Table of Contents
Executive Summary
- Introduction
- What This Report Covers
- Three Scenarios: Incremental, Progressive, Transformational
- Table ES1: Forecast Assumptions by Scenario and Forecast Area
- Scenario Comparison
- Green Handset Shipments
- Figure ES1: Green Handset Shipments (m) Split By Scenario 2009-2014
- Table ES2: Green Handset Shipments (m) Split By Scenario 2009-2014
- No-Load CO2 Emissions
- Figure ES2: No-Load CO2 Emissions (Mt) Split By Scenario 2008-2014
- Table ES3: No-Load CO2 Emissions (Mt) Split By Scenario 2009-2014
- Recycled/Refurbished Handsets
- Figure ES3: Number of Recycled/Refurbished Handsets Split By Scenario
2009-2014
- Table ES4: Number of Recycled/Refurbished Handsets Split By Scenario
2009-2014
- Green App Downloads
- Figure ES4: Number of Green Application Downloads Split By Scenario
2009-2014
- Table ES5: Number of Green Application Downloads Split By Scenario
2009-2014
- Strategic Recommendations
1. The Need for Change
- 1.1 Introduction
- 1.2 The Global Drive for Climate Change
- 1.2.1 United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change
(UNFCCC)
- 1.2.2 Regional and National Legislation
- i. European Union
- a. RoHS & WEEE (Restriction of Hazardous Substances & Waste
Electrical & Electronic Equipment Directives)
- RoHS Direct Impact on the Mobile Industry: The Treo 650
- b. Carbon Trading: Obligations and Opportunities
- 1.3 Key Drivers for Environmentally Sustainable Business Practices
- 1.3.1 Regulatory:
- 1.3.2 Consumer-Driven:
- 1.3.3 Economic:
- 1.4 The Industry Response: IPP (Integrated Product Policy) Pilot
Project
- Figure 1.1: ICT Impacts and Opportunities
- Table 1.1: IPP Pilot Project Stages
- 1.5 The Growth of the Mobile Market and Its Environmental Impact
- 1.5.1 Mobile User Base
- Figure 1.2: Mobile Subscriber Base (m) Split by 8 Key Regions 2007-2014
- Table 1.2: Mobile Subscriber Base (m) Split by 8 Key Regions 2007-2014
- 1.5.2 CO2 Emissions Across the Mobile Industry
- Figure 1.3: Mobile Use Phase, CO2 Emissions, 2008
- i. Consumers
- ii. Radio Base Station
- iii. Network Control, Core & Data Servers
- 1.5.3 Reducing the Footprint
- Figure 1.4: Maintaining a Stable CO2 Footprint - Growth in Mobile
Subscriber Base vs CO2 Emissions Per User 2008-2014
- 1.6 Three Scenarios: Incremental, Progressive, Transformational
- Table 1.3: Forecast Assumptions by Scenario and Forecast Area
- Table 1.4: Top-line Scenario-Based Forecast Assumptions
2. A Greener Handset Lifecycle
- 2.1 Introduction
- Figure 2.1: Mobile Handset Lifecyle Process
- 2.2 Energy Efficiency in the Handset
- 2.3 Energy Efficiency in the Charger
- 2.3.1 Reducing No-Load Consumption and Unplugging the Charger
- Figure 2.2: Nokia Average No-Load Power Consumption (W), 2001-H1 2008
- Figure 2.3: No Load Consumption Chart
- i. Constraints:
- 2.3.2 The Universal Charger
- 2.4 Utilisation of Solar Powered Handsets or Solar Powered Chargers
- 2.4.1 Solar-powered Charging is Vital for Off-grid Consumers
- Table 2.1: Global Population Without Grid Access, By 8 Key Region
- i. Charging Booths
- Figure 2.4: Mobile Phone Charging Booth, Kampala, Uganda
- 2.4.2 Solar Powered Handsets
- i. Case Study: ZTE, Digicel and Safaricom
- Figure 2.5: Coral-200-Solar
- ii. Case Study: Samsung Blue Earth
- Figure 2.6: Samsung Blue Earth handset
- iii. Constraints
- 2.4.3 Solar Powered Chargers
- i. Case Study: Suntrica
- ii. Case Study: Better Energy Systems (Solio)
- iii. Constraints
- 2.5 Green Suppliers
- 2.6 Reducing Transport Emissions
- 2.7 Reducing Handset Packaging
- 2.7.1 Case Study: Sony Ericsson Greenheart
- 2.7.2 Constraints:
- 2.8 Recycling
- 2.8.1 Vendors
- i. Case Study: Nokia
- ii. Case Study: Motorola MOTO W233 Renew
- Figure 2.7: Motorola MOTO W233 Renew
- iii. Case Study: Sony Ericsson C901 and Naite
- Figure 2.8: Sony Ericsson C901 Greenheart and Naite
- iv. Case Study: Sony Ericsson Take Back Programme
- v. Case Study: Samsung Reclaim
- Figure 2.7 Samsung Reclaim Handset
- 2.8.2 Network Operators
- i. Case Study: Vodafone
- ii. Case Study: China Mobile
- iii. Case Study: MobileMuster
- iv. Case Study: Verizon Wireless
- Table 2.2: Verizon Wireless HopeLine, Collection, Recycling &
Donation Data, 2005-2007
- 2.9 Eco -Applications
- 2.9.1 Selected Green Applications
- i. we:offset
- ii. Ecorio
- Figure 2.9: Ecorio Screenshot
- iii. Green Meter
- iv. GoodGuide
- v. Green Perks
- 2.9.2 Augmented Reality
3. Forecasts
- 3.1 Green Handset Shipments
- 3.1.1 Definition
- 3.1.2 Methodology
- Figure 3.1: Total Mobile Handset Shipments (m) Split by 8 Key Regions
2009-2014
- Table 3.1: Total Mobile Handset Shipments (m) Split by 8 Key Regions
2009-2014
- Figure 3.2: Methodology Green Handset Shipments Market Forecasts
- 3.1.3 Incremental Scenario
- Table 3.2: Incremental - Green Handsets Shipped as Percentage of Total
Handset Shipments Split by 8 Key Regions 2009-2014
- Figure 3.3: Incremental - Total Volume of Green Handset Shipments (m)
Split by 8 Key Regions 2009-2014
- Table 3.3: Incremental - Total Volume of Green Handset Shipments (m)
Split by 8 Key Regions 2009-2014
- 3.1.4 Progressive Scenario
- i. Green Handset Shipments
- Table 3.4: Progressive - Green Handsets Shipped as Percentage of
Total Handset Shipments Split by 8 Key Regions 2009-2014
- Figure 3.4: Progressive - Total Volume of Green Handset Shipments
(m) Split by 8 Key Regions 2009-2014
- Table 3.5: Progressive - Total Volume of Green Handset Shipments (m)
Split by 8 Key Regions 2009-2014
- 3.1.5 Transformational Scenario
- Table 3.6: Transformational - Green Handsets Shipped as Percentage of
Total Handset Shipments Split by 8 Key Regions 2009-2014
- Figure 3.5: Transformational - Total Volume of Green Handset Shipments
(m) Split by 8 Key Regions 2009-2014
- Table 3.7: Transformational - Total Volume of Green Handset Shipments
(m) Split by 8 Regions 2009-2014
- 3.1.6 Scenario Comparison
- Figure 3.6: Green Handset Shipments (m) By Scenario 2009-2014
- Table 3.8: Green Handset Shipments (m) By Scenario 2009-2014
- 3.2 Charger No-Load Energy Emissions
- 3.2.1 Definition and Methodology
- Figure 3.7: Methodology No-Load Energy Emissions
- 3.2.2 Incremental Scenario
- Table 3.9: Incremental - Average Power Consumption (W) of Utilised
Chargers Split by Key Regions 2008-2014
- Table 3.10: Incremental - Average No-Load Charger Connection (Hours
Per Week) Global 2008-2014
- Figure 3.8: Incremental - No-Load Electricity Wasted by No-Load
Chargers (GWh) Split by Key Regions 2008-2014
- Table 3.11: Incremental - No-Load Electricity Wasted by No-Load
Chargers (GWh) Split by 8 Key Regions 2008-2014
- Figure 3.9: Incremental- C02 Emissions from No-load Chargers(Mt) Split
by 8 Key Regions 2008-2014
- Table 3.12: Incremental - C02 Emissions from No-load Chargers(Mt)
Split by 8 Key Regions 2008-2014
- 3.2.3 Progressive Scenario
- Table 3.13: Progressive - Average Power Consumption (W) of Utilised
Chargers Split by 8 Key Regions 2008-2014
- Table 3.14: Progressive - Average No-Load Charger Connection (H ours
Per Week) Global 2008-2014
- Figure 3.10: Progressive - No-Load Electricity Wasted by No-Load
Chargers (GWh) Split by Key Regions 2008-2014
- Table 3.15: Progressive - No-Load Electricity Wasted by No-Load
Chargers (GWh) Split 8 Key Regions 2008-2014
- Figure 3.11: Progressive - C02 Emissions from No-load Chargers(Mt)
Split by 8 Key Regions 2008-2014
- Table 3.16: Progressive - C02 Emissions from No-load Chargers(Mt)
Split by 8 Key Regions 2008-2014
- 3.2.4 Transformational Scenario
- Table 3.17: Transformational - Average Power Consumption (W) of
Utilised Chargers Split by 8 Key Regions 2008-2014
- Table 3.18: Transformational - Average No-Load Charger Connection
(Hours Per Week) Global 2008-2014
- Figure 3.12: Transformational - No-Load Electricity Wasted by No-Load
Chargers (GWh) Split by 8 Key Regions 2008-2014
- Table 3.19: Transformational - No-Load Electricity Wasted by No-Load
Chargers (GWh) Split by 8 Key Regions 2008-2014
- Figure 3.13: Transformational - C02 Emissions from No-load
Chargers(Mt) Split by 8 Key Regions 2008-2014
- Table 3.20: Transformational - C02 Emissions from No-load Chargers(Mt)
Split by 8 Key Regions 2008-2014
- 3.2.5 Scenario Comparison
- Figure 3.14: No-Load CO2 Emissions (Mt) By Scenario 2008-2014
- Table 3.21: No-Load CO2 Emissions (Mt) By Scenario 2008-2014
- 3.3 Recycled /Refurbished Handsets
- 3.3.1 Definition
- 3.3.2 Methodology
- Figure 3.15: Methodology - Handset Take-back Forecasts
- 3.3.3 Incremental Scenario
- Table 3.22: Incremental - Percentage of Handsets Recycled Split by 8
Key Regions 2009- 2014
- Figure 3.16: Incremental - Number of Recycled Handsets (m) Split by 8
Key Regions 2009- 2014
- Table 3.23: Incremental - Number of Recycled Handsets (m) Split by 8
Key Regions 2009- 2014
- 3.3.4 Progressive Scenario
- i. Recycled Handsets
- Table 3.24: Progressive - Percentage of Handsets Recycled Split By 8
Key Regions 2009-2014
- Figure 3.17: Progressive - Number of Recycled Handsets (m) Split by
8 Key Regions 2009-2014
- Table 3.25: Progressive - Number of Recycled Handsets (m) Split by 8
Key Regions 2009-2014
- 3.3.5 Transformational Scenario
- Table 3.26: Transformational - Percentage of Handsets Recycled Split
By 8 Key Regions 2009-2014
- Figure 3.18: Transformational - Number of Recycled Handsets (m) Split
by 8 Key Regions 2009-2014
- Table 3.27: Transformational - Number of Recycled Handsets (m) Split
by 8 Key Regions 2009-2014
- 3.3.6 Scenario Comparison
- Figure 3.19: Number of Recycled/Refurbished Handsets, By Scenario
2009-2014
- Table 3.28: Number of Recycled/Refurbished Handsets, By Scenario
2009-2014
- 3.4 Green Applications
- 3.4.1 Definition
- 3.4.2 Methodology
- Figure 3.20: Mobile App Downloads (m), Lifestyle & Healthcare/Finance
& Productivity Combined, Split by 8 Key Regions 2008-2014
- Table 3.29: Mobile App Downloads (m), Lifestyle & Healthcare/Finance &
Productivity Combined, Split by 8 Key Regions 2008-2014
- Figure 3.21: Methodology - Green Application Downloads
- 3.4.3 The Impact of Green Applications
- 3.4.4 Incremental Scenario
- Table 3.30: Incremental - Total of Green Application Downloads (m)
Split by 8 Key Regions 2008-2014
- Healthcare/Finance & Productivity App Downloads Split by 8 Key Regions
2008-2014
- Figure 3.22: Incremental - Total of Green Application Downloads (m)
Split by 8 Key Regions 2008-2014
- Table 3.31: Incremental - Total of Green Application Downloads (m)
Split by 8 Key Regions 2008-2014
- 3.4.5 Progressive Scenario
- Healthcare/Finance & Productivity App Downloads Split by 8 Key Regions
2008-2014
- Figure 3.23: Progressive -Total of Green Application Downloads (m)
Split by 8 Key Regions 2008-2014
- Table 3.33: Progressive -Total of Green Application Downloads (m)
Split by 8 Key Regions 2008-2014
- 3.4.6 Transformational Scenario
- Healthcare/Finance & Productivity App Downloads Split by 8 Key Regions
2008-2014
- Figure 3.24: Transformational - Total of Green Application Downloads
(m) Split by 8 Key Regions 2008-2014
- Table 3.35: Transformational - Total of Green Application Downloads
(m) Split by 8 Key Regions 2008-2014
- 3.4.7 Scenario Comparison
- Figure 3.25: Number of Green Application Downloads Split By Scenario
2008-2014
- Table 3.36: Number of Green Application Downloads Split By Scenario
2008-2014
4. Environmentally Sustainable Business Practice
- 4.1 Introduction
- 4.1.1 Greenpeace Guide to Greener Electronics
- Table 4.1: Greenpeace Greener Electronics Vendor Rankings, July 2009
- 4.2 Environmental Management
- 4.2.1 Waste Management
- i. Network-related Waste
- ii. Tertiary Waste
- 4.3 Teleconferencing and Teleworking
- 4.3.1 Case Study: TelePresence
- Figure 4.1: Tandberg TelePresence T3 Videoconferencing Suite
- 4.4 Greener Transport
- 4.4.1 Greener Cars
- 4.4.2 Offset Fleet Emissions
- 4.4.3 Car Pooling
- 4.4.4 Alternative Means of Travel
- 4.5 Efficiencies in Online Data Storage
- 4.5.1 Case Studies: AT & T
- 4.6 Paperless Billing
- Figure 4.2: Orange (France Telecom), Consumer Uptake of Paperless
Billing, Fixed and Mobile Customers 2008
- Table 4.2: Hypothetical Reduction in Paper Wastage & CO2 Emissions Based
on 50% Adoption of Paperless Billing, Selected Markets
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