Inverters for Alternative Energy Resources: Economic Factors, Application Drivers, Architecture/Packaging Trends, Technology and Regulatory Developments, Third Edition

Table of Contents

• Introduction
• Application Segments
• Alternative Energy Developments
• Photovoltaics
• Gigawatt Scale Production Capacity
• Recent Developments in PV Module Supply
• Building Integrated PV Systems
• Microgrids
• Photovoltaic Shading
• Micro Inverter Systems
• Photovoltaics Inverter Technology
• Transition to Transformerless Systems
• Communication and Monitoring
• Maintenance Issues
• Warranties
• Wind
• Large Wind Turbines
• Small Wind Turbines
• Vertical Axis Wind Turbines
• Building Integrated Wind Energy
• Wind Inverter Technology
• Fuel Cells
• Combined Heat and Power (CHP) Applications
• Backup Power Applications
• Fuel Cell Inverter Technology
• Policy and Regulatory Framework for Development
• Adoption of Feed-in Tariffs
• Renewable Portfolio Standards
• Interconnection to the Utility Grid
• Net Metering
• Standards and Regulations
• Renewable Energy Certificates
• Direct Subsidies and Tax Incentives
• Legislative Policies
• Cost Dynamics of Renewable Resources
• Cost Dynamics of Inverter Technology
• Technological Trends and Developments
• Semiconductors
• Digital Power
• Product Innovations and Developments
• Disclaimer

Tables

• Table 1 - Comparison of Inverters with and without Transformers

Graphs

• Graph 1 - Spanish PV Market (2003 - 2010)

Figures

• Figure 1 - Building Integrated Photovoltaic System
• Figure 2 - Building Integrated Photovoltaic System Structural Example
• Figure 3 - Micro Grid Configurations
• Figure 4 - Problem with Shading in Current PV Systems
• Figure 5 - National Semiconductor Solar Magic
• Figure 6 - Proposed Solution to Problem with Shading
• Figure 7 - PV Array wired in Parallel
• Figure 8 - PV Array wired in Series
• Figure 9 - Enphase Micro-inverter
• Figure 10 - Commercial Grid-tied Solar Inverter System
• Figure 11 - Inverter Configuration for Off-grid System
• Figure 12 - Residential Grid-tied Inverter System
• Figure 13 - SMA America Inc. Sunny Central 250U Inverter
• Figure 14 - SatCon 1 Megawatt Inverter
• Figure 15 - Comparison of Inverter System with and without a Transformer
• Figure 16 - The Development and Path of Wind Turbines
• Figure 17 - Wind Cube Rooftop Wind Turbine
• Figure 18 - Vertical Axis Wind Turbine
• Figure 19 - Building Integrated Wind Turbine
• Figure 20 - Building Integrated Wind Turbine Examples
• Figure 21 - SOFC Fuel Cell Installation
• Figure 22 - Nature of Main Interconnection Guidelines in Europe
• Figure 23 - Net Metering for PV in the US
• Figure 24 - Net Metering for Wind Power in the US
• Figure 25 - IEEE Series of Interconnection Standards
• Figure 26 - Renewable Energy Certificates
• Figure 27 - Cost Comparison of Renewable Energy
• Figure 28 - Inverter Circuit Board with SiC Components