Abstract
A micro fuel cell (MFC) is an electrochemical device that converts the
chemical energy of fuel, such as hydrogen or methanol or some patented fuel,
into electrical energy. Unlike batteries, which require recharging, fuel cells
can continuously produce electricity as long as there is a constant fuel
supply. Though no universally accepted definition exists for micro fuel cells,
the term typically describes small fuel-cell systems that provide less than 50
watts of power.
Fuel cells have unique technological attributes: efficiency, absence of moving
parts, and low emissions. However, compelling technology alone does not
provide a viable business model. Market demand for portable, power-hungry
devices and the corresponding need to power them are critical market drivers
for micro fuel cells, whereas stationary and transportation applications for
fuel cells rely more heavily on environmental and regulatory drivers. Within
the fuel cell industry, many analysts believe that micro fuel cells will be
the first fuel cell systems to achieve widespread acceptance in consumer
markets, despite the fact that stationary and transportation fuel cell systems
are further along in technological development.
To date, small scale power supplies have been the missing link in the
information revolution - the obstacle to the ubiquitous computing environments
and smart machines heralded as the next big wave of silicon intelligence.
Within the decade, however, all this will change. As the micro-device market
grows, coming innovations will redefine the personal use of power. The
individual will now be free from the household and workplace power grids,
relying when desired, on personal (and personalized) mobile power systems.
Connectivity, communication, and knowledge management will be forever changed.
Small-scale power systems will enhance innumerable new, as well as existing,
wireless devices. Uses will run the gamut from augmenting cell phones and
laptop computers to powering communicating cameras as well as new applications.
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