Table of Contents
Glossary
Executive Summary
- The Chinese Telecoms Opportunity
- Figure ES1: Telecom Revenue Growth Rate(%) vs. GDP Growth Rate in China
(%)
- Table ES1: Telecom Revenue Growth Rate(%) vs. GDP Growth Rate in China
(%)
- The 3G Opportunity
- Regulations & Navigating the System
- Market Entry Strategies for ‘Foreign' Participants
- Standards & Technological Challenges
- W-VAS Chinese Operator Strategies
- Figure ES2: China Mobile Blended MOU ($) and Blended ARPU ($)
- Figure ES3: China Unicom GSM & CDMA ARPU ($)Trend
- Figure ES4: China Mobile VAS Revenue Mix ($m)
- Figure ES5: China Unicom W-VAS Revenues ($bn) & Total Service Revenues
(%), 2004,2005,2006
- Table ES2: Total SMS Volume in China (bn) 2003 - 2006
- Issues of Convergence
- Table ES3: Internet Connect Method: Broadband User (%) 2002-2006
- Figure ESS: Internet Connect Method: Broadband User (%) 2002-2006
- Understanding the Monternet & Uni-Info W-VAS Business Model
- Figure ES6: The Monternet & Uni-Info Business Model - Revenue Share
- Positioning & Strategies of Other Key Players
- Market Forecasts
- Figure ES7: Mobile Phone Subscriber Base(m) Forecast2007-2012
- Figure ES8: 3G Subscriber Base (m) Forecast 2007- 2012
- Figure ES9: Voice and Data Revenues ($bn) 2007 -2012
- Table ES4: Voice and Data Revenues ($bn)2007-2012
- Table ES5: 3G Market Revenue ($m) Forecast,2007-2012
- Figure ES10: 3G Market Revenue ($bn) Forecast, 2007 - 2012
- ‘Hot' Applications Forecast
- Mobile tv / Mobile Video
- Table ES6: Mobile tv / Video Subscribers(m) & Revenue Forecast
($m)2007-2012
- Ringtones and Mobile Music
- Table ES7: Total Mobile Music & 3G Mobile Music Revenue ($m) Forecast
2007-2012
- Mobile Games
- Table ES8: Total Mobile Games and 3G Mobile Games Revenue($m) Forecast
2007-2012
- SMS/MMS
- Table ES9: SMS/MMS and 3G SMS/MMS Market($m) Forecast 2007-2012
- Location Based Services
- Table ES10: Mobile LBS Market($m) and Subscriber(m) Forecast 2007-201
- Potential Hurdles
- Government Involvement
- Guanxi
- Market Access and the Value Chain
- Figure ES11: The Generic Model of W-VAS Value Chain - The Evolving New
Model for the Chinese W-VAS Market
- Handsets
- Table ES11: China Handsets In-Use(m) and Growth (%)2007-2012
- Market Entry Models
- Figure ES12: Market Entry Model: Wholly Owned Foreign Enterprise (WOFE)
- Figure ES13: Market Entry Model through Partnerships
- Conclusion
1. Market Review
- 1.1 Current Developments Influencing China' s Telecom Service
Industry
- 1.1.1 Growth of the Chinese Telecom Service Industry
- Table 1.1: Chinese Telecoms Revenue Growth Rate(%) vs. GDP Growth
Rate(%)
- Table 1.2: Basic Telecommunications & Value Added Services(VAS)
Telecommunications Revenue Growth Rate(%) vs. GDP(%)
- 1.1.2 Mobile Phone Subscription Growth
- Figure l.1: Growth of Subscribers (m) 2001 - 2006
- Table 1.3: Growth of Subscribers (m) 2001-2006
- 1.1.3 Growth of the Internet and Broadband Sectors
- Figure 1.2: Connect Method: Broadband User % 2002 - 2006 %
- Table 1.4: Broadband Internet Connections as a % of Total Connections,
2002-2006
- 1.2 3G Market Drivers
- 1.2.1 The Revenue Growth Challenge
- Figure 1.3: Revenue ($bn) & Growth Rates (%) 2001-2005
- Table 1.5: Revenue($bn) & Growth Rates(%) 2001-2005
- Figure 1.4: Telecom Sales Volumes($bn) vs. Revenues($bn) 2001-2005
- Table 1.6: Telecom Sales Volumes vs. Revenues ($bn)2001-2005
- 1.2.2 ARPU & ARPM
- Figure 1.4: Mobile ARPU and ARPM, Fixed ARPU and ARPM($) 2002-2005
- Table 1.7: Mobile ARPU and ARPM, Fixed ARPU and ARPM ($) 2003-2006
- 1.2.3 Technology Convergence and the Development of Value Added Services
2. The Impact of 3G Regulations
- 2.1 The Regulatory Regime: Multi-Government Department Control
- 2.1.1 The Regulator-Ministry of Information (MII)
- a. Regulations on Telecommunications of the Peoples Republic of China
- 2.1.2 The Regulator-SARFT(State Administration for Radio,Film and
Television)
- 2.1.3. The Regulator-The Ministry of Culture
- 2. The VAS Licensing System
- 2.2.1 Licenses for Different Types of Content
- 2.2.2 Requirements & Timescales
- 2.3 The Control of Public Security
- 2.3.1 Media- The Country' s “Throat and Tongue”
- 2.3.2 Censorship Systems
- 2.3.3 Internet Service Provider Requirements
- 2.4 The Regulations for W-VAS
- 2.4.1 Categorisation of Telecommunications Services
- 2.4.2 WTO and Foreign Participation in Value Added Services Provision in
the Chinese Telecommunications Industry
- Table 2.1: China' s Commitments on Foreign Direct Investment in
Telecommunications Under its WTO Service Schedule
- 2.5 Implications for Foreign Participants Entering the VAS Market
- 2.6 Issuance of 3G Licenses
- 2.6.1 3G Standards and the Implications of TD-SCDMA
- i. The Three Competing Standards
- ii. The Role and Positioning of TD-SCDMA
- 2.6.2 Latest Developments in the Licensing of TD-SCDMA
3. Major Operator 3G Strategies
- 3.1 The Six Telecom Service Operators
- 3.1.1 China Mobile
- i. The Company
- ii. Market Share & Business Performance
- Figure 3.1:China Mobile Subscriber Base-Prepay and
Contract(m)2004-2006
- Table 3.1: China Mobile Subscriber Base (m) - Prepay and Contract-
2004-2006
- iii. Opportunities and Challenges:Declining APRU & VAS Development
- a. Declining ARPU
- Figure 3.2:China Mobile Blended MOU and Blended ARPU($)2001-2006
- Table :3.2:China Mobile-Blended Minutes of Use(MOU)and Blended
ARPU($)
- b. Development & Contribution of Value Added Services
- Figure 3.3: China Mobile VAS Revenues($bn)2004-2006
- Table 3.3: China Mobile VAS Revenues ($bn) 2004-2006
- Figure 3.4: China Mobile VAS Revenue Mix ($m)-2005 vs. 2006
- Table 3.4: China Mobile VAS Revenue Mix ($m)-2005 vs. 2006
- iv. China Mobile and 3G
- a.China Mobile 3G Roll Out Plans
- b. 3G Services
- c. Mobile Music
- Figure 3.5:China Mobile Colour Ring Back Tone (CRBT) Users(m) &
Revenues($m),2005 vs. 2006
- Table 3.5:China Mobile Colour Ring Back Tone (CRBT) Users(m) &
Revenues($m)
- d. Mobile Search
- 3.1.2 China Unicom
- i. The Company
- ii. Market Share and Business Performance
- Figure 3.6:China Unicom Subscriber Base(m)2004-2006
- Table 3.6:China Unicom Subscriber Base(m)2004-2006
- iii. Opportunities and Challenges:DecliningARPUandVAS Development
- a. Subscriber Profiles and Declining ARPU
- Table 3.7: China Unicom-GSM & CDMA ARPU Trend ($) 2004-2006
- Figure 3.7:China Unicom-GSM & CDMA ARPU Trend($)2004-2006
- b. Development & Contribution of Value Added Services
- Table 3.8: China Unicom W-VAS Revenues($bn) & Percentage of Total
Service Revenue (%), 2004-2006
- Figure 3.8: China Unicom W-VAS Revenues($bn) & Percentage of Total
Service Revenues
- iv. China Unicom and 3G
- 3.1.3 China Telecom
- i. The Company
- ii. Market Share & Business Performance
- iii. Opportunities and Challenges
- a. Declining ARPU
- b. VAS Development
- Table 3.9: SMS and CRT Users (m) 2006
- iv. China Telecom and 3G
- 3.1.4. China Netcom
- i. The Company
- ii. Market Share and Business Performance
- iii. Opportunities and Challenges
- Table 3.10: China Netcom - CRBT & Broadband Subscribers (m), SMS
Volumes (bn)
- iv. China Netcom and 3G
- 3.1.5. China Satellite
- i. The Company
- ii. Business Performance Highlights
- iii. The Challenge
- iv. China Satcom and 3G
- 3.1.6 China Tietong
- i. The Company
- ii. Business Highlights
- iii.China Tietong and 3G
- 3.2 Key Points: The Six Operators
- 3.2.1.China Mobile & China Unicam
- 3.2.2. China Telecom
- 3.2.3 China Tietong
- 3.3 Market Share
- Figure 3.9: Telecom Service Carrier Market Share by Revenue(%) 200S
- Figure 3.10: Telecom Service Carrier Market Share by Investment (%)2005
4. W-VAS Operator Business Models
- 4.1. Monternet
- 4.1.1 The Establishment of Monternet
- i. The Service Platform: MISC (Mobile Information Service Centre)
- Table : 4.1 Monternet Usage -SMS, WAP, MMS(m)
- 4.1.2 The Business Model
- Figure 4.1:Monternet Business Model
- 4.1.3 Revenue Sharing Practices
- Figure 4.2: Monternet' s Revenue Sharing Model
- 4.2. Uni-Info
- 4.2.1 The Establishment of Uni-Info
- 4.2.2 The Business Model
- 4.2.3 The Revenue Sharing Model
5. China W-VAS Market: Major Players
- 5.1 The Internet Portals
- 5.1.1 Sina Corporation
- i. Company Profile
- ii. Composition of Revenue
- Table S.1: Sina Revenue Mix ($m)-Advertising, M-VAS, Others 2003-2006
- Figure 5.1: Sina Revenue Mix ($m)- Advertising, M-VAS, Others
2003-2006
- iii. M-VAS Strategy-Partnerships and the Product Mix
- a. Strategic Partnerships
- b. Product Mix
- iv. 3G Opportunities and Challenges
- a.M-VAS Performance Analysis
- b. 3G Strategy
- 5.1.2 Net Ease .cam Inc.
- i. Company Profile
- ii. Composition of Revenue
- Figure 5.2: Net Ease Revenue Mix ($m)- Online Games, Advertising and
W-VAS, 2003-2006
- Table 5.2: Net Ease Revenue Mix ($m)- Online Games, Advertising and
W-VAS, 2003-2006
- iii W-VAS Strategy : Partnerships and the Product Mix
- a. Strategic Partnerships
- b. Product Mix
- iv. 3G Opportunities and Challenges
- 5.1.3 Sohu Corp
- i. Company Profile
- ii. Composition of Revenue
- Table 5.3: Sohu Revenue Mix ($m) - Advertising, W-VAS, Others,
2004-2006
- Figure 5.3: Sohu Revenue Mix ($m)-Advertising, W-VAS, Others,
2004-2006
- iii.W-VAS Strategy : Partnerships and the Product Mix
- a. Strategic Partnerships
- b. Product Mix
- iv. 3G Opportunities and Challenges
- 5.2. The Pure Players
- 5.2.1 Tom Online Inc.
- i. The Company
- ii. W-VAS Strategy
- a. Product Mix
- Figure 5.4: Tom Online Revenue Mix ($m)-SMS, MMS, WAP, IVR, CRBT,
Others, 2003-2005
- Table 5.4: Tom Online Revenue Mix
($m)-SMS,MMS,WAP,IVR,CRBT,Others, 2004-2006
- b.Fee Structures and Revenue Channels
- Table 5.5: Fee Structures for SMS, MMS, WAP by Operator
- iii Tom Online Development Trends and 3G
- a. Product Offering Enhancement: Acquisition & Partnership
- b. Product Mix Diversification : Long-term Strategic Initiatives
- 5.2.2 Linktone Ltd
- i. The Company
- ii. M-VAS Strategy
- a. Product Mix
- Figure 5.5: Linktone Revenue Mix -SMS, MMS/WAP/JAVA, Audio, Casual
Games, Others 2003-2005 ($m)
- Table 5.6: Linktone Revenue Mix -SMS, MMS/WAP/JAVA, Audio, Casual
Games, Others 2003-2005 ($m)
- b. Revenue Channel
- iii. Linktone Development Trends and 3G
- a.Product Offering Enhancement: Organic In-house Development
- b.Product Offering Diversification: New Partnerships
- c. Transforming the Business Model: A New Interactive Media Model
- d. Operator Channel Diversification
- e. Strengthen Marketing Channels
- Figure 5.6: Linktone Local on-the-Ground Sales Team
- 5.2.3 Kongzhong
- i. The Company
- ii. W-VAS Strategy
- a. Product Mix
- Table 5.7: Kongrhong Revenue Mix ($m) - WAP, MMS, JAVA, SMS,
2003-2005
- Figure 5.7: Kongzhong Revenue Mix ($m)- WAP, MMS,JAVA,SMS,
2003-2005
- b. Revenue Channel
- iv. Kongzhong Development Trends and 3G
- a. Product Offering Enhancement: Product Diversification
- Table 5.8: Kongrhong Product Mix- WAP, MMS,JAVA, 2G,SMS, IVR,
CRBT, Others Q4' 05-Q4' 06 (%)
- b. Revenue Channel Enhancement: Operator Channel Diversification
- c. Strategic Investment and Acquisition
- d. WAP Branding
- e. Nationwide Sales and Marketing Offices
- f. Joint Marketing Programme
- 5.2.4 Hurray
- i. The Company
- ii. W-VAS Strategy
- a. Product Mix
- Figure 5.8: Hurray! Revenue Mix ($m)200-2006
- Table 5.9: Hurray! Revenue Mix ($m) - SMS, IVR, CRBT, WAP, MMS,
2004 - 2006
- b. Revenue Channels
- iii. Hurray! Development Trends and 3G
- a.Product Offering Enhancement: Acquisition and Strategic Investment
- b. Product Diversification
- 5.3 Other Players
- 5.3.1 Arena Mobile
- i. The Company
- ii. The Product
- iii. The Development Trend: aNew Third Line of Business-Mobile TV
- 5.4 Analysis & Positioning of Chinese W-VAS Providers
- 5.4.1 Composition of Revenue : W-VAS vs Non W-VAS
- Figure 5.9: Revenue($m) by 7 Service Providers - W-VAS & Non W-VAS,
2005
- Table 5.10: Revenue ($m) by 7 Service Providers - W-VAS & Non W-VAS,
2005
- Figure 5.10: Service Provider Revenue Mix (%)- Advertising, Non
Advertising, (Sohu, Sina, Net Ease)
- 5.4.2 Strategic Diversification & Business Model Transformation
- Figure 5.11: Hurray! Diversification Strategy-By Operator, Product Mix
& Distribution Channel
6. Market Forecasts: 3G Market Size, Growth and Opportunities
- 6.1 Market Forecast Methodology
- 6.2 Industry Culture & Characteristics
- 6.2.1 Disparity of Development in Cities
- i. Quantifying Market Potential
- Figure 6.1: Mobile Penetration Rate Comparison by Country(% unit/100
people) 2005
- ii. Economic Disparity and the Impact on the Telecommunications
Industry
- a. Comparisons between Chinese Regions
- Table 6.1: Chinese Fixed Line Penetration Rates(%), East,Central,
West China, 2001-2006
- Figure 6.2: Chinese Fixed Line Penetration Rates(%), East,Central,
West China, 2001-2006
- Figure 6.3: Chinese Mobile Penetration Rate(%), East,Central, West
China, 2001-2006
- Table 6.2: Chinese Mobile Penetration Rate (%), East Central, West
China, 2001-2006
- Figure 6.4: Top10 Mobile Subscriber Cities(m)in China in 2005
- Table 6.3: Top 10 Mobile Subscriber Cities (m) in China in 2005
- Table 6.4: Top 10 Cities for Telecom Fixed Asset Investment ($bn)
in China in 2005
- Figure 6.5: Top 10 Cities for Telecom Fixed Asset Investment ($bn)
in China in 2005
- 6.2.2 Economic Disparity and Impact on the W-VAS Market
- a. Alcatel-Lucent Technologies-Research Study
- Figure 6.6: Cites and Locations of East, West and Central China
- 6.3 Market Size
- 6.3.1 Mobile Phone Subscriptian Forecasts for China
- Figure 6.7: Chinese Mobile Phone Subscriber Forecast (m) & Growth(%)
2007-2012
- Table 6.5: Chinese Mobile Phone Subscriber Forecast (m) & Growth(%)
2007-2012
- i. Top 10 Cities
- Table 6.6: Top 10 Chinese Cities by Mobile Subscribers (m)
Forecasts, 2006-2012
- ii. Guangdong Market
- iii. Shandong Market
- 6.3.2 China 3G Subscriber Forecasts
- i. 3G Roll Out Plans & Priorities
- ii Forecast Basis and Assumptions
- iii. Estimates for the Chinese Regions & Cities
- Figure 6.9: Chinese 3G Subscriber Forecasts (m) 2008-2012
- Table 6.7: Chinese 3G Subscriber Forecasts (m)2008-2012
- Table 6.8: Chinese 3G Subscriber Forecasts (m) for the Top10 Cities,
2008-2012
- 6.3.3 Chinese Mobile Market Forecasts
- Table 6.9: Chinese Blended Mobile ARPU Forecast($) 2007-2012
- Figure 6.11: Chinese Blended Mobile ARPU Forecast($) 2007-2012
- Figure 6.12: Chinese Mobile Revenue Forecasts ($bn)-Voice & Data,
2007-2012
- Table 6.10: Chinese Mobile Revenue Forecasts ($bn)-Voice & Data,
2007-2012
- 6.3.4 Chinese 3G Revenue Forecasts
- i. 3G ARPU
- Figure 6.13: Chinese 3G Blended ARPU Forecast($),2007-2012
- Table 6.11: Chinese 3G Blended ARPU Forecast($),2008-2012
- ii. Chinese 3G Revenues & Market Value
- Figure 6.14: Chinese 3G Market Revenue Forecast ($m)- Voice & Data,
2008-2012
- Table 6.12: Chinese 3G Market Revenue Forecast ($m)- Voice & Data,
2008-2012
- 6.4. Hot Applications
- 6.4.1 Research Findings from Ericsson' s Chinese Research
- i. Features Valued by Chinese Consumers
- Table 6.13: Attractive data Services for Different Consumer Groups
- ii. Enterprise Requirements
- iii. Demand for Content
- iv. Handset Requirements
- 6.4.2 Alcatel-Lucent Chinese Research Study Findings
- i. Enterprise Services in Demand
- ii. Consumer Services in Demand
- Table 6.14: Difference in Consumer and Enterprise Customers
Requirements
- 6.4.3 Mobile TV & Video Opportunity
- i. Market Dryers
- a. Mobile 365
- b. The Enablers
- c. Development Issues
- Licensing
- Technical Standards
- Content
- ii. Market Size & Competition
- Figure 6.15: Chinese Mobile TV / Video Subscribers(m) and Revenue
Forecast ($m), 2007-2012
- Table 6.15: Chinese Mobile TV/ Video Subscribers (m) and Revenue
Forecast ($m), 2007-2012
- 6.4.4 Ringtones and Mobile Music
- i. Market Drivers
- a. Player Strategies & Developments
- b. Piracy
- ii. Value Chain
- iii. Market Size & Growth
- a. Mobile Music in W-VAS Sector
- b. 3G Mobile Music Market Growth
- Table 6.16: Chinese Mobile Music and 3G Mobile Music Market
Forecast ($m), 2007-2012
- Figure 6.16: Chinese Mobile Music and 3G Mobile Music Market
Forecast($m), 2007-2012
- 6.4.5 Mobile Games
- i. Market Drivers
- ii. Market Size & Growth
- Figure 6.17: Chinese Total Mobile Games and 3G Games Market Forecast
($m), 2007-2012
- Table 6.17: Chinese Total Mobile Games and 3G Games Market Forecast
($m), 2007-2012
- 6.4.6 SMS Market
- i. Market Drivers
- Table 6.18: SMS Usage Volume (m) - China Mobile 2000-2005
- ii. Market Size & Growth
- Table 6.19: Chinese SMS Volumes (bn), 2003-2006
- Figure 6.18: Chinese SMS/MMS Market Value and 3G SMS/MMS Market
Value ($m), 2007-2012
- Table 6.20: Chinese SMS/MMS Market Value and 3G SMS/MMS Market
Value($m),2007-2012
- 6.4.7 Location Based Services
- i. deCarta
- a. The Company and the Product
- b. The Value Chain
- Figure 6.19: Location Based Services - deCarta' s Value Chain
- c. Market Entry
- d. Pricing Model
- ii. Market Drivers for LBS in China
- iii. Market Size & Growth
- Figure 6.20: Chinese Mobile LBS Subscribers (m) & Revenues ($m),
2007-2012
- Table :6.21: Chinese Mobile LBS Subscribers(m) & Revenues($m),
2007-2012
- 6.5 Summary
7.Market Entry Strategy - Potential Barriers & Hurdles
- 7.1 An Emerging Economy in Transition
- 7.1.1 MII Rule Changes for the VAS Market
- i. The Changing Regulatory Environment for Mobile Value Added Services
- a. Double Confirmation for Purchases
- b. Subscriber Pricing & Service Reminder Requirements
- c. Free Trial Period Requirements
- 7.1.2 The Impact of Restrictions on the Exchange of Foreign Currency
- 7.1.3 Intellectual Property & Copyright Issues
- 7.1.4 Content Localisation
- 7.2 Business Culture
- 7.2.1 Language
- 7.2.2 Guanxi
- i. What is “Guanxi”?
- ii. “Guanxi” Strategy
8. Market Access and the W-VAS Value Chain
- 8.1.Operator Development Plans
- 8.1.1 Direct Involvement of Content Providers
- i. Alliances & Partnerships
- 8.1.2 New Service Strategy
- 8.2 Implications for the W-VAS Value Chain
- Figure 8.1: Phase 1: The Generic Model of the Chinese W-VAS Value Chain
- Figure 8.2: Phase 11: The Generic Model of the Chinese W-VAS Value Chain
- Figure 8.3: The Generic Model of Chinese W-VAS Value Chain - The
Evolving New Model for Telecom Operators
- Figure 8.4: China Power Distribution in the Evolving Value Chain
- Figure 8.5: The Generic Model of Chinese W-VAS Value Chain - The
Evolving Model for W-VAS Providers
- Figure 8.6: China Power Distribution for Service Providers Evolving Model
- Figure 8.7: The Generic Model of Chinese W-VAS Value Chain - The
Evolving New Model for the W-VAS Market
- 8.2.1 Gaining Market Access-Strategic Alliance and the Value Chain
9.Opportunity Appraisal
- 9.1 Handset Market
- 9.1.I Handset Production in China
- i. The 3G Opportunity
- Figure 9.1: Chinese Mobile Handset Market Shipment (m) Forecast
2007-2012
- Table 9.1: Chinese Mobile Handset Market Shipment (m)
Forecast2007-2012
- 9.1.2 Leading Handset Manufacturers in China
- Figure 9.2:Top 5 Mobile Handset Manufacturers in China, Output
Volume(m)1H2006
- Figure 9.3:Top 5 Mobile Handset Manufacturers in China, Handset Sales
Volume 1H 2006, Domestic Shipment vs. 1H 2006 Export Shipment (m)
- Table 9.2: Top 5 Mobile Handset Manufacturers in China, Output
Volume(m) 1H 2006
- 9.2 Case Study: Ericsson China
- 9.2.1 The Company
- 9.2.2 Service Layer and Systems Integration Unit
- 9.2.3 Key 3G Opportunities
- i.Public Safety Solutions
- ii.Service Delivery Platform(SDP)
- iii. An Aggregator
- 9.3 Case Study: BT Movio
- 9.3.1 The Company & its Role in China
- 9.3.2 The Projects: Innovation and Manufacturing Outsourcing
- i. Innovation and Flexibility
- ii. Mutual Benefits
- 9.4 Case Study: DiBcom
- 9.4.1 The Company
- 9.4.2 The Project: Specialised ICT Components Outsourcing
- Figure 9.3: The Value Chain (DiBcom)
- 9.5 Case Study: GSR Ventures
- 9.5.1 The Company
- 9.5.2 Projects
10. Market Entry and Future Outlook
- 10.1 Market Entry Models
- 10.1.1 Market Entry Model
- 10.1.2 Lengthy and Complicated Application Process
- Figure 10.1: VAS Licence Applications Process
- Figure 10.2: Market Entry Model through Partnerships
- 10.1.3 Two Forms of Investment: JV vs. WFOE
- Figure 10.3: Kongzhong' s Organisational Structure
- Figure 10.4: Market Entry Model: WFOE
- 10.2 Industry Outlook
- Appendix 1: Web Addresses for Companies Included in Report
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