTOCATALYST
PRERECLAMATION REGENERATION BY METAL TYPE, THROUGH 2010 ($ MILLIONS)
- REGENERATED FLUE GAS AND WASTE TREATMENT CATALYSTS
- Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR)
- Selective Catalytic .... (Continued)
- Catalytic Oxidation
- TABLE 101 GLOBAL MARKET FORECAST DEMAND FOR FLUE GAS AND WASTE CATALYST
SUPPLY BY PROCESS, THROUGH 2010 ($ MILLIONS)
- TABLE 102 GLOBAL MARKET FORECAST FOR REGENERATED CATALYST MANAGEMENT BY
ACTIVITY COST, THROUGH 2010 ($/LB)
- CATALYST MANAGEMENT TECHNOLOGY
- CATALYST MANAGEMENT .... (CONTINUED)
- TABLE 103 TYPICAL CATALYST MANAGEMENT (%)
- FIGURE 43 AKZO NOBEL CATALYST MANAGEMENT STRATEGIES
- FIGURE 44 EURECAT CATALYST MANAGEMENT STRATEGIES
- FIGURE 45 TYPICAL SCR CATALYST MANAGEMENT PLAN
- TABLE 104 SCR CATALYST MANAGEMENT*
- METALS RECOVERY FROM SPENT CATALYST TECHNOLOGY
- FIGURE 46 SCHEMATIC OF PRECIOUS METAL RECOVERY FROM SPENT CATALYSTS
- Hydrometallurgy Technology
- Pyrometallurgy Technology
- THE AQUACAT PROCESS
- SPENT CATALYST REGENERATION TECHNOLOGY
- TABLE 105 MEASURES TO LIMIT COKE FORMATION IN VARIOUS REACTOR TYPES
- TECHNOLOGICAL IMPORTANCE OF CATALYST REGENERATION SERVICE
- TABLE 106 CHARACTERIZATION OF SPENT EBZ-500 AS RECEIVED AND AFTER
LABORATORY REGENERATION
- Catalyst Regeneration Technology at an Off-site Facility
- TABLE 107 MASS BALANCE OF THE COMMERCIAL REGENERATION OF A TWO-BED
REACTOR OF EBZ-500 CATALYST UNLOADED FROM A EUROPEAN UNIT (% OF CATALYST)
- TABLE 108 ANALYSIS OF SPENT, LABORATORY AND INDUSTRIALLY REGENERATED
CATALYST
- Regenerated Catalyst Performance
- TABLE 109 PERFORMANCE OF FRESH AND REGENERATED EBZ- 500 CATALYST IN THE
COMMERCIAL UNIT
- NORMAL ADD AND REPLACE SEQUENCE
- FIGURE 47 NORMAL ADD AND REPLACE SEQUENCE
- CATALYST REGENERATION SEQUENCE
- FIGURE 48 ATALYST REGENERATION SEQUENCE
- SPENT AND REGENERATED CATALYST EVALUATION AND CHARACTERIZATION
TECHNOLOGY
- SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPY
- PHYSISORPTION ANALYSES
- CHEMISORPTION ANALYSES
- TABLE 110 EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURE FOR H2-CHEMISORPTION MEASUREMENTS
- TEMPERATURE-PROGRAMMED TECHNIQUE
- FIGURE 49 EXPERIMENTAL SETUPS FOR NO-TPD MEASUREMENTS IN A VACUUM
- FIGURE 50 X-RAY DIFFRACTOMETER SCHEMATIC
- X-RAY PHOTOELECTRON SPECTROSCOPY
- FIGURE 51 XPS MACHINE SCHEMATIC
- FIGURE 52 X-RAY FLUORESCENCE SPECTROMETER SCHEMATIC
- FIGURE 53 EXPERIMENTAL SETUPS FOR ACTIVITY MEASUREMENTS
- TABLE 111 COMPARISON OF TEST GAS MIXTURE FOR ACTIVITY MEASUREMENTS
- CHEMICAL ANALYSIS
- DEMAND FOR CATALYST REGENERATION BY CONTAMINATION AND POISON TYPE
- FIGURE 54 DEACTIVATION MECHANISMS: A) COKE FORMATION, B) POISONING, C)
SINTERING OF ACTIVE METAL PARTICLES AND D) SINTERING AND SOLID-SOLID PHASE
TRANSITIONS OF THE WASHCOAT AND ENCAPSULATION OF ACTIVE METAL PARTICLES
- COKE DEPOSITION
- SINTERING (THERMAL DEGRADATION, PHASE SEPARATION OR PHASE
TRANSFORMATION)
- ACTIVE SURFACE FOULING
- DEPOSITION OF ALKALINE AND ALKALINE EARTH METALS
- ARSENIC POISONING
- EROSION
- PLUGGING
- SULFURIC COMPOUND ADSORPTION
- CARBON MONOXIDE ADSORPTION
- SODIUM
- SILICON
- IRON
- LOW METALS
- TABLE 112 GLOBAL MARKET FORECAST FOR CATALYST REGENERATION BY
DEACTIVATION TECHNOLOGY, THROUGH 2010 ($ MILLIONS)
- TABLE 112 (CONTINUED)
- DEMAND FOR CATALYST REGENERATION BY COMMERCIAL SPENT CATALYST
GENERATION REACTION AND REACTOR
- FIGURE 55 CATALYST REGENEATION SOLUTIONS TO THE PROBLEM OF RAPIDLY
DEACTIVATING CATALYSTS IN COMMERCIAL REACTOR SYSTEMS
- TABLE 113 GLOBAL MARKET FORECAST DEMAND FOR CATALYST REGENERATION BY
TYPE OF COMMERCIAL SPENT CATALYST GENERATION REACTION, THROUGH 2010 ($
MILLIONS)
- TABLE 114 COMMERCIAL SPENT CATALYST GENERATION GASPHASE
REACTIONS/REACTORS
- Simple Fixed-Bed Reactor
- Monolith Reactor
- Fixed Bed with Combustion Zone
- Radial Flow Reactor
- Moving-bed Reactor
- Fluidized-bed Reactor
- Entrained-flow Reactor
- TABLE 115 GLOBAL MARKET FORECAST DEMAND FOR CATALYST REGENERATION IN
GAS-PHASE REACTION BY COMMERCIAL SPENT CATALYST GENERATION REACTORS, THROUGH
2010 ($ MILLIONS)
- TABLE 116 COMMERCIAL SPENT-CATALYST GENERATION GASLIQUID REACTIONS AND
REACTORS
- Trickle-flow Reactor
- Moving-bed Reactor
- Three-phase Fluidized-bed Reactor
- TABLE 117 GLOBAL MARKET FORECAST DEMAND FOR CATALYST REGENERATION IN
GAS-LIQUID REACTION BY COMMERCIAL SPENT CATALYST GENERATION REACTORS,
THROUGH 2010 ($ MILLIONS)
- LIQUID-LIQUID REACTIONS
- Stirred-tank Reactor
- Packed-bed Reactor
- Circulating Fluidized Bed
- TABLE 118 GLOBAL MARKET FORECAST DEMAND FOR CATALYST REGENERATION IN
LIQUID-LIQUID REACTION BY COMMERCIAL SPENT CATALYST GENERATION REACTORS,
THROUGH 2010 ($ MILLIONS)
- DEMAND FOR CATALYST REGENERATION BY SITE/METHOD TECHNOLOGY
- TABLE 119 GLOBAL MARKET FORECAST FOR CATALYST REGENERATION DEMAND BY
SITE TECHNOLOGY, THROUGH 2010 ($ MILLIONS)
- OFF-SITE CATALYST REGENERATION TECHNOLOGY
- Rotating-kiln Process Technology
- Moving-belt Oven Process Technology
- Fluidized-bed Oven (TRP Process Technology)
- Ultrasound Process Technology
- Other
- TABLE 120 GLOBAL MARKET FORECAST DEMAND FOR OFF-SITE CATALYST
REGENERATION BY PROCESS TECHNOLOGY, THROUGH 2010 ($ MILLIONS)
- ON-SITE CATALYST REGENERATION TECHNOLOGY
- TABLE 121 ON-SITE CATALYST REGENERATION TECHNOLOGY
- Cyclic, Continuous Regeneration
- Semiregeneration
- Off-line Regeneration
- Continuous Catalyst Circulation and Cyclic Unit
- Regenerative Catalytic
- TABLE 122 GLOBAL MARKET FORECAST DEMAND FOR ON-SITE SPENT CATALYST
REGENERATION BY PROCESS TECHNOLOGY, THROUGH 2010 ($ MILLIONS)
- TABLE 122 (CONTINUED)
- DEMAND FOR CATALYST REGENERATION BY MATERIAL TECHNOLOGY
- METAL-BASED MATERIAL TECHNOLOGY
- CHEMICAL-BASED MATERIAL TECHNOLOGY
- ZEOLITE-BASED MATERIAL TECHNOLOGY
- OTHER AND RARE EARTHS MATERIAL TECHNOLOGIES
- TABLE 123 GLOBAL MARKET FORECAST DEMAND FOR REGENERATED CATALYST BY
MATERIAL TECHNOLOGY, THROUGH 2010 ($ MILLIONS)
- DEMAND FOR REGENERATED CATALYSTS BY DEPLOYMENT TECHNOLOGY
- Flux Rate
- Filtration Media and Cleanability
- GUARD BEDS AND TOPLAYER TECHNOLOGY
- Guard Beds and Toplayer .... (Continued)
- CASCADING TECHNOLOGY
- RECYCLING TECHNOLOGY
- TABLE 124 GLOBAL MARKET FORECAST DEMAND FOR REGENERATED CATALYSTS BY
DEPLOYMENT TECHNOLOGY, THROUGH 2010 ($ MILLIONS)
- TECHNOECONOMICS OF SPENT CATALYST REGENERATION
- TABLE 125 GLOBAL MARKET SHARE FOR CATALYST REPLACEMENT COST ESTIMATE,
2002-2010 (%)
- TABLE 126 GLOBAL MARKET SHARE FOR CATALYST REGENERATION COST ESTIMATE,
2002-2010 (%)
- ECONOMIC CONSIDERATIONS ASSOCIATED WITH PRECIOUS METAL RECOVERY FROM
SPENT CATALYSTS
- TABLE 127 MODEL CALCULATION VALUES
- TABLE 128 OPERATING COSTS
- CATALYST REGENERATION TECHNOLOGY HEALTH AND SAFETY ASPECTS
- SAFETY CONSIDERATIONS
- CORROSION CONSIDERATIONS
- SAFETY AND CORROSION CONSIDERATIONS FOR ALKYLATION TECHNOLOGY
- SAFETY AND CORROSION CONSIDERATIONS FOR FLUID CATALYTIC CRACKING
- SAFETY AND CORROSION CONSIDERATIONS FOR CATALYTIC REFORMING
- TABLE 129 SELECTED SAFETY CHARACTERISTICS OF VARIOUS PRODUCTS
- CATALYST REGENERATION TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT
- TABLE 130 TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT
- TABLE 130 (CONTINUED)
- TABLE 130 (CONTINUED)
- TABLE 130 (CONTINUED)
- TABLE 130 (CONTINUED)
- TABLE 130 (CONTINUED)
- CATALYST REGENERATION PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT AND IMPORTANT APPROACHES
- TABLE 131 PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT AND IMPORTANT APPROACHES
- TABLE 131 (CONTINUED)
- TABLE 131 (CONTINUED)
- TABLE 131 (CONTINUED)
- TABLE 131 (CONTINUED)
- CATALYST REGENERATION PROCESSES AND APPLICATIONS
- TABLE 132 PROCESSES AND APPLICATIONS
- TABLE 132 (CONTINUED)
- NEW TECHNOLOGIES
- ADVANCED DESULFURIZATION PROCESS
- IN SITU REGENERATION OF SCR CATALYST FOR COALFIRED APPLICATIONS
- RESTAURANT CHAINS CLEAR THE AIR WITH ENGELHARD TECHNOLOGY
- DEVICE FOR TESTING RISER REACTOR CATALYST ACTIVITY
- ALKYCLEAN
- TABLE 133 FEEDSTOCK EFFECTS (ESTIMATED)
- Process Scheme
- DIRECT SULFUR RECOVERY PROCESS (DSRP)
- FIGURE 56 CONCEPTURAL DSRP INTEGRATED WITH HOT COAL GAS DESULFURIZATION
- INEXPENSIVE IN SITU PREDICTIVE PERFORMANCE TOOL FOR SCR CATALYST IN
THE POWER PLANT ENVIRONMENT
- PARTICULATE MATTER FILTER TRAP REGENERATION
- Passive Regeneration
- Active Regeneration
- SELECTIVE CATALYTIC REDUCTION SYSTEM
- PLASMA FUEL REFORMER-ENABLED NOX TRAP
- INVESTMENT BY A MAJOR CATALYST REGENERATION COMPANY
- EURECAT (ALBEMARLE GROUP)
- CATALYST RECOVERY, INC. (CRI)
- TRICAT
- SCR-TECH
- ALBEMARLE
- ENGELHARD
- DEGUSSA
- AKZO NOBEL CATALYSTS
- UOP
- BRITISH PETROLEUM
- SÜD-CHEMIE
- HUNTSMAN PETROCHEMICAL CORP
- BABCOCK HITACHI K.K.
- TABLE 134 INVESTMENTS MADE BY MAJOR CATALYST REGENERATION COMPANIES,
THROUGH 2005 ($ MILLIONS)
- PATENT EVALUATION AND MAJOR DEVELOPMENTS IN CATALYST RESEARCH AND
DEVELOPMENTS ALONG THE SCURVE
- TABLE 135 PATENTS BY MAJOR R&D CATALYST COMPANY (NUMBER/YEAR)
- MAJOR DEVELOPMENTS IN CATALYST RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENTS ALONG THE
S-CURVE
- Major Developments In Catalyst....(Continued)
- FIGURE 57 MAJOR DEVELOPMENTS IN CATALYST RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENTS ALONG
THE S-CURVE
- FIGURE 58 DIESEL OXIDATION FILTER
- RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT LEADERS
- DEGUSSA
- CRI (SHELL CHEMICALS)
- BASF
- UOP
- HALDOR TOPSOE
- SÜD-CHEMIE
- IFP
- TOTAL S.A.
- BABCOCK-HITACHI KK
- TABLE 136 RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT SPENDING BY COMPANY, THROUGH 2005 ($
MILLIONS)
- COMPANY PROFILES
- SPENT CATALYST REGENERATION, RECYCLING AND REACTOR MANAGEMENT
- A-1 SPECIALIZED SERVICES & SUPPLIES, INC.
- ABB USA - CHEMICALS
- ACTIVATED METALS & CHEMICALS GROUP (AMC)
- ADVANCED REFINING TECHNOLOGIES, LLC (ART)
- AIR PRODUCTS AND CHEMICALS, INC.
- AIR LIQUIDE
- AKZO NOBEL CATALYSTS
- ALBEMARLE CORP
- ALCOA
- AXENS-IFP GROUP TECHNOLOGIES
- ARVINMERITOR, INC
- BABCOCK-HITACHI K.K.
- BASF
- BRITISH PETROLEUM (BP)
- BUCHEN-ICS
- CAMERON ENVIRONMENTAL
- CAT TECH, INC
- CATAL INTERNATIONAL, LTD
- CATALYST RECOVERY, INC. (CRI CATALYST CO.)
- CATALYST TRADING CO., LTD
- CATALYTICA ENERGY SYSTEMS
- CHENGDU SIO CHEMICAL
- CHEVRON LUMMUS GLOBAL (CLG)
- CROMPTON CORP
- CLEAN DIESEL TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
- CONOCOPHILLIPS
- CONTRACT RESOURCES
- CORTEC CORP
- CRI/CRITERION CATALYST CO., LTD
- CRITERION CATALYSTS
- CRYSTAPHASE TECHNOLOGY
- DEGUSSA CATALYSTS CORP.
- DOW CHEMICAL
- DUPONT
- EAS, INC.
- ENBW INGENIEURE GMBH
- ENGELHARD
- EQUILIBRIUM CATALYST, INC (ECI)
- ETHYL CORP
- EURECAT US, INC.
- EXXONMOBIL RESEARCH CO.
- FEDERAL CONTAINER CORP.
- FILTRA CATALYSTS AND CHEMICALS, LTD.
- FISHER SCIENTIFIC
- GEMINI INDUSTRIES, INC.
- GRACE DAVISON
- GULF PETROLEUM EXCHANGE
- HALDOR TOPSOE A/S
- HERA, LLC
- HUNTSMAN CORP.
- IDAHO NATIONAL ENGINEERING AND ENVIRONMENTAL LABORATORY
- INDIAN PETROCHEMICAL CORP. (IPC)
- IFP
- INTERCAT, INC.
- INEOS OXIDE
- ITS CALEB BRETT
- JEANBLANC INTERNATIONAL, INC.
- JIANGYIN JINMA SOLVENT CHEMICALS CO., LTD
- JOHNSON MATTHEY CHEMICALS
- JOHNSON MATTHEY PLC
- KWH
- LAROCHE INDUSTRIES, INC.
- LEMETRIX SOLUTIONS, LLC
- METALLURG VANADIUM
- MIDWEST CUSTOM CHEMICALS, INC.
- MONSANTO ENVIRO-CHEM SYSTEMS
- MOXBA
- MULTIMETCO, INC.
- NALCO CHEMICAL CO
- NIKKI CHEMICALS CO., LTD.
- OCCIDENTAL PETROLEUM CORP.
- ORYXE ENERGY
- OXYCHEM
- PETROVAL
- PM RECOVERY, INC.
- PROTEC INTERNATIONAL
- RELIANCE PETROLEUM, LTD.
- ROYAL DUTCH/SHELL GROUP
- RPA PROCESS TECHNOLOGIES
- SABIN METAL CORP.
- SACHTLEBEN
- SASOL, LTD.
- SCR SPENT CATALYST RECYCLING
- SCR-TECH
- SFVIC, LTD.
- SHELL CHEMICALS
- SÜD-CHEMIE AG
- STATOIL
- TECHNIVAC, LTD.
- TRICAT, INC
- TOTAL S.A.
- UOP LLC
- UNICAT CATALYST TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
- W.R. GRACE & CO
- W.C. HERAEUS GMBH & CO. KG
- ZEOLYST INTERNATIONAL
- WASTE MANAGEMENT SERVICES AND PRODUCTS
- PROWASTE, INC
- ENVIRONMENTAL RECYCLING ALTERNATIVES, INC. (ERA)
- ECS REFINING
- AGMET METALS
- GULF COAST HYDROCARBONS, INC.
- RCT, INC.
- FORTUNE PLASTIC & METAL, INC.
- TOTAL RECYCLING TECHNOLOGIES
- APPERTAIN CORP.
- FLOW METERS, FLOW COMPUTERS AND FLOW INDICATORS
- EMERSON PROCESS MANAGEMENT
- SAGE METERING, INC
- YOKOGAWA CORP. OF AMERICA
- SIEMENS ENERGY & AUTOMATION, INC.
- ALICAT SCIENTIFIC
- CATALYST REGENERATION INSTRUMENTATION AND CONTROL COMPONENTS
- HONEYWELL INTERNATIONAL
- PARKER INSTRUMENTATION
- DAVIDSON INSTRUMENTS
- EXTECH INSTRUMENTS
- POWER GENERATORS
- AMERICAN ELECTRIC POWER (AEP)
- SOUTHERN COMPANY
LIST OF TABLES
- SUMMARY TABLE GLOBAL MARKET FORECAST FOR CATALYST REGENERATION BY SITE
TECHNOLOGY, THROUGH 2010 ($ MILLIONS)
- TABLE 1 GLOBAL MARKET FORECAST DEMAND FOR CATALYSTS, THROUGH 2010 ($
MILLIONS)
- TABLE 2 GLOBAL MARKET FORECAST FOR REGENERATED CATALYSTS AS A PERCENTAGE
OF TOTAL CATALYST DEMAND, THROUGH 2010 (%)
- TABLE 3 COST OF FRESH AND REGENERATED CATALYSTS ($/LB)
- TABLE 4 GLOBAL MARKET FORECAST FOR COST OF SPENT CATALYST USE BY OPTION,
THROUGH 2010 ($/LB)
- TABLE 5 OVERVIEW OF SERVICES VALUE IN CATALYST MANAGEMENT ACTIVITY (%)
- TABLE 6 OVERVIEW OF REGENERATED CATALYST CHARACTERISTICS AND PROPERTIES
- TABLE 7 PREBURNING IMPROVES SAMPLING ACCURACY
- TABLE 8 TYPICAL CATALYST DATA REPORT
- TABLE 9 GLOBAL MARKET FORECAST OVERVIEW OF REGENERATED CATALYST DEMAND BY
ECONOMIC SECTOR, THROUGH 2010 ($ MILLIONS)
- TABLE 10 GLOBAL MARKET FORECAST OF ENERGY CONSUMPTION BY FUEL TYPE,
THROUGH 2010 (QUADRILLION BTU PER YEAR)
- TABLE 11 OVERVIEW OF WORLD KEY ECONOMIC INDICATORS, 2002-2010 (% GROWTH)
- TABLE 12 OVERVIEW OF WORLDWIDE GDP AND GDP GROWTH
- TABLE 13 OVERVIEW OF INTERNATIONAL CURRENCY EXCHANGE RATES, THROUGH 2005
- TABLE 14 OVERVIEW OF NICKEL AND STEEL METAL PRICES (INDEX: JANUARY 1998 =
1.0)
- TABLE 15 ALUMINUM, COBALT, COPPER, ZINC, TIN, CHROMIUM AND MOLYBDENUM
METAL PRICE FORECASTS*, THROUGH 2005 (¢/LB)
- TABLE 16 PLATINUM GROUP METAL PRICE FORECASTS, THROUGH 2005 ($/OZ)
- TABLE 17 OPERATING COST INDEX FOR HF AND H2SO4, THROUGH 2005 (BASED ON
1956 = 100.0)
- TABLE 18 COST OF RARE EARTHS AND MAGNESIUM, THROUGH 2005
- TABLE 19 COMPARISON OF SPENT CATALYSTS FROM VARIOUS SOURCES (% W/W)
- TABLE 20 SIGNIFICANCE OF CATALYST PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- TABLE 21 OVERVIEW OF THE CAUSE AND EFFECT OF CATALYST ACTIVITY
DETERIORATION
- TABLE 22 CATALYST REGENATION: ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES
- TABLE 23 SULFUR LIMITS IN SELECT COUNTRIES (PARTS PER MILLION)
- TABLE 24 THE EVOLUTION OF AUTO EMISSION STANDARDS IN THE U.S. (GRAMS
POLLUTANT PER MILE)
- TABLE 25 GLOBAL MARKET FORECAST FOR REGENERATED CATALYST REGION/MARKET BY
SEGMENT, THROUGH 2010 ($ MILLIONS)
- TABLE 26 SECTOR/PRODUCT MATRIX
- TABLE 27 OVERVIEW OF GLOBAL DEMAND FOR CATALYST REGENERATION BY REGION,
THROUGH 2005 ($ MILLIONS)
- TABLE 28 CHARACTERISTICS OF FRESH, SPENT AND REGENERATED CATALYSTS
- TABLE 29 CHEMICAL COMPOSITION (WT %) OF SPENT CATALYST AND OTHER RAW
MATERIALS
- TABLE 30 COMPOSITION OF SPENT NICKEL CATALYSTS USED IN HYDROGENATION OF
EDIBLE FATS AND OILS (%)
- TABLE 31 COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH OF CONCRETE CUBES PREPARED FROM SYNTHETIC
AND NATURAL AGGREGATES
- TABLE 32 TYPICAL PILOT PLANT TEST SUMMARY
- TABLE 33 GLOBAL MARKET FORECAST FOR SPENT CATALYST REGENERATION/METAL
RECOVERY/DISPOSAL ECONOMICS, THROUGH 2010
- TABLE 34 REGENERATED CATALYST RESALE ECONOMICS
- TABLE 35 A CHANGING CATALYST INDUSTRY MARKET STRUCTURE (%)
- TABLE 36 SUPPLIER OFFERINGS (2005)
- TABLE 37 CATALYST OPERATING CONDITIONS
- TABLE 38 LABORATORY TEST RESULTS (%)
- TABLE 39 SUMMARY OF SCOPE OF WORK
- TABLE 40 TEST CONDITIONS FOR REGENERATED SCR CATALYST
- TABLE 41 PRODUCT PERFORMANCE OBTAINED
- TABLE 42 CATALYST REGENERATION INDUSTRY CONCENTRATION BY
COMPANY/APPLICATION SECTOR, 2005 (%)
- TABLE 43 MARKET LEADERSHIP BY GEOGRAPHIC REGION, 2005
- TABLE 44 COMPANY CATALYST REGENERATION SEGMENTATION BY SERVICE, 2005
- TABLE 45 JOHNSON MATTHEY REFINING CATALYST RESIDUE AND METAL MANAGEMENT
SERVICES
- TABLE 46 MOST FREQUENTLY REQUESTED TOTAL CATALYST MANAGEMENT SERVICES
- TABLE 47 CATALYST REGENERATION SEGMENTATION BY TECHNOLOGY, 2005
- TABLE 48 COMPETITIVE RATES FOR THE CATALYST REGENERATION INDUSTRY ($
MILLIONS)
- TABLE 49 CORPORATE MERGERS AND ACQUISITIONS
- TABLE 50 GLOBAL MARKET FORECAST OF DEMAND FOR CATALYTS REGENERATION BY
REGION, THROUGH 2010 ($ MILLIONS)
- TABLE 51 NORTH AMERICAN MARKET FORECAST FOR THE REGENERATED CATALYST
MARKET BY SECTOR, THROUGH 2010 ($ MILLIONS)
- TABLE 52 EUROPEAN MARKET FORECAST FOR DEMAND FOR REGENERATED CATALYSTS BY
USE, THROUGH 2010 ($ MILLIONS)
- TABLE 53 ASIAN MARKET FORECAST DEMAND FOR REGENERATED CATALYSTS BY USE,
THROUGH 2010 ($ MILLIONS)
- TABLE 54 R-O-W MARKET FORECAST DEMAND FOR REGENERATED CATALYSTS BY USE,
THROUGH 2010 ($ MILLIONS)
- TABLE 55 REST-OF-WORLD MARKET FORECAST DEMAND FOR REGENERATED CATALYSTS BY
TYPE, THROUGH 2010 ($ MILLIONS)
- TABLE 56 GLOBAL CASH OPERATING MARGINS IN CRUDE OIL REFINING, 2005
- TABLE 57 TRENDS IN CRUDE OIL REFINING MARGINS ($/BARREL)
- TABLE 58 TRENDS IN CRUDE OIL QUALITY PROCESSED IN U.S. REFINERIES,THROUGH
2001
- TABLE 59 GLOBAL REFINERY CAPACITY TRENDS (THOUSANDS OF BARRELS OF CRUDE
OIL PER/DAY)
- TABLE 60 CATALYST REGENERATION TRENDS, THROUGH 2000 (%)
- TABLE 61 TRENDS IN AVERAGE ANNUAL PRICES1 OF SELECTED METALS, 1994-2001
- TABLE 62 SPENT AUTOCATALYST METAL RECOVERY TRENDS (THOUSAND OUNCES)
- TABLE 63 GLOBAL POWER PLANT MARKET SHARE TRENDS BY REGION* (% SHARE)
- TABLE 64 GLOBAL POWER PLANT MARKET SHARE TRENDS BY FACILITY TYPE* (% SHARE)
- TABLE 65 CATALYST COMPANY MARKET CAPITALIZATION AND KEY PERFORMANCE
INDICATORS, 2005
- TABLE 66 PETROLEUM REFINING COMPANY MARKET CAPITALIZATION AND KEY
PERFORMANCE INDICATORS, 2005
- TABLE 67 CHEMICAL AND POLYMERIZATION COMPANY MARKET CAPITALIZATION AND KEY
PERFORMANCE INDICATORS, 2005
- TABLE 68 POWER GENERATION COMPANY MARKET CAPITALIZATION AND KEY
PERFORMANCE INDICATORS, 2005
- TABLE 69 AUTOMOTIVE COMPANY MARKET CAPITALIZATION AND KEY PERFORMANCE
INDICATORS, 2005
- TABLE 70 ULTRA-LOW SULFUR DIESEL COMMERCIAL UNITS
- TABLE 71 CONSTRUCTION OF ULTRA-LOW SULFUR DIESEL REFINERIES
- TABLE 72 MARKET LEADERS IN INSTRUMENTATION AND CONTROL COMPONENTS, 2004
- TABLE 73 MARKET LEADERS IN SOFTWARE COMPONENTS FOR CATALYST REGENERATION,
2004
- TABLE 74 COMPANY RESULTS ($ MILLIONS/WORLDWIDE SALES)
- TABLE 75 COST COMPARISON: REGENERATION VS. BUYING NEW CATALYST
- TABLE 76 WAYS TO MEASURE CATALYTIC ACTIVITY AND POTENTIAL
- TABLE 77 DEMAND FOR CATALYST REGENERATION MANAGEMENT BY SERVICE (VALUE = %
OF FRESH CATALYST PRICE)
- TABLE 78 GLOBAL MAKRET FORECAST DEMAND FOR SPENT CATALYST REGENERATION
TYPE, THROUGH 2010 ($ MILLIONS)
- TABLE 79 GLOBAL MARKET FORECAST DEMAND FOR STANDARD CATALYST REGENERATION
BY OPERATION, THROUGH 2010 ($ MILLIONS)
- TABLE 80 GLOBAL MARKET FORECAST DEMAND FOR TURNAROUND CATALYST
REGENERATION BY OPERATION, THROUGH 2010 ($ MILLIONS)
- TABLE 81 DEMAND FOR PRERECLAMATION CATALYST REGENERATION BY OPERATION.
THROUGH 2010 ($ MILLIONS)
- TABLE 82 GLOBAL FORECAST OF DEMAND FOR REGENERATED CATALYSTS BY PRODUCT,
THROUGH 2010 ($ MILLIONS)
- TABLE 83 GLOBAL MARKET FORECAST FOR REGENERATED CATALYSTS BY SECTOR,
THROUGH 2010 ($ MILLIONS)
- TABLE 84 GLOBAL MARKET FORECAST FOR CATALTIC REFINERY PROCESSING CAPACITY,
THROUGH 2010 (MILLION BARRELS PER CALENDAR DAY)
- TABLE 85 GLOBAL MARKET FORECAST DEMAND FOR CATALYST REGENERATION IN CRUDE
OIL REFINING BY PROCESS, THROUGH 2010 ($ MILLIONS)
- TABLE 86 GLOBAL MARKET FORECAST FOR CATALYTIC HYDROTREATING DEMAND FOR
REGENERATED CATALYSTS BY DEPLOYMENT, THROUGH 2010 ($ MILLIONS)
- TABLE 87 CONVENTIONAL AND IMPROVED HYDROTREATING AND HYDROPROCESSING
CATALYSTS FOR DIESEL PRODUCTION
- TABLE 88 FCC DEMAND FOR REGENERATED CATALYSTS BY DEPLOYMENT, THROUGH 2010
($ MILLIONS)
- TABLE 89 CONVENTIONAL AND IMPROVED FCC CATALYSTS FOR GASOLINE PRODUCTION
- TABLE 90 GLOBAL MARKET FORECAST FOR CATALYTIC REFORMING DEMAND FOR
REGENERATED CATALYSTS, THROUGH 2010 ($ MILLIONS)
- TABLE 91 CONVENTIONAL AND IMPROVED REFORMING CATALYSTS FOR GASOLINE
PRODUCTION
- TABLE 92 GLOBAL MARKET FORECAST FOR CATALYTIC HYDROCRACKING DEMAND FOR
REGENERATED CATALYSTS BY DEPLOYMENT, THROUGH 2010 ($ MILLIONS)
- TABLE 93 CONVENTIONAL AND IMPROVED HYDROCRACKING CATALYSTS FOR RESIDUE
CONVERSION AND LOW-SULFUR FUEL OIL PRODUCTION
- TABLE 94 GLOBAL MARKET FORECAST DEMAND FOR REGENERATED CATALYSTS BY
ALKYLATION AND ISOMERIZATION, THROUGH 2010 ($ MILLIONS)
- TABLE 95 CONVENTIONAL AND IMPROVED ALKYLATION AND ISOMERIZATION CATALYSTS
FOR GASOLINE PRODUCTION
- TABLE 96 GLOBAL MARKET FORECAST DEMAND FOR REGENERATION CATALYSTS BY
CHEMICAL, THROUGH 2010 ($ MILLIONS)
- TABLE 97 EXAMPLES OF CATALYTIC HYDROGENATIONS IN CHEMICALS AND
PETROCHEMICALS USING BASE AND PRECIOUS METAL CATALYSTS
- TABLE 98 GLOBLA MARKET FORECAST DEMAND FOR REGENERATION CATALYSTS BY
CHEMICAL SYNTHESIS TYPE, THROUGH 2010 ($ MILLIONS)
- TABLE 99 GLOBAL MARKET FORECAST DEMAND FOR REGENERATION CATALYSTS BY
POLYMERIZATION TYPE, THROUGH 2010 ($ MILLIONS)
- TABLE 100 GLOBAL MARKET FORECAST DEMAND FOR SPENT AUTOCATALYST
PRERECLAMATION REGENERATION BY METAL TYPE, THROUGH 2010 ($ MILLIONS)
- TABLE 101 GLOBAL MARKET FORECAST DEMAND FOR FLUE GAS AND WASTE CATALYST
SUPPLY BY PROCESS, THROUGH 2010 ($ MILLIONS)
- TABLE 102 GLOBAL MARKET FORECAST FOR REGENERATED CATALYST MANAGEMENT BY
ACTIVITY COST, THROUGH 2010 ($/LB)
- TABLE 103 TYPICAL CATALYST MANAGEMENT (%)
- TABLE 104 SCR CATALYST MANAGEMENT*
- TABLE 105 MEASURES TO LIMIT COKE FORMATION IN VARIOUS REACTOR TYPES
- TABLE 106 CHARACTERIZATION OF SPENT EBZ-500 AS RECEIVED AND AFTER
LABORATORY REGENERATION
- TABLE 107 MASS BALANCE OF THE COMMERCIAL REGENERATION OF A TWO-BED REACTOR
OF EBZ-500 CATALYST UNLOADED FROM A EUROPEAN UNIT (% OF CATALYST)
- TABLE 108 ANALYSIS OF SPENT, LABORATORY AND INDUSTRIALLY REGENERATED
CATALYST
- TABLE 109 PERFORMANCE OF FRESH AND REGENERATED EBZ-500 CATALYST IN THE
COMMERCIAL UNIT
- TABLE 110 EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURE FOR H2-CHEMISORPTION MEASUREMENTS
- TABLE 111 COMPARISON OF TEST GAS MIXTURE FOR ACTIVITY MEASUREMENTS
- TABLE 112 GLOBAL MARKET FORECAST FOR CATALYST REGENERATION BY DEACTIVATION
TECHNOLOGY, THROUGH 2010 ($ MILLIONS)
- TABLE 112 (CONTINUED)
- TABLE 113 GLOBAL MARKET FORECAST DEMAND FOR CATALYST REGENERATION BY TYPE
OF COMMERCIAL SPENT CATALYST GENERATION REACTION, THROUGH 2010 ($ MILLIONS)
- TABLE 114 COMMERCIAL SPENT CATALYST GENERATION GASPHASE REACTIONS/REACTORS
- TABLE 115 GLOBAL MARKET FORECAST DEMAND FOR CATALYST REGENERATION IN
GAS-PHASE REACTION BY COMMERCIAL SPENT CATALYST GENERATION REACTORS, THROUGH
2010 ($ MILLIONS)
- TABLE 116 COMMERCIAL SPENT-CATALYST GENERATION GASLIQUID REACTIONS AND
REACTORS
- TABLE 117 GLOBAL MARKET FORECAST DEMAND FOR CATALYST REGENERATION IN
GAS-LIQUID REACTION BY COMMERCIAL SPENT CATALYST GENERATION REACTORS, THROUGH
2010 ($ MILLIONS)
- TABLE 118 GLOBAL MARKET FORECAST DEMAND FOR CATALYST REGENERATION IN
LIQUID-LIQUID REACTION BY COMMERCIAL SPENT CATALYST GENERATION REACTORS,
THROUGH 2010 ($ MILLIONS)
- TABLE 119 GLOBAL MARKET FORECAST FOR CATALYST REGENERATION DEMAND BY SITE
TECHNOLOGY, THROUGH 2010 ($ MILLIONS)
- TABLE 120 GLOBAL MARKET FORECAST DEMAND FOR OFF-SITE CATALYST REGENERATION
BY PROCESS TECHNOLOGY, THROUGH 2010 ($ MILLIONS)
- TABLE 121 ON-SITE CATALYST REGENERATION TECHNOLOGY
- TABLE 122 GLOBAL MARKET FORECAST DEMAND FOR ON-SITE SPENT CATALYST
REGENERATION BY PROCESS TECHNOLOGY, THROUGH 2010 ($ MILLIONS)
- TABLE 123 GLOBAL MARKET FORECAST DEMAND FOR REGENERATED CATALYST BY
MATERIAL TECHNOLOGY, THROUGH 2010 ($ MILLIONS)
- TABLE 124 GLOBAL MARKET FORECAST DEMAND FOR REGENERATED CATALYSTS BY
DEPLOYMENT TECHNOLOGY, THROUGH 2010 ($ MILLIONS)
- TABLE 125 GLOBAL MARKET SHARE FOR CATALYST REPLACEMENT COST ESTIMATE,
2002-2010 (%)
- TABLE 126 GLOBAL MARKET SHARE FOR CATALYST REGENERATION COST ESTIMATE,
2002-2010 (%)
- TABLE 127 MODEL CALCULATION VALUES
- TABLE 128 OPERATING COSTS
- TABLE 129 SELECTED SAFETY CHARACTERISTICS OF VARIOUS PRODUCTS
- TABLE 130 TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT
- TABLE 131 PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT AND IMPORTANT APPROACHES
- TABLE 132 PROCESSES AND APPLICATIONS
- TABLE 133 FEEDSTOCK EFFECTS (ESTIMATED)
- TABLE 134 INVESTMENTS MADE BY MAJOR CATALYST REGENERATION COMPANIES,
THROUGH 2005 ($ MILLIONS)
- TABLE 135 PATENTS BY MAJOR R&D CATALYST COMPANY (NUMBER/YEAR)
- TABLE 136 RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT SPENDING BY COMPANY, THROUGH 2005 ($
MILLIONS)
LIST OF FIGURES
- SUMMARY FIGURE GLOBAL MARKET FORECAST FOR CATALYST REGENERATION BY SITE
TECHNOLOGY, 2002-2010 ($ MILLIONS)
- FIGURE 1 ROTO-LOUVRE CATALYST REGENERATION TECHNOLOGY FIGURE 2 MOVING-BELT
OVEN EX SITU CATALYST REGENERATION PROCESS
- FIGURE 3 SCR REGENERATION STRATEGIES
- FIGURE 4 SCR-TECH CATALYST REGENERATION DEVELOPMENT, 1996-2004
- FIGURE 5 SCR-TECH REGENERATION EXPERIENCE
- FIGURE 6 RHENIUM METAL PRICES
- FIGURE 7 AGEING-INDUCED STRUCTURAL AND CHEMICAL CHANGES IN AUTOMOTIVE
EXHAUST CATALYST
- FIGURE 8 QUARTELY FOREIGN GROSS REFINING MARGINS, 2002- 2005
- FIGURE 9 STRUCTURE AND SUPPLY CHAIN OF THE CATALYST REGENERATION BUSINESS
- FIGURE 10 TYPICAL LABORATORY SPENT CATALYST REGENERATION/REJUVENATION
PROCESS FLOW DIAGRAM
- FIGURE 11 COMPARISON OF SPENT AND REGENERATED CATALYST PERFORMANCE
- FIGURE 12 ACTIVITY (K) IN COMPARISON TO FACTORY NEW ACTIVITY (K0) BEFORE
AND AFTER REGENERATION (SAMPLES)
- FIGURE 13 EFFECT OF FIRING TEMPERATURES ON METALS LEACHING FROM SYNTHETIC
AGGREGATE MATERIALS
- FIGURE 14 EFFECT OF FIRING TEMPERATURES ON COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH OF
SYNTHETIC AGGREGATE MATERIALS
- FIGURE 15 CHALLENGES FACING KEY PLAYERS IN THE CATALYST REGENERATION
BUSINESS CHAIN
- FIGURE 16 PERFORMANCE OF REGENERATED KF 757 VS. FRESH KF 757: CUSTOMER A
- FIGURE 17 PERFORMANCE OF REGENERATED KF 757 VS. FRESH AND REGENERATED KF
756: CUSTOMER B
- FIGURE 18 PERFORMANCE OF REGENERATED KF 757 VS. FRESH KF 757 AND
REGENERATED KF 756: CUSTOMER C
- FIGURE 19 PERFORMANCE OF REGENERATED KF 757 VS. FRESH KF 757: CUSTOMER D
- FIGURE 20 HISTORY OF BHK ACTIVITY IN SCR CATALYST REGENERATION
- FIGURE 21 REGENERATION SCHEDULE
- FIGURE 22 SCR-TECH CATALYST REGENERATION MANAGEMENT SERVICES
- FIGURE 23 THE PRECIOUS METAL LOOP
- FIGURE 24 COMPLETED CATALYST MANAGEMENT PROJECTS, 1998- 2003
- FIGURE 25 THE TRICAT XPRESS REGENERATION PROCESS
- FIGURE 26 EURECAT ROTOLOUVRE REGENERATION TECHNOLOGY
- FIGURE 27 MOVING-BELT CATALYST REGENERATION PROCESS
- FIGURE 28 AN EFFCIENT DEIONIZED WATER-BASED, CLOSED-LOOP SYSTEM FOR
REMOVAL OF SOLUBLE CATALYST POISONS AND SURFACE-BINDING LAYERS WHILE CATALYST
MODULES REMAIN IN THE SCR REACTOR
- FIGURE 29 JOHNSON MATTHEY AQUACAT PROCESS FOR RECOVERY OF PRECIOUS METAL
CATALYSTS
- FIGURE 30 BABCOCK HITACHI K.K. REGENERATION PROCESS
- FIGURE 31 WORLD TRENDS IN NOMINAL CRUDE OIL PRICES, 1970-2005
- FIGURE 32 BETTER THAN NEW
- FIGURE 33 COMPARED TO NEW CATALYST, REGENERATED CATALYST CONVERTS LESS
SULFUR DIOXIDE (SO2) TO SULFURE TRIOXIDE (SO3)
- FIGURE 34 AN OPTIMIZED CATALYST MANAGEMENT PROCESS TAKES INTO ACCOUNT MORE
VARIABLES THAN MIGHT BE EXPECTED
- FIGURE 35 STEPS IN CATALYST MANAGEMENT INVOLVING THE OPTIMIZATION OF A
WIDE RANGE OF PARAMETERS
- FIGURE 36 CATALYST MANAGEMENT PLAN SHOWING PARAMETERS
- FIGURE 37 MULTIPOINT AUTOMATED SAMPLING SYSTEM (MASS) USED FOR AMMONIA
INJECTION GRID TURNING
- FIGURE 38 DRY CLEANING USING VACUUMING/AIR LANCING CAN REPLACE CATALYST
FOULING DUE TO BUILDUP OF LARGE PARTICLE ASH AND ASH FINES
- FIGURE 39 ASH REMOVAL
- FIGURE 40 VACUUMING
- FIGURE 41 WASHING WITH A CLEANING SOLUTION
- FIGURE 42 BUBBLING AND AERATION UNDER PRESSURE
- FIGURE 43 AKZO NOBEL CATALYST MANAGEMENT STRATEGIES
- FIGURE 44 EURECAT CATALYST MANAGEMENT STRATEGIES
- FIGURE 45 TYPICAL SCR CATALYST MANAGEMENT PLAN
- FIGURE 46 SCHEMATIC OF PRECIOUS METAL RECOVERY FROM SPENT CATALYSTS
- FIGURE 47 NORMAL ADD AND REPLACE SEQUENCE
- FIGURE 48 ATALYST REGENERATION SEQUENCE
- FIGURE 49 EXPERIMENTAL SETUPS FOR NO-TPD MEASUREMENTS IN A VACUUM
- FIGURE 50 X-RAY DIFFRACTOMETER SCHEMATIC
- FIGURE 51 XPS MACHINE SCHEMATIC
- FIGURE 52 X-RAY FLUORESCENCE SPECTROMETER SCHEMATIC
- FIGURE 53 EXPERIMENTAL SETUPS FOR ACTIVITY MEASUREMENTS
- FIGURE 54 DEACTIVATION MECHANISMS: A) COKE FORMATION, B) POISONING, C)
SINTERING OF ACTIVE METAL PARTICLES AND D) SINTERING AND SOLID-SOLID PHASE
TRANSITIONS OF THE WASHCOAT AND ENCAPSULATION OF ACTIVE METAL PARTICLES
- FIGURE 55 CATALYST REGENEATION SOLUTIONS TO THE PROBLEM OF RAPIDLY
DEACTIVATING CATALYSTS IN COMMERCIAL REACTOR SYSTEMS
- FIGURE 56 CONCEPTURAL DSRP INTEGRATED WITH HOT COAL GAS DESULFURIZATION
- FIGURE 57 MAJOR DEVELOPMENTS IN CATALYST RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENTS ALONG
THE S-CURVE
- FIGURE 58 DIESEL OXIDATION FILTER
|
Related Report
|
View Cart
