Report: Seawater and Brackish Water Desalination TOC

Seawater and Brackish Water Desalination
Chapter 1 - SUMMARY
- Summary Table: GLOBAL MARKET FORECAST FOR SEAWATER AND BRACKISH WATER DESALINATION PLANTS, THROUGH 2012 ($ MILLIONS)
- Summary Figure: GLOBAL MARKET FORECAST FOR SEAWATER AND BRACKISH WATER DESALINATION PLANTS, 2000-2012 ($ MILLIONS)
Chapter 2 - TECHNOLOGY OVERVIEW
- WATER QUALITY
- WATER QUANTITY
- Figure 1 DISTRIBUTION OF THE EARTH' S WATER
  - WATER QUANTITY (CONTINUED)
- Figure 2 PROJECTED GLOBAL FRESHWATER STRESS, 1995 AND 2025
  - WATER SALINITY
- Table 1 WATER SALINITY AND SUITABILITY FOR HUMAN CONSUMPTION (MG/L)
- Table 2 SALT CONCENTRATIONS OF VARIOUS GLOBAL WATERS (PPM)
- Table 3 WATER HARDNESS
  - SOURCE WATERS USED FOR DESALINATION
- Table 4 TOTAL WORLD DESALINATION CAPACITY BY SOURCE WATER TYPE (%)
- Figure 3 TOTAL WORLD DESALINATION CAPACITY BY SOURCE WATER TYPE (%)
  - DESALTED WATER END USES
- Table 5 GLOBAL DESALTED WATER END USES AS A PERCENTAGE OF TOTAL CAPACITY (%)
- Figure 4 GLOBAL DESALTED WATER END USES AS A PERCENTAGE OF TOTAL CAPACITY (%)
- DESALINATION TECHNOLOGIES
  - BRIEF HISTORY OF DESALINATION
- Figure 5 DESALINATION TECHNOLOGIES
  - MEMBRANE TECHNOLOGIES
  - THERMAL TECHNOLOGIES
- COMPARISON OF THERMAL AND MEMBRANE TECHNOLOGIES
- Table 6 COMPARISON OF PROCESS CHARACTERISTICS
  - COMPARATIVE COSTS OF DESALINATION TECHNOLOGIES
- Table 7 GLOBAL COMPARATIVE COSTS OF THERMAL AND MEMBRANE TECHNOLOGIES ($/M3)
  - GLOBAL DESALINATION INSTALLATIONS
- Table 8 GLOBAL INSTALLATIONS BY NUMBER OF PLANTS AND CAPACITY, 1945-2007 (M3)
- Figure 6 GLOBAL INSTALLATIONS BY NUMBER OF PLANTS, 1945-2007
- Figure 7 GLOBAL INSTALLATIONS BY CAPACITY, 1945-2007 (M3)
- Table 9 GLOBAL DESALINATION CAPACITY BY PLANT SIZE: OPERATING, UNDER CONSTRUCTION, AND PROPOSED, 2005 (M3/D)
- Figure 8 GLOBAL DESALINATION CAPACITY BY PLANT SIZE (M3/D)
- Figure 9 GLOBAL DESALINATION CAPACITY BY NUMBER OF PLANTS
- Table 10 GLOBAL MARKET BY TECHNOLOGY TYPE (%)
- Figure 10 GLOBAL MARKET BY TECHNOLOGY TYPE (%)
Chapter 3 - MEMBRANE TECHNOLOGIES
- REVERSE OSMOSIS
- Table 11 MEMBRANE MANUFACTURERS AND PRODUCTS
  - NANOFILTRATION
  - ELECTRODIALYSIS
  - COST OF TECHNOLOGIES
    - CAPITAL COSTS
- Table 12 GLOBAL CAPITAL COSTS OF MEMBRANE DESALINATION BY TECHNOLOGY TYPE (AVG. $/GAL. BY PLANT SIZE)
  - OPERATING COSTS
    - Operating Costs (Continued)
- Table 13 COST ALLOCATION OF DESALINATING BRACKISH WATER WITH RO (%)
- Figure 11 COST ALLOCATION OF DESALINATING BRACKISH WATER BY RO (%)
- Table 14 COST ALLOCATION OF DESALINATING SEAWATER WITH RO(%)
- Figure 12 COST ALLOCATION OF DESALINATING SEAWATER BY RO (%)
COST TRENDS
- Figure 13 GLOBAL COST TRENDS FOR MEMBRANE DESALINATION INCLUDING DEBT SERVICE AND OPERATING EXPENSES, 1980-2010 ($/1,000 GALS.)
- Figure 14 SEAWATER ELEMENT COST, 1978-2005 ($/1,000 GALS.)
- Table 15 GLOBAL SEAWATER DESALINATION COST REDUCTIONS, 1991-2006
- Figure 15 GLOBAL SEAWATER DESALINATION COST REDUCTIONS, 1991-2006 ($/1,000 GALS.)
- Table 16 TEN LARGEST SWRO PLANTS AS OF SEPTEMBER 2007
MARKET SHARE
- Table 17 GLOBAL MEMBRANE MANUFACTURER MARKET SHARES, 2007 (%)
- Figure 16 GLOBAL MEMBRANE MANUFACTURER MARKET SHARES, 2007 (%)
MARKET VALUE BY MEMBRANE TECHNOLOGY TYPE
- Table 18 GLOBAL MARKET FORECAST BY MEMBRANE TECHNOLOGY TYPE, THROUGH 2012 ($ MILLIONS)
- Figure 17 GLOBAL MARKET FORECAST BY MEMBRANE TECHNOLOGY TYPE, 2000-2012 ($ MILLIONS)
Chapter 4 - THERMAL TECHNOLOGIES
- MULTISTAGE FLASH DISTILLATION
  - COST
- Table 19 COST ALLOCATION OF DESALINATED WATER PRODUCTIONWITH MSF (%)
- Figure 18 COST ALLOCATION OF DESALINATED WATER PRODUCTIONWITH MSF (%)
- Figure 19 GLOBAL MSF DESALINATION COST TRENDS, 1955-2005 ($/GAL.)
  - MULTI-EFFECT DISTILLATION
COST
- Table 20 COST ALLOCATION OF DESALINATED WATER PRODUCTIONWITH MED(%)
- Figure 20 COST ALLOWANCE OF DESALINATED WATER PRODUCTIONWITH MED(%)
  - VAPOR COMPRESSION
  - MARKET VALUE BY THERMAL TECHNOLOGY TYPE
- Table 21 GLOBAL MARKET FORECAST BY THERMAL TECHNOLOGY TYPE,THROUGH 2012 ($ MILLIONS)
- Figure 21 GLOBAL MARKET FORECAST BY THERMAL TECHNOLOGY TYPE,2000-2012 ($ MILLIONS)
- Chapter 5 - OTHER TECHNOLOGIES
  - CRYSTALLIZATION
    - FREEZING
  - GAS HYDRATE PROCESSES
- MEMBRANE DISTILLATION
  - MEMSTILL
- SOLAR HUMIDIFICATION
- FLOW-THROUGH CAPACITOR
- ION EXCHANGE
- MARKET VALUE OF OTHER TECHNOLOGIES
- Table 22 GLOBAL MARKET FORECAST FOR OTHER TECHNOLOGIES, THROUGH 2012 ($ MILLIONS)
- Figure 22 GLOBAL MARKET FORECAST FOR OTHER TECHNOLOGIES, 2000-2012 ($ MILLIONS)
Chapter 6 - WORLD MARKETS FOR DESALINATION
- Figure 23 WORLD WATER WITHDRAWALS BY SECTOR (%)
- Figure 23 (CONTINUED)
- Table 23 ABSOLUTE WATER STRESS OR SHORTAGE IN THE 20 MOST AFFECTED COUNTRIES, PROJECTED TO 2025
- Table 24 WATER STRESS OR SHORTAGE IN THE 20 MOST POPULOUS COUNTRIES, PROJECTED TO 2025
  - WORLD MARKET BY REGION
- Table 25 MEMBRANE AND THERMAL DESALINATION CAPACITY BY WORLD REGION, 2007 (M3/D)
- Figure 24 INSTALLED MEMBRANE AND THERMAL DESALINATION CAPACITY BY WORLD REGION, 2007 (M3/D)
- Table 26 COUNTRIESWORLDWIDE WITH THE LARGEST INSTALLED DESALINATION CAPACITY, 2007 (M3/D)
- Figure 25 COUNTRIES WORLDWIDE WITH THE LARGEST INSTALLED DESALINATION CAPACITY, 2007 (M3/D)
- Table 27 MARKET FORECAST BY WORLD REGION, THROUGH 2012 ($ MILLIONS)
- Figure 26 MARKET FORECAST BY WORLD REGION, 2000-2012 ($ MILLIONS)
  - NORTH AMERICA
  - Economic Trends
  - Water Needs
- Figure 27 TOTAL U.S. FRESHWATER WITHDRAWALS BY STATE, 2000(MGD)
  - Desalination Capacity
- Table 28 U.S. DESALINATION CAPACITY SHARE BY SOURCE WATER TYPE (%)
- Figure 28 U.S. DESALINATION CAPACITY SHARE BY SOURCE WATER TYPE (%)
- Table 29 U.S. DESALINATION CAPACITY SHARE BY TECHNOLOGY TYPE (%)
- Figure 29 U.S. DESALINATION CAPACITY SHARE BY TECHNOLOGY TYPE (%)
- Table 30 U.S. STATES WITH THE LARGEST INSTALLED DESALINATION CAPACITY, 2007 (M3/D)
- Table 30 (CONTINUED)
- Figure 30 U.S. STATES WITH THE LARGEST INSTALLED DESALINATION CAPACITY, 2007 (M3/D)
  - OUTLOOK
    - The Heartland
- Figure 31 POTENTIALLY USABLE WATER FROM U.S. SALINE AQUIFERS
  - The Mid-Atlantic
  - Oil, Gas, and Coal Basins
  - Inland Urban Areas
  - Coastal Urban Areas
  - Florida
    - The Tampa Bay Experience
    - The Tampa Bay ý (Continued)
  - California
- Figure 32 CALIFORNIA' S PROPOSED SEAWATER DESALINATION PLANTS
  - Texas
    - Texas (Continued)
- Figure 33 TEXAS' PROPOSED DESALINATION PLANTS
  - VALUE OF THE NORTH AMERICAN MARKET
    - VALUE OF THE NORTH AMERICAN ý (CONTINUED)
- Table 31 NORTH AMERICAN MARKET FORECAST BY TECHNOLOGY,THROUGH 2012 ($ MILLIONS)
- Figure 34 NORTH AMERICAN MARKET FORECAST BY TECHNOLOGY, 2000-2012 ($ MILLIONS)
  - EUROPE
    - ECONOMIC TRENDS
    - WATER NEEDS
- Figure 35 AVAILABLE WATER, WATER WITHDRAWALS, AND POPULATION GROWTH IN SELECTED EUROPEAN COUNTRIES, 2007
  - SPAIN
    - Outlook
  - ITALY
    - Outlook
  - MALTA
    - Outlook
  - CYPRUS
    - Outlook
  - GREECE
    - Outlook
  - U.K.
    - Outlook
- INSTALLED CAPACITY
- Table 32 EUROPE' S INSTALLED CAPACITY BY COUNTRY, 2007 (M3/D)
- Figure 36 EUROPE' S INSTALLED CAPACITY (M3/D) BY COUNTRY, 2007 (%)
  - CONTRIBUTION OF RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCE (RES) DESALINATION IN EUROPE
  - Table 33 RES-POWERED DESALINATION PLANTS IN EU-15 COUNTRIES, 2006 (M3/D)
  - VALUE OF THE EUROPEAN MARKET
    - Value of the European Market (Continued)
- Table 34 EUROPEAN MARKET FORECAST BY TECHNOLOGY, THROUGH 2012 ($ MILLIONS)
- Figure 37 EUROPEAN MARKET REVENUE FORECAST BY TECHNOLOGY,2000-2012 ($ MILLIONS)
  - MIDDLE EAST/AFRICA
  - ECONOMIC TRENDS
  - WATER NEEDS
- Figure 38 AVAILABLE WATER, WATER WITHDRAWALS, AND POPULATION GROWTH IN SELECTED MIDDLE EASTERN/AFRICAN COUNTRIES, 2007
  - SAUDI ARABIA
- Table 35 SALINE WATER CONVERSION CORP. PLANTS, 1978-2006 (M3/D)
- Table 35 (CONTINUED)
  - Outlook
- UAE
  - Outlook
- KUWAIT
  - Outlook
- BAHRAIN
  - Outlook
- ALGERIA
  - Outlook
- LIBYA
  - Outlook
- JORDAN
  - Outlook
- QATAR
  - Outlook
- EGYPT
  - Outlook
- ISRAEL
  - Outlook
- TUNISIA
  - Outlook
- TURKEY
  - Outlook
- SOUTH AFRICA
  - Outlook
- VALUE OF THE MIDDLE EAST/AFRICA MARKET
- Table 36 MIDDLE EAST/AFRICA MARKET FORECAST BY TECHNOLOGY TYPE, THROUGH 2012 ($ MILLIONS)
- Figure 39 MIDDLE EAST/AFRICA MARKET FORECAST BY TECHNOLOGY TYPE, 2000-2012 ($ MILLIONS)
- ASIA/PACIFIC
  - ECONOMIC TRENDS
  - WATER NEEDS
- Figure 40 AVAILABLE WATER, WATER WITHDRAWALS, AND POPULATION GROWTH IN SELECTED ASIA/PACIFIC COUNTRIES, 2007
- AUSTRALIA
  - Outlook
- CHINA
  - Outlook
- INDIA
  - Outlook
- INDONESIA
  - Outlook
- JAPAN
  - Outlook
- THE PHILIPPINES
  - Outlook
- SINGAPORE
  - Outlook
- TAIWAN
  - Outlook
- VALUE OF THE ASIA/PACIFIC MARKET
- Table 37 MARKET FORECAST FOR THE ASIA/PACIFIC MARKET, THROUGH 2012 ($ MILLIONS)
- Figure 41 MARKET REVENUE FOR THE ASIA/PACIFIC MARKET, 2000-2012 ($ MILLIONS)
- LATIN AMERICA/CARIBBEAN
  - ECONOMIC TRENDS
  - WATER NEEDS
- Figure 42 AVAILABLE WATER, WATER WITHDRAWALS AND POPULATION GROWTH IN SELECTED LATIN AMERICAN/CARIBBEAN COUNTRIES, 2007
- THE BAHAMAS
  - Outlook
- CHILE
  - Outlook
- JAMAICA
  - Jamaica (Continued)
  - Outlook
- MEXICO
- Table 38 INSTALLED DESALINATION CAPACITY IN MEXICO, 2006 (M3/D)
  - Outlook
- VALUE OF THE LATIN AMERICA/CARIBBEAN MARKET
- Table 39 MARKET FORECAST FOR THE LATIN AMERICA/CARIBBEAN MARKET, THROUGH 2012 ($ MILLIONS)
- Figure 43 MARKET FORECAST FOR THE LATIN AMERICA/CARIBBEAN MARKET, 2000-2012 ($ MILLIONS)
Chapter 7 - PATENT ANALYSIS
- PATENTS BY TECHNOLOGY TYPE
- Table 40 PATENT SHARE BY TECHNOLOGY TYPE (%)
- Figure 44 PATENT SHARE BY TECHNOLOGY TYPE (%)
  - PATENTS BY COMPANY
- Table 41 PATENT SHARE BY COMPANY/INDIVIDUAL PATENT HOLDER (%)
- Table 41 (CONTINUED)
- Figure 45 SHARE BY COMPANY (%)
Chapter 8 - TECHNICAL INNOVATIONS AND RESEARCH TRENDS
- TECHNICAL INNOVATIONS
- ENERGY RECOVERY
- CO-LOCATION OF WATER AND POWER PRODUCTION
  - Integrating RO with Existing Power Plants
- LARGE AREA MODULES
- NF PRETREATMENT FOR THERMAL DESALINATION
- RESEARCH TRENDS
  - DESALINATION AND WATER PURIFICATION ROADMAP
- Table 42 DESALINATION AND WATER PURIFICATION ROADMAP: NATIONAL NEEDS AND RECOMMENDED R&D
- Table 42 (CONTINUED)
- Table 42 (CONTINUED)
  - THE LONG BEACH METHOD
- AFFORDABLE DESALINATION COALITION
- NEW MEMBRANE MATERIALS
  - Organic/Inorganic Nanocomposites
    - CSIRO R&D
    - NanoH2O/UCLA R&D
  - Carbon Nanotubes
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory R&D
Aquaporins
- AQUAporin AS R&D
NEW ENERGY OPTIONS
- Renewable Energy Sources
- Table 43 RECOMMENDED RES/DESALINATION COMBINATIONS
- Table 44 GLOBAL SHARE OF RES-POWERED DESALINATIONBY TECHNOLOGY TYPE (%)
- Figure 46 GLOBAL SHARE OF RES-POWERED DESALINATIONBY TECHNOLOGY TYPE (%)
  - Solar
  - Wind
- Table 45 WIND POWERED DESALINATION PLANTS
  - Wave
  - Nuclear
    - Nuclear Desalination Projects
    - Nuclear ý (Continued)
- Hybrid RO/Thermal Plants
- BRINE DISPOSAL
  - Emerging Treatment Methods
Chapter 9 - INDUSTRY STRUCTURE
- INDUSTRY STRUCTURE
- MARKET SHARE
- Table 46 DESALINATION PLANT SUPPLIER MARKET SHARES, 2007 (%)
- Table 46 (CONTINUED)
- Figure 47 DESALINATION PLANT SUPPLIER MARKET SHARES, 2007 (%)
  - COMPANY PROFILES
  - ABENGOA
  - ACCIONA SA/ACCIONA AGUA
- Table 47 ACCIONA REFERENCE PLANTS
  - ACS/COBRA-TEDAGUA
  - AES CORP.
  - AHMED ABDEL WARITH CONSULTING ENGINEERS
  - AQUALIA
  - AQUATECH INTERNATIONAL CORP.
    - AquaChem ICD
- ARABIAN COMPANY FOR WATER & POWER DEVELOPMENT
- BIWATER, PLC
  - Biwater AEWT, Inc.
- AL KAWTHER INDUSTRIES, LTD.
  - Bushnak Group,
- CHRIST WATER TECHNOLOGY GROUP
  - Aqua Engineering GmbH,
- CHUBU ELECTRIC POWER CO.
- CONSOLIDATED WATER CO., LTD.
- DOOSAN HEAVY INDUSTRIES & CONSTRUCTION
- DOW WATER SOLUTIONS
  - ENERGY RECOVERY, INC.
- FERROVIAL GROUP/CADAGUA
  - Ferrovial Group
- FICHTNER GMBH
- GENERAL ELECTRIC
- GRAHAMTEK
- HITACHI ZOSEN CORP.
- HYFLUX, LTD.
- IDE TECHNOLOGIES, LTD.
- ILF CONSULTING ENGINEERS
- IMPREGILO GROUP
  - Fisia Italimpianti
- Table 48 FISIA REFERENCE PLANTS
- INIMA
- INTERNATIONAL POWER
- ITOCHU CORP.
- ITT AQUIOUS
- JGC CORP.
- KINDASA WATER SERVICES
- KOCH MEMBRANE SYSTEMS
- KULJIAN CORP.
- KURITA WATER INDUSTRIES
- LAHMEYER INTERNATIONAL GMBH
- LYNG GROUP/AQUALYNG
- MARUBENI CORP.
- MALAKOFF
- METITO (OVERSEAS), LTD.
- MITSUBISHI HEAVY INDUSTRIES
- MUBADALA DEVELOPMENT CO.
- NATIONAL POWER CO.
  - Zamil Group
- NITTO DENKO
- Hydranautics, Inc.
- ORGANO CORP.
- PB POWER
- POSEIDON RESOURCES CORP.
- PUMP ENGINEERING, INC.
- REGGIANE CRANES & PLANTS DIVISION
  - Fantuzi Reggiane
- SADYT
- SAEHAN INDUSTRIES, INC.
- SASAKURA ENGINEERING
- SAUDI OGER, LTD.
- SEMBCORP UTILITIES PTE, LTD.
- SEPARATION PROCESSES, INC.
- SETE TECHNICAL SERVICES
- SIEMENS WATER TECHNOLOGIES
- VA Tech Wabag
- SIDMAS
- SNAMPROGETTI S.P.A.
  - Eni Saipem
- SNC LAVALIN
- SOGEX OMAN CO., LLC
- SUMITOMO CORP.
- SUEZ
  - Degrémont/Suez
  - Suez Energy International (SEI)
  - Tractebel Engineering/Suez
- Table 49 SUEZ REFERENCE PLANTS (M3/D)
  - TAPROGGE GMBH
  - TENAGA NASIONAL BERHAD
  - TOKYO ELECTRIC POWER CO. (TEPCO)
  - MITSUI & CO., LTD.
  - TORAY INDUSTRIES
  - TOYO ENGINEERING
  - TOYOBO CO., LTD.
  - VEOLIA WATER SOLUTIONS & TECHNOLOGIES
Chapter 10 - APPENDIX
- Table 50 PATENT SURVEY, JANUARY 1, 2007 TO SEPTEMBER 4, 2007
- Table 50 (CONTINUED)
- Table 50 (CONTINUED)
- Table 51 PATENT SURVEY, 2006
- Table 51 (CONTINUED)
- Table 51 (CONTINUED)
- Table 51 (CONTINUED)
- Table 51 (CONTINUED)
- Table 52 PATENT SURVEY, 2005
- Table 52 (CONTINUED)
- Table 52 (CONTINUED)
- Table 53 PATENT SURVEY, 2004
- Table 53 (CONTINUED)
- Table 53 (CONTINUED)
- Table 53 (CONTINUED)
- Table 53 (CONTINUED)
- Table 54 PATENT SURVEY, 2003
- Table 54 (CONTINUED)
- Table 54 (CONTINUED)
- Table 54 (CONTINUED)
- Table 55 PATENT SURVEY, SEPTEMBER 3, 2002 TO DECEMBER 31, 2002

Seawater and Brackish Water Desalination

Table of Contents