The Definitive Guide to: Mobile Positioning with GPS, Terrestrial Positioning, Non-cellular (RFID and WiFi) Positioning

Table of Contents

Introduction

Overall Purpose

Why Is Mobile Positioning Important?

Mobile Positioning Technologies

Introduction to Positioning

Location Determination Methods (Non-Telephony)

Landmarks

Dead Reckoning

Celestial Navigation

Magnetic Tracking

Location Determination Methods for Mobile Applications

Location Positioning Determination Technologies

Satellite-Types Overview

Geostationary Satellites

Medium Earth Orbits

Low Earth Orbit Satellites

Elliptical Orbit Satellites

The Global Positioning System

Overview

GPS Coverage

GPS Calculations

Satellite Position Determination

GPS Device Distance From A Satellite Calculation

GPS Device Location Calculation

GPS Error Sources

• Selective Availability
• Tropospheric Delays
• Ionosphere Delays
• Multi-Path Delays
• GDOP/Visibility Delay

GPS Calculation Refinement

• Pseudo-Ranges
• Differential Correction
• WAAS

Other Considerations

• Alternatives to GPS
• Time To First Fix
• Cold Start
• Autonomous Start
• Warm Star
• Hot Start
• Obscuration

GPS Technical Data

Assisted GPS

A-GPS Historical Background

How A-GPS Works

GPS-Based Mobile Applications

Overview

Critical Success Factors

Business Case Development

Terrestrial Network-Based Location Technologies

Overview

GSM

History of GSM

Architecture

• Mobile Station
• Base Station Subsystem
• BTS
• BSC
• LMU
• Network and Switching Subsystem
• MSC
• HLR
• VLR
• EIR
• SMLC
• GMLC

Operations and Support Subsystem

GSM Location Management (Cell Handover for LBS)

GSM Basic Location Management

• Cell ID
• Cell and Sector
• Timing Advance

Time Difference of Arrival (TDOA) and Angle of Arrival (AOA)

What Happened to Enhanced Observed Time Difference (E-OTD)

E-OTD versus TDOA

Comparing Handset-Based and Network-Based Location Strategies

RFID

• RFID Overview
• RFID Applications
• RFID Dimensions

The Strategic Implications of Wal-Marts RFID Mandate

Wi-Fi

Wi-Fi/802.11 Overview

FHSS

DSSS

Specifications Overview

• 801.11
• 802.11a
• 802.11b
• 802.11g

Wi-Fi Location Technology

Received Signal Strength (RSSI)

Pattern Matching

Wireless Grid

Wi-Fi Location-Enabled Applications