Table of Contents
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS
1. INTRODUCTION
- 1.1. What is RTLS?
- 1.1.1. Definitions
- 1.1.2. Construction of an RTLS system
- 1.2. What is not RTLS
- 1.2.1. Remote location not navigation
- 1.2.2. RFID Radar and other options
- 1.3. Primary benefits
- 1.4. Relevant market needs
- 1.4.2. Case study: Alexandra Hospital/ Singapore National University
Hospital, staff, visitors and patients, Singapore
- 1.5. History
- 1.6. Tools
- 1.7. ISO standard for RTLS
2. RTLS TECHNOLOGIES
- 2.1. Variety in technologies
- 2.2. Zonal
- 2.2.2. Supplier case study: Sovereign Tracking Systems US
- 2.2.3. Supplier case study: RF Code USA
- 2.2.4. Case study: Mercy Hospital USA
- 2.2.5. Case study: Felixstowe Dock and Rail Company vehicles UK
- 2.2.6. Case study: Brigham & Women' s Hospital chooses ultrasound RTLS
- 2.3. Triangulation and Time Difference of Arrival (TDOA)
- 2.3.1. Case study: BMW vehicles Germany, UK, South Africa
- 2.4. Global Positioning System (GPS)
- 2.4.1. The satellites
- 2.4.2. The Master Control facility
- 2.4.3. Smaller and more sensitive receivers widen the possible
applications
- 2.4.4. High sensitivity GPS receivers
- 2.4.5. Who uses GPS
- 2.4.6. Case study: Tracking children USA
- 2.5. Radio fingerprinting
- 2.5.2. Supplier case study: AeroScout USA
- 2.6. Received Signal Strength Indication (RSSI)
- 2.6.1. Supplier case study RFTechnologies USA
- 2.7. Near Field Electromagnetic Ranging (NFER)
- 2.8. Real Time Locating Systems Using Passive Tags - High Volume RTLS?
3. CHOICE OF RFID FREQUENCY FOR RTLS
- 3.2. Radio regulations are changing
- 3.3. No ideal frequency for everything
- 3.4. Ultra Wide Band (UWB)
- 3.5. Range versus cost
- 3.6. Frequency versus range
4. INDOOR POSITIONING SYSTEMS
- 4.1. IPS used to located medical equipment
- 4.2. Case study: Opera at the Royal Albert Hall London in 2008
- 4.3. Supplier case study: Ekahau USA
- 4.4. Case study: Nagoya Ekisaikai Hospital Japan
- 4.5. Supplier case study Hynix Semiconductor Korea
- 4.6. Case study: Palmetto Health USA
- 4.7. Case study: AWAREA personalised marketing/advertising, guidance for
the disabled, USA
- 4.7.1. Supplier case study: BioRfid Solutions
- 4.7.2. Supplier case study: Student Tracker ™ Program for
Absenteeism and Dropouts
- 4.8. Supplier case study: Verichip Corporation USA
- 4.8.1. Wander prevention
- 4.8.2. Infant protection
- 4.9. Supplier case study Axcess International Inc USA
- 4.9.1. AXCESS Asset Activator ™
- 4.9.2. Patient monitoring
- 4.9.3. Case study: Private school attendance, USA
- 4.10. Supplier case study: ActiveWave Inc USA
- 4.11. Supplier case study: Healthcare Pilot USA
- 4.12. Case study: Holy Name Hospital USA
- 4.13. Case study: Advocate Good Shepherd Hospital USA
- 4.14. Case study: Merrimac Industries libraries and archiving USA
- 4.15. Case study: Borgess Medical Center patients USA
- 4.16. Case study: City halls guiding the blind Japan
- 4.17. Case study: Jackson Memorial; Hospital assets USA
- 4.18. Case study: Klinikum Saarbrucken Hospital patients Germany
- 4.19. Case study: Legacy Salmon Creek Hospital equipment USA
- 4.20. Case study: Massachusetts General Hospital patients and assets USA
- 4.21. Case study: Presbyterian Hospital patients USA
- 4.22. Case study: Changgen Memorial Hospital patients Taiwan
- 4.23. Case study: Tung Yuan Hospital in Hsinchu, patients Taiwan
- 4.24. Case study: Vanderbilt Children' s Hospital, assets, USA
- 4.25. Case study: Hospital patients Israel
- 4.26. Supplier case study PanGo Networks
- 4.27. Case study: Washington Hospital Center, patients and assets, USA
- 4.28. Case study: Werribee Mercy Hospital, patient tracking, Australia
- 4.29. Case study: Wirral Hospital people, UK
- 4.30. Case study: Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust assets UK
- 4.31. Case study: Metrotown Mall security Canada
- 4.32. Case study: E.S.E.G. Euro Security Group, locating barcode scanners,
Germany
- 4.33. Case study: Boeing, Real Time Locating System (RTLS), item level, USA
- 4.34. Case study: Toyota, real time locating, vehicles USA
5. LONG RANGE AND OUTDOOR RTLS
- 5.1. Benefits and limitations
- 5.2. Supplier case study WhereNet USA
- 5.3. Case study: Broekman Group The Netherlands
- 5.4. Case study: AM General Corporation work in progress USA
- 5.5. Case study: Volkswagen work in progress Germany
- 5.6. Case study: Ford Van Dyke plant work in progress and finished
vehicles USA
- 5.7. Case study: Inco Mine equipment Canada
- 5.8. Case study: Yanzhou Mining Group vehicle tracking China
- 5.9. Case study: Marion Correctional Treatment center inmates USA
- 5.10. Case study: BP, people evacuation, USA
- 5.11. Case study: NYK Logistics, tracking containers, USA
6. COMBINED AND PARASITIC RTLS TECHNOLOGIES
- 6.1. Combined technologies
- 6.1.1. Combined in one tag
- 6.1.2. Not combined in one tag
- 6.2. Parasitic Bluetooth and WiFi
- 6.2.1. Bluetooth
- 6.2.2. WiFi
- 6.2.3. Case study: Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center equipment USA
- 6.2.4. Case study: Birmingham Heartlands and Solihull NHS Trust patients
UK
- 6.2.5. Case study: Bon Secours Health System, equipment USA
- 6.2.6. Supplier case study G2 Microsystems
- 6.2.7. Case study: Aobaku schoolchildren, Japan
- 6.3. Infrared
- 6.3.1. Supplier case study: Versus Technology Inc USA
- 6.4. GPS and GSM, GPRS
- 6.4.1. Supplier case study: Wherify USA
- 6.4.2. Supplier case study: Sygade/ Max ID, South Africa/ UK
- 6.4.3. Supplier case study: Savi Technology
- 6.4.4. Case Study Dow Chemical
- 6.4.5. Supplier case study Siemens Roke Manor
7. PRIVACY ISSUES
8. MARKET SIZE AND FORECASTS
- 8.1. Market 1998 to 2008
- 8.2. Market 2009-2019
- 8.3. RFID Market 2009-2019: active versus passive
- 8.4. RTLS share
- 8.5. Trend in importance of different parts of the RTLS value chain
- 8.6. Geographical trends
- 8.7. Applicational trends
- 8.8. Trend of modes
- 8.9. Trend of frequencies
- 8.10. Shakeout in Real Time Locating Systems
- 8.11. Impressions from the IDTechEx Active RFID and RTLS Summit
- 8.12. The future of RTLS - mesh networks
APPENDIX 1: CONTACT DETAILS
APPENDIX 2: IDTECHEX PUBLICATIONS AND RESEARCH
APPENDIX 3: GLOSSARY
TABLES
- 1.1. Some factors driving greater use of RTLS
- 1.2. Examples of needs and concerns about RTLS in various sectors.
- 1.3. Examples of companies with RTLS systems or appropriate parts and
services and the sectors they address
- 2.1. Comparison of passive tag RTLS options
- 3.1. The commonly used licence free frequencies for active RFID
- 4.1. Required characteristics of an indoor positioning solution.
- 4.2. Specification of Activewave jumboTag
- 4.3. Equipment Rental Costs: Financial Results*
- 4.4. GSH equipment purchasing costs
- 4.5. Associate Satisfaction: Nursing Satisfaction Scores
- 6.1. Wherify view of RTLS options
- 8.1. Global market for RTLS in millions of dollars 1998 to 2008
- 8.2. Cumulative sales of RTLS systems to start of 2009
- 8.3. Forecast of global RTLS market by value in millions of dollars
2009-2019
- 8.4. Active versus Passive RFID tags, systems, software and services
2009-2019
- 8.5. RTLS technologies compared
- 8.6. Total market for active RFID including tags and systems
- 8.7. Examples of suppliers and developers of RTLS systems
FIGURES
- 2.1. Radianse view of the relative merits of some RTLS technologies
- 2.2. Example of Zonal RTLS
- 2.3. Example of a Sovereign Tracking Systems transceiver
- 2.4. RFCode tag and interrogator
- 2.5. The TAVIS system from RF Code
- 2.6. Trinity Terminal is the largest container handling facility in the UK
- 2.7. A NAVSTAR GPS satellite
- 2.8. Artist' s concept of the GPS satellite constellation
- 2.9. System configuration needed to locate, track and monitor assets using
an 802.11 network
- 2.10. AeroScout WiFi RTLS tags
- 2.11. AeroScout WiFi armbands
- 2.12. Complementary RFID technologies
- 2.13. Mojix Star system
- 3.1. License free frequencies across the world at UHF, changing all the
time
- 3.2. Technical performance for active RFID in crowded environments as a
function of frequency in the view of Savi Technology
- 3.3. UWB frequency spread compared with some alternative active RFID bands
in the microwave region
- 3.4. A Ubisense healthcare application of UWB active RFID
- 3.5. Range versus cost
- 3.6. Frequency versus range
- 4.1. Ubisense Screenshot: Typical on-stage spatial localisation zones
- 4.2. Ekahau WiFi tag
- 4.3. Watchlet Resident Bracelet
- 4.4. Activewave jumboTag
- 4.5. Healthcare Pilot tags
- 4.6. How the Healthcare Pilot RTLS system works
- 4.7. GSH equipment rental costs
- 4.8. GSH equipment purchasing costs
- 4.9. GSH associate satisfaction
- 4.10. Monitoring system for personnel tags
- 4.11. Zonal personnel tracking system
- 4.12. Using RFID to guide people
- 4.13. Miyake white navigation system
- 4.14. A Miyake LC Array chipless RFID tag
- 4.15. Hospital contact history and monitoring system
- 4.16. Scene at hospital
- 4.17. EIRIS Technology IRFIDTM Components
- 4.18. EIRIS Technology Tags
- 4.19. EIRIS Data collecting and equipment tags
- 4.20. EIRIS System Architecture
- 4.21. ELPAS' System Architecture
- 4.22. ELPAS' Healthcare Applications
- 4.23. A selection of UWB RFID tags
- 4.24. Overall strategic design
- 4.25. Patient track & alarm
- 4.26. Information systems in Wirral Hospital
- 4.27. Analysis - EDR/EIS
- 4.28. AeroScout WiFi RTLS tags
- 5.1. Real Time Locating Systems - long range triangulation and/or Time
Delay of Arrival
- 5.2. WhereNet System Components
- 5.3. Yanzou Mine
- 5.4. The TSI PRISM wireless (RFID) tracking system consists of three
primary components:
- 5.5. Tag attached at the gate
- 5.6. The tag broadcasts its ID signal at three regular intervals
- 5.7. Hostlers get instructions via wireless terminal
- 5.8. A WhereNet reader locating intermodal containers in a large yard.
- 6.1. Agility Healthcare Solutions' mobile asset management solution
- 6.2. AgileTracTM tracks the "state" of an asset
- 6.3. Versus combined IR/ RFID personnel locator and alarm
- 6.4. Hi-Efficiency Infrared (IR) Sensor (VER-4426)
- 6.5. Radio Frequency (RFID) Sensor (VER-4452)
- 6.6. Wherifone
- 6.7. Wherify system
- 6.8. Sygade active tags and tracking units
- 6.9. The LoCATe device combines GPS and GSM technologies with GPRS
- 8.1. Global market for RTLS in millions of dollars 1998 to 2008
- 8.2. Forecast of global RTLS market by value in millions of dollars
2009-2019
- 8.3. Active versus Passive RFID tags, systems, software and services
2009-2019
- 8.4. Total market for active RFID tags including systems
- 8.5. Asset tags from Axcess
- 8.6. Three generations of Active RFID
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