Table of Contents
- Introduction 4
- Lighting Technologies 6
- Incandescent Bulbs 6
- Halogen Lamps 6
- Fluorescent Tubes 6
- Compact Fluorescent Lamps (CFL) 8
- Cold Cathode Fluorescent Lamps 8
- High-Intensity Discharge (HID) 10
- Neon 11
- Light-Emitting Diodes (LEDs) 12
- Economic Drivers 12
- Application Segment Trends 14
- General Illumination market Size and Characteristics 14
- Energy Efficient Lighting in General Illumination 17
- Lighting Performance and Pricing Trends in General Illumination 21
- Residential Lighting 24
- Commercial and Industrial Lighting 26
- Architectural and Landscape Lighting 29
- Automotive Lighting 31
- Approval Situation for LEDs in Headlamps 32
- Street Lights 33
- Signaling 35
- Signs and Billboards 36
- LCD Backlighting 39
- Technology Developments 43
- Advances in Fluorescent Lighting 43
- Dimming Challenges 45
- Load-Shedding Ballast Targeted at Power Utilities Market 47
- Alternative Approaches to Improved Illumination Efficiencies 47
- OLEDs Hold Promise for General Illumination 48
- Advanced Components and ICs for Ballasts and Digital Control 49
- Regulations and Incentives 52
- Overview 52
- U.S. Energy Independence and Security Act 55
- U.S. Energy Policy Act of 2005 (EPACT) 60
- Green Lights Programs (Europe and Asia) 61
- Wireless Lighting Control and Building Automation Trends 63
- Regulatory Update 65
- Industry Associations and Organizations 68
- American National Standards Institute (ANSI) 68
- Emerge Alliance 68
- European Lamp Companies Federation 69
- European Photonics Industry Consortium 70
- Illuminating Engineering Institute of Japan 70
- National Lighting Test Center China 71
- Consumer (Un)Awareness of Changing Lighting Regulations 71
- Worldwide Elimination of Incandescent Lighting 72
Appendix A: Building Automation and Lighting Control Standards and Technologies Overview 74
- ZigBeeR 75
- Z-Wave 76
- InsteonR 76
- LonTalk 76
- Others 77
Appendix B: Glossary of Lighting Terminology 83
- Table 1 - Typical HID Lighting Applications 11
- Table 2 - Color Temperature Scale 15
- Table 3 - Color Rendering Index 15
- Table 4 - General Illumination Technologies 22
- Table 5 - Residential Lighting in Japan, Germany and U.S., Lighting
Consumption per Household 25
- Table 6 - Performance Standards for Selected Light Bulbs, New Energy
Independence Act 56
- Table 7 - Performance Characteristics of Selected Lighting Technologies,
Published by the Congressional Research Service, Library of Congress 56
- Table 8 - Minimum MH Ballast Efficiencies Mandated by EISA 2007 57
- Figure 1 - Halogen Lamp Ballast 6
- Figure 2 - Electronic Ballast for Fluorescent Lamps 7
- Figure 3 - Ballast and Pin-Based CFL 8
- Figure 4 - Open-Frame CCFL Inverter 9
- Figure 5 - HID Ballast from Foshan Mingyu Electrical Appliance Co. Ltd. 10
- Figure 6 - Cree Luminaire for Parking Garages 16
- Figure 7 - Typical CFL Integral Ballast Construction 17
- Figure 8 - Electrodeless CFL With Integral Ballast From Sylvania 19
- Figure 9 - Elate Recessed CFL Downlight With Built-in Ballast 20
- Figure 10 - Lexel Lighting System From the TIR Division of Philips 20
- Figure 11 - Critical Performance Level 100 lm/W 23
- Figure 12 - Luminaire Pricing, General Illumination 23
- Figure 13 - Relative Pricing and Performance 24
- Figure 14 - Residential Lighting in China, Europe, Japan and U.S., by
Lighting Technology (Linear Fluorescent, CFL, Halogen and Incandescent) 26
- Figure 15 - GE LED Illuminated Refrigerated Display Cases 28
- Figure 16 - Bodine Emergency Lighting LED Driver 28
- Figure 17 - TIR LED Light Pipes in Callahan Tunnel in Boston,
Massachusetts 29
- Figure 18 - Full Moon Tower, Galaxy Park in Tianjin, China 30
- Figure 19 - LEDtronics LED Automotive Bulbs Include 24 5mm LEDs 31
- Figure 20 - LED Street Light in Taipei Consumes 100W per "Lamp" for a
Total of 600W 34
- Figure 21 - Use of Lighting Technologies in Signs (2008 percentages) 38
- Figure 22 - Neon Sign Ballast Types 39
- Figure 23 - EEFL Backlight Assembly With Ballast 40
- Figure 24 - PulseStar"! Lighting Installation 61
- Figure 25 - Wireless Standards and Power Consumption 75
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