Abstract
This new Biennial Report covers advanced Internet Protocol techniques
including: IPv4 address space, packet classification in routers, Ternary
Content Addressable Memory (TCAM), Tree-Bitmap Algorithm, Network Address
Translation (NAT), NAT traversal techniques, Simple Traversal of UDP over NAT
(STUN ), Traversal Using Relay NAT (TURN) Interactive Connectivity
Establishment (ICE), deep packet inspection, Application Level Gateways
(ALGs), interior gateway protocols, IS-IS, OSPF, Border Gateway Protocol
(BGP), Routing Information Base (RIB), link-state and distance-vector routing
protocols, Autonomous System networks, Regional Internet Registries, the
transit and border routers of the Default Free Zone (DFZ), multihomed border
routers, the ‘global BGP routing table' , Multiprotocol Label Switching
(MPLS), Resource Reservation Protocol-Traffic Engineering (RSVP-TE), MPLS Fast
Rerouting and Pseudo-Wires, Label Switched Paths (LSPs), stacked MPLS labels,
Penultimate Hop Popping, Forwarding Equivalent Class (FEC), Traffic
Engineering (TE), MPLS Layer 2 Virtual Private Networks (VPNs), Cisco' s NGN
and ‘Video 2.0' , Set-Top Boxes (STBs), Protocol Independent Multicasting
with Source Specific Multicast (PIM-SSM), Internet Group Management Protocol
(GMPv2) multicast requests, IntServ, DiffServ, DiffServ CodePoint (DSCP),
Explicit Congestion Notification (ECN), E.164, ENUM, Regular Expressions,
IPTEL, TRIP, E164.org, SIP Broker, Distributed Universal Number Discovery
(DUNDi), Asterisk, AsteriskNOW, Evolution PBX, Trixbox, SIP Express Router,
SipX and Yate.
This Technology Handbook also contains discussion of:
- Difficulty of developing applications which traverse NAT.
- Example of MPLS path establishment with RSVP-TE.
- Tutorial on BGP operation.
- Next Generation Network (NGN) work by the ITU, ECMA and ETSI-TISPAN.
- Cisco' s IP-multicast-based NGN which supports IPTV and Video-on-Demand (VoD).
- Review of major VoIP server platforms.
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