Thin Film Photovoltaics and Batteries 2009-2019

Table of Contents

1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

2. INTRODUCTION AND SCOPE

3. BATTERIES

• 3.1. Introduction
• 3.2. History
• 3.3. Structure
• 3.4. Key Products in Printed Batteries Industry
• 3.5. Principles and Operation
• 3.6. Supercapacitors supplement or rival batteries?
• 3.7. Thin Film Batteries - key companies
  • 3.7.1. Power Paper
  • 3.7.2. Blue Spark Technologies Inc.
  • 3.7.3. Enfucell
  • 3.7.4. Cymbet Corporation
  • 3.7.5. Solicore
  • 3.7.6. Infinite Power Solutions (IPS)
  • 3.7.7. Excellatron
  • 3.7.8. Nanotecture

4. PHOTOVOLTAICS

• 4.1. Introduction
• 4.2. History

5. COMPANY PROFILES BY TECHNOLOGY

• 5.1. Principles and operations
• 5.2. Amorphous/nanoparticle Si
  • 5.2.1. Introduction-Brief Description of technology
• 5.3. Amorphous /nanoparticle Si - Key Companies
  • 5.3.1. Sharp
  • 5.3.2. United Solar Ovonic
  • 5.3.3. Mitsubishi Heavy industries
  • 5.3.4. Kaneka
  • 5.3.5. Q-cells (SONTOR and VHF-Technologies SA)
  • 5.3.6. Fuji Electric Systems Co., Ltd.
  • 5.3.7. ersol Solar Energy AG
  • 5.3.8. Innovalight
• 5.4. CdTe
  • 5.4.1. Introduction-Brief Description of technology
• 5.5. CdTe Key Companies
  • 5.5.1. First Solar
  • 5.5.2. Calyxo
  • 5.5.3. Abound Solar
  • 5.5.4. PrimeStar Solar
• 5.6. CIGS - CIS
  • 5.6.1. Introduction-Brief Description of technology
• 5.7. CIGS - Key Companies
  • 5.7.1. Ascent Solar Technologies, Inc.
  • 5.7.2. Avancis
  • 5.7.3. DayStar Technologies
  • 5.7.4. Global Solar Energy
  • 5.7.5. HelioVolt
  • 5.7.6. Honda Soltec Co., Ltd.
  • 5.7.7. Johanna Solar Technology
  • 5.7.8. Miasole
  • 5.7.9. Nanosolar
  • 5.7.10. Odersun
  • 5.7.11. Showa Shell Sekiyu
  • 5.7.12. Solibro
  • 5.7.13. Solyndra
  • 5.7.14. Sulfurcell
  • 5.7.15. Wurth Solar
• 5.8. DSSC
  • 5.8.1. Introduction-Brief Description of technology
• 5.9. DSSC - Key Companies
  • 5.9.1. G24 Innovations
  • 5.9.2. Dyesol
• 5.10. Organic Photovoltaics
  • 5.10.1. Introduction - Brief Description of technology
• 5.11. Organic Photovoltaics - Key Companies
  • 5.11.1. Konarka
  • 5.11.2. Plextronics
  • 5.11.3. Solarmer
  • 5.11.4. Heliatek
• 5.12. Research Institutes/Universities involved with thin film photovoltaic technologies
  • 5.12.1. AIST - National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology
  • 5.12.2. Arizona State University
  • 5.12.3. Colorado State University
  • 5.12.4. Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne
  • 5.12.5. Florida Solar Energy Centre
  • 5.12.6. Fraunhofer ISE
  • 5.12.7. Helsinki University of technology (TKK)
  • 5.12.8. IMEC
  • 5.12.9. Imperial College London
  • 5.12.10. Idaho National Laboratory (INL)
  • 5.12.11. KAIST - Korean Advanced Institute of Science and Technology
  • 5.12.12. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
  • 5.12.13. Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
  • 5.12.14. National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL)
  • 5.12.15. University of Delaware - Institute of Energy Conversion (IEC)

6. APPLICATIONS

• 6.1. Applications of printed batteries
• 6.2. Batteries
  • 6.2.1. Radio Frequency Identification (RFID)
  • 6.2.2. Smart Cards
  • 6.2.3. Iontophoretic Devices
  • 6.2.4. Other Devices
• 6.3. Photovoltaics
  • 6.3.1. Building integrated solar electric power
  • 6.3.2. Solar Chargers
  • 6.3.3. Military applications
  • 6.3.4. Other applications

7. FUTURE TRENDS AND FORECASTS FOR PRINTING TECHNOLOGIES

• APPENDIX 1: PRINCIPLES AND OPERATION OF DSSCS AND ORGANIC SOLAR CELLS
• APPENDIX 2: MATERIALS
• APPENDIX 3: PRINTING/PATTERNING TECHNIQUES
• APPENDIX 4: IDTECHEX PUBLICATIONS AND CONSULTANCY

TABLES

• 2.1. Market size for thin film photovoltaic technologies beyond silicon technologies % of the market that is printed and flexible
• 2.2. Market size for thin film batteries % of the market that is printed and flexible
• 3.1. Important milestones in battery history
• 3.2. Printed battery product and specification comparison
• 3.3. Printed battery materials comparison.
• 3.4. The half cell and overall chemical reactions that occur in a Zn/MnO2 battery
• 3.5. Discharge rate, current, and load.
• 3.6. Parameter ranking for different battery chemistries
• 3.7. Battery characteristics
• 4.1. Comparison of the power conversion technologies of different types of solar cell technologies
• 4.2. Important milestones in the development of photovoltaic cells
• 6.1. Applications of printed batteries by vendor
• 6.2. Technical differences between Active and Passive RFID technologies
• 6.3. Summary of functional capabilities of Active and Passive RFID technologies
• 6.4. Some of the manufacturers that provide printed batteries for smart card applications
• 7.1. Market size for thin film photovoltaic technologies beyond silicon technologies % of the market that is printed and flexible
• 7.2. Market size for thin film batteries % of the market that is printed and flexible

FIGURES

• 3.1. Internal structure of Power Paper Battery.
• 3.2. Diagram of the operation of a battery
• 3.3. Discharge characteristics of a Power Paper STD-3 printed battery
• 3.4. Enfucell SoftBattery™
• 3.5. The Cymbet EnerChip™
• 3.6. Flexion ™
• 3.7. LiTESTAR™.
• 3.8. Thin-film solid-state batteries by Excellatron
• 4.1. Average Potential electricity production with photovoltaics
• 4.2. Worldwide PV Shipments 1988-2004
• 4.3. Progress of confirmed research-scale photovoltaic device efficiencies, under AM 1.5 simulated solar illumination, for a variety of technologies
• 4.4. Progress in power conversion efficiency for a-Si, polymer, and small molecule photovoltaic cells
• 4.5. Comparison of the efficiency (in arbitrary units, since no spectral mismatch correction was performed) of "printed like" (doctor bladed) vs. spin-coated organic solar cells
• 5.1. Typical a-Si p-i-n design
• 5.2. a-Si hydrogenation
• 5.3. United Solar Ovonics thin film amorphous silicon cell configuration
• 5.4. Kaneka semi-translucent PV module
• 5.5. FES F-WAVE
• 5.6. Innovalight Cell
• 5.7. CdTe thin film solar cell
• 5.8. Schematic representation of a CIGS thin film solar cell
• 5.9. Ascent Solar' s Flexible Products
• 5.10. Honda Soltec' s manufacturing facility
• 5.11. Model and design of Johanna Solar' s production facility in Brandenburg
• 5.12. Parts of Nanosolar' s module manufacturing process
• 5.13. The POGO designer bag produced by Berlin manufacturer Bagjack
• 5.14. Wurth Solar' s production plant, CISfab in Schwabisch Hall
• 5.15. Dyesol' s Dye Solar Cells interconnected and integrated into modules (tiles).
• 5.16. Konarka' s Power Plastic®
• 5.17. The Tsukuba Center Solar Power Plant
• 5.18. Transparent dye solar module manufactured at Fraunhofer ISE with a screen printing procedure using glass frit technology.
• 5.19. Schematic layer structure of a pentacene-C60 tandem organic solar cell
• 6.1. Patents containing the terms RFID and Battery
• 6.2. Active RFID patents
• 6.3. Schematic diagram of PowerCosmetics Micro-electronic patch
• 6.4. Estee Lauder Perfectionist Power Correcting Patch
• 6.5. Anti-wrinkle demonstration
• 6.6. Audio paper capable of recording and playing back audio
• 6.7. Hasbro Thin-Tronix™ Poster Phone and Poster Radio
• 6.8. PowerFilm AA Charger
• 6.9. Two wire photovoltaic fiber concept