Table of Contents
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS
1. INTRODUCTION
- 1.1. Challenges of the food and livestock industry
- 1.2. Challenges of the food industry
- 1.2.1. Huge avoidable waste in the supply chain
- 1.2.2. Bioterrorism
- 1.2.3. Infected food
- 1.2.4. Ever more demanding consumers
- 1.2.5. Methods of traceability
- 1.2.6. Live animal
- 1.2.7. Food products
- 1.2.8. Up and coming technologies to monitor and identify food
- 1.3. Legislation driving RFID - animals, food and farming
- 1.3.1. Indirect legal push
- 1.3.2. Legislation specifically calling for RFID
2. RELEVANT RFID TECHNOLOGY
- 2.1. Definitions and choices
- 2.1.1. RFID frequencies
- 2.1.2. Active vs passive RFID
- 2.1.3. Condition detecting RFID - Research in Germany
- 2.1.4. Active RFID for arable farming
- 2.1.5. Active RFID for logistics
- 2.2. RFID technology for animals
- 2.3. RFID technology for food retailing
- 2.4. RFID technology for arable farming
- 2.5. RFID technology for food logistics and retailing
- 2.6. Relevant RFID standards
- 2.6.1. Benefits of standardization
- 2.6.2. RFID standards for animal tagging
- 2.6.3. RFID standards for food and logistics
3. RFID FOR ANIMALS
- 3.1. Examples of livestock tagging countries
- 3.1.1. Australia
- 3.1.2. Canada
- 3.1.3. Spain
- 3.1.4. USA - too little too late?
- 3.2. Suppliers of standard passive RFID
- 3.2.1. Allflex
- 3.2.2. Aleis
- 3.2.3. Digital Angel
- 3.2.4. Assa Abloy Identification Technologies (IDT)
- 3.2.5. Trovan
- 3.2.6. Y-Tex Corporation
- 3.2.7. Rumitag
- 3.2.8. AgInfoLink
- 3.3. Suppliers that may extend standards/ establish new standards
- 3.3.1. Advanced ID
- 3.3.2. Motorola
- 3.3.3. Hitachi Mew Solutions
- 3.3.4. PrimaryLink Technologies and Sparkice
- 3.3.5. Animal Profiling International
- 3.3.6. Somark Innovations
- 3.4. Technical trends
- 3.5. Twelve case studies of RFID for livestock
- 3.5.1. Agri-Tracabilite Quebec (ATQ), sheep and cattle, Canada
- 3.5.2. Alberta Agriculture & Tyson Foods, tracking cattle, Canada
- 3.5.3. Asocebu, cattle, Colombia
- 3.5.4. Australian Sheep Industry and New South Wales DPI, sheep,
Australia
- 3.5.5. B3R Country Meats, cattle, USA
- 3.5.6. DEFRA, sheep, animals, UK
- 3.5.7. Fevex, cattle, Spain
- 3.5.8. Klein Karoo Co-operative, ostriches, South Africa
- 3.5.9. Sheep processing plant, sheep, Australia
- 3.5.10. Smorfjord, reindeer, Norway
- 3.5.11. Taiwan Government, hogs, Taiwan
- 3.5.12. Thai Government, poultry, Thailand
4. RFID IN THE FOOD INDUSTRY
- 4.1. Examples of food tagging
- 4.2. Suppliers of high volume passive tags and systems
- 4.3. Suppliers of active tags with sensors and systems
- 4.3.1. Disposable labels KSW Microtec, Infratab, Power ID
- 4.3.2. Reusable tags Wavetrend, MicroSensys, Savi Technology
- 4.4. Electronic alternative label from Bioett
- 4.5. Non electronic alternatives to TTRs on food
- 4.6. Suppliers of long range active RFID
- 4.7. Seventeen case studies of RFID in the food industry
- 4.7.1. Fonterra, milk collections, New Zealand
- 4.7.2. Chinese Government, poultry, pallet/case, vehicles, China
- 4.7.3. foodSafe International, fruit and vegetable tracking, Botswana
- 4.7.4. Coca-Cola, contactless payment, Japan
- 4.7.5. Starbucks cards, USA
- 4.7.6. Messina Group, proof of age at Coors Light Superbash, USA
- 4.7.7. Campofrio meat, Spain
- 4.7.8. Meat tracking/ condition monitoring, item level, USA
- 4.7.9. Meat transport crates, Germany, Ireland, Netherlands
- 4.7.10. Bell AG, meat, Germany
- 4.7.11. Arla Foods, steel carriers, Sweden
- 4.7.12. Bayer CropScience, vehicles and pallets, Germany
- 4.7.13. PM beef, USA
- 4.7.14. Metro Distribution Centre, pallet/case, Hamm, Germany
- 4.7.15. Heineken, tracking cargo shipments, Netherlands
- 4.7.16. Bailian Group, merchandise, item-level, China
- 4.7.17. World Wide Fruit UK
- 4.7.18. Grupo Leche Pascual Spain -packages of liquid egg
5. RFID IN PETS, ETC
- 5.1. Five case studies
- 5.1.1. Portuguese Ministry of Agriculture, dogs, Portugal
- 5.1.2. Los Angeles Animal Regulation Commission, stray animals, USA
- 5.1.3. Government Pet Passport, UK
- 5.1.4. Animal Care, pets, UK
- 5.1.5. Florida Animal Shelters, lost pets, USA
6. RFID FOR ANIMAL RESEARCH AND CONSERVATION
- 6.1. Four case studies
- 6.1.1. Delhi, cow tagging, India
- 6.1.2. Pandas, China
- 6.1.3. Pacific States Marine Fisheries Commission, fish, USA
- 6.1.4. Fraser River Sturgeon Conservation Society, Canada
7. RFID FOR ARABLE FARMING
- 7.1. Technical trends
- 7.1.1. Ubiquitous Sensor Networks (USN)
- 7.2. Five case studies of RFID for arable farming
- 7.2.1. Precision Forestry Cooperative, trees, USA
- 7.2.2. Cambium Forstbetriebe, trees to sawmill, Germany
- 7.2.3. Ceago Vinegarden, crops, USA
- 7.2.4. Paramount Farms, trailers for nuts, USA
- 7.2.5. Silsoe Research and Cranfield University vehicles and containers,
UK
8. RFID MARKETS
- 8.1. Total market - animals, food and farming 2008-2018
- 8.2. Livestock
- 8.2.1. Global livestock statistics
- 8.2.2. Importance of China
- 8.3. Market 2008-2018
- 8.3.1. Timelines for new legislation
- 8.4. Food
- 8.4.1. Pallet / case market (all retail, food and non-food) 2008-2018
- 8.5. Pets
- 8.6. Research and conservation
- 8.7. Farming
APPENDIX 1: IDTECHEX PUBLICATIONS
APPENDIX 2: TECHNOLOGIES, EPCGLOBAL, RADIO REGULATIONS
APPENDIX 3: GLOSSARY
TABLES
- 1.1.Examples of track and trace methods
- 1.2.Methods of tracking and traceability compared
- 1.3.Some US regulations driving RFID on food and drugs
- 2.1.Relative merits and uses of different animal RFID tags
- 8.1.Number of RFID tags by sector sold globally 2008-2018
- 8.2.Unit value in dollars of RFID tags by sector sold globally
2008-2018
- 8.3.Value in millions of dollars of RFID tags by sector sold
globally 2008-2018
- 8.4.Value in millions of dollars of RFID systems for food, animals
and farming including tags by sector sold globally 2008-2018
- 8.5.Estimate of the populations of various relevant types of animal
in the world with examples of figures for specific countries in millions
FIGURES
- 1.1.Basic components of a traceability system
- 1.2.Examples of RFID in use on food and livestock, including at
bottom, fork lifts reading g pallets and cases and intermodal containers being
located and monitored for illegal entry
- 2.1.Some types and locations of RFID tag on and in animals.The
collar tag bottom left is shown controlling the amount of feed and medication,
regardless of which stall the animal enters.The RFID tag bottom right
measures ear temperature as an indication of
- 2.2.M-real ink stripe RFID as applied to food and drink packages
- 3.1.Allflex Yellowstick reader
- 3.2.Aleis multi-read sheep system, Australia
- 3.3.Assa Abloy IDT RFID implants and naked RFID disc (centre) for
moulding into ear tags.All operate at the standard 134.2KHz frequency to ISO
standards
- 3.4.Trovan ear tag and sub-dermally implantable tag
- 3.5.Y-Tex RFID ear tag
- 3.6.Rumitag rumen bolus RFID tag
- 3.7.Some of the hardware offered by AgInfoLink USA for cattle
tracking.Palm PDA on left.Bluetooth RFID reader on right
- 3.8.A selection of tags for cattle, fowl and other farm animals
- 3.9.An Advanced ID 12 mm embedded glass tag for pets etc
- 3.10.Motorola UHF ear tag
- 3.11.Allflex DNA tag, Australia
- 3.12.I-Tag RFID Tag (Sheep & Goat version)
- 3.13.Ostrich tagging in South Africa
- 3.14.SACO Systems provides solutions for access control, time and
attendance and Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) tracking in mines and
many other environments
- 3.15.SACO' s portable data terminals are capable of reading both
barcode and RFID tags and can be optimised to suit a particular application,
for example mines and mineral processing operations
- 3.16.Saco Systems tagged 100 000 ostriches with radio frequency
identification chips for The Klein Karoo Cooperative (offloading)
- 3.17.Handheld terminals are used by veterinary technicians to
"read" the tag of each ostrich for inoculation and other important historical
information
- 3.18.Reindeer
- 4.1.The prime minister of Japan being served prepared sushi that is
RFID tagged at HF for speedy payment and stocktaking
- 4.2.Ham RFID tagged at HF at El Corte Ingles in Spain
- 4.3.Great variety of UHF needed as suppliers wrest with technical
problems
- 4.4.Time temperature recording label, including printed battery,
for monitoring food, medical supplies etc
- 4.5.Bioett Time Temperature Biosensor label
- 4.6.Aims and objectives of foodSafe International
- 4.7.RFID-enabled vending machine
- 4.8.Campofrio' s concerned about security and the audit of the meat
supply chain
- 4.9.Tempsens® Temperature monitoring card
- 4.10.i- Q8T & i-Q32T ILR Technology Transponders (UHF)
- 6.1.Avian Breeding Colonies in the Columbia River Estuary USA
- 6.2.The detector has been successful in locating tags in various
terrain
- 6.3.A white sturgeon from the lower Fraser River, British Columbia,
Canada
- 7.1.Experimental industrial greenhouse with USN
- 7.2.Trucks of pistachios enter the scale house
- 7.3.Paramount Farms of Los Angeles
- 7.4.RFID readers identify the trucks automatically
- 7.5.Staff gather data using handheld RFID scanners
- 8.1.Number of RFID tags by sector sold globally 2008-2018
- 8.2.Unit value in US cents of RFID tags by sector sold globally
2008-2018
- 8.3.Value in millions of dollars of RFID tags by sector sold
globally 2008-2018
- 8.4.Value in millions of dollars of RFID systems for food, animals
and farming including tags by sector sold globally 2008-2018
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