Role of Wireless Communications in Intelligent Transportation Systems: Technologies and Markets

1. Introduction

• 1.1 Goal
• 1.2 IEEE 802.11
• 1.3 Project 25
• 1.4 Scope
• 1.5 Research Methodology
• 1.6 Target Audience

2.0 Intelligent Transportation Systems

• 2.1 General
• 2.2 History: U.S.
• 2.3 ITS Architecture: U.S.
• 2.4 Technologies
• 2.5 ITS Applications
• 2.6 National Transportation Communications for ITS Protocol (NTCIP)

3.0 Wireless Communications Protocols: 5.9 GHz DSRC Basis

• 3.1 General
• 3.2 IEEE 802.11p
  • 3.2.1 General
  • 3.2.2 Objectives and Status
  • 3.2.3 5.9 GHz Transmission Advantages
  • 3.2.4 Major Features
• 3.3 IEEE 1609
  • 3.3.1 General
  • 3.3.2 Overview
  • 3.3.3 Relationship
  • 3.3.4 IEEE 1556
• 3.4 Other
• 3.5 5.9 GHz DSRC Technology
  • 3.5.1 History
  • 3.5.2 Licensing
  • 3.5.3 Equipment
  • 3.5.4 Details: Dedicated Short Range Communications
  • 3.5.5 Channel Designation
  • 3.5.6 Service Categories
  • 3.5.7 Applications
  • 3.5.8 5.9 GHz DSRC Characteristics (U.S.)
  • 3.5.9 DSRC at Work
  • 3.5.9.1 Priorities
  • 3.5.10 Requirements: DSRC
  • 3.5.11 Regulation
  • 3.5.12 Comparison
• 3.6 DSRC Worldwide Standard Activity
  • 3.6.1 General
  • 3.6.2 Process
  • 3.6.3 Directions
  • 3.6.4 ISO Additions
  • 3.6.5 SAE Activity
  • 3.6.6 OmniAir Consortium
  • 3.6.7 Program
  • 3.6.8 Japan
  • 3.6.9 Korea
  • 3.6.10 Brazil
• 3.7 5.9 GHz DSRC Benefits and Limitations
  • 3.7.1 General
  • 3.7.2 Toll Industry Benefits
• 3.8 Examples
• 3.9 RFID and DSRC: Similarities and Differences
• 3.10 Market
  • 3.10.1 Market Drivers
  • 3.10.2 Market Requirements
  • 3.10.3 Data
  • 3.10.4 Market Estimate
• 3.11 Vendors
  • Arinc
  • Cornet
  • Iteris
  • Kapsch
  • Mark IV
  • Oki
  • Q-Free
  • Raytheon
  • Signalion
  • Sirit
  • TransCore
  • TechnoCom

4.0 P25 Technology: New Directions for ITS

• 4.1 Introduction
  • 4.1.1 ITS Communications Environment
• 4.2 Requirements
• 4.3 Standardization Process and Technologies
  • 4.3.1 General: P25 Standard
  • 4.3.2 Beginning
  • 4.3.3 Project 25/TIA 102: Scope
    • 4.3.3.1 Efforts
    • 4.3.3.2 Phased Approach
      • 4.3.3.2.1 Phases
      • 4.3.3.2.2 Phase I
      • 4.3.3.2.3 Phase II
      • 4.3.3.2.4 Phase III
• 4.4 Current P25 Development-Phase I
  • 4.4.1 General Mission and Objectives
    • 4.4.1.2 Compliance
    • 4.4.1.3 Benefits and Issues
  • 4.4.2 Technical Highlights
    • 4.4.2.1 Common Air Interface
    • 4.4.2.2 Fixed Station Interface
    • 4.4.2.3 Console Sub-system Interface
    • 4.4.2.4 RF Sub-system
    • 4.4.2.5 Inter-system Interface (ISSI)
    • 4.4.2.6 Telephone Interconnect Interface
    • 4.4.2.7 Network Management Interface
    • 4.4.2.8 Host and Network Data Interfaces
    • 4.4.2.9 Data Network Interface
    • 4.4.2.10 Summary: Interfaces
  • 4.4.3 Security
  • 4.4.4 Coding
• 4.5 Frequency Bands
• 4.6 P25 Voice Messaging
• 4.7 System
• 4.8 Spectrum: Problems
  • 4.8.1 700 MHz Band
• 4.9 Major Improvements
• 4.10 Services
• 4.11 Network Scenario
• 4.12 Basic Characteristics
• 4.13 Phase II
  • 4.13.1 Transition
  • 4.13.2 Scope
  • 4.13.3 Time
    • 4.13.3.1 Motorola and "Harmonized" Solutions
• 4.14 Phase III
  • 4.14.1 General
  • 4.14.2 Organization
  • 4.14.3 Background
  • 4.14.4 Project MESA Formulators
  • 4.14.5 Networking
  • 4.14.6 MESA Statement of Requirements (SoR)
    • 4.14.6.1 General
    • 4.14.6.2 Vision: Ad-hoc and Cell
      • 4.14.6.2.1 Features
      • 4.14.6.2.2 Technological Needs
      • 4.14.6.2.3 General Technology-Requirements
      • 4.14.6.2.4 Specific and Functional Requirements
  • 4.14.7 Goals
  • 4.14.8 Applications
  • 4.14.9 Crossroads
    • 4.14.9.1 Vendors Position
  • 4.14.10 Technology Details: System of Systems
    • 4.14.10.1 Framework description
      • 4.14.10.1.1 Overview
  • 4.14.11 Architecture
  • 4.14.12 Security
  • 4.14.13 Projects P25 and MESA
• 4.15 Characteristics
  • 4.15.1 Technical
  • 4.15.2 Economics
• 4.16 P25 Radio Market: ITS Application
  • 4.16.1 General
  • 4.16.2 Geography
  • 4.16.3 Market Drivers
  • 4.16.4 Market Forecast
    • 4.16.4.1 Model Assumptions
    • 4.16.4.2 Addressable Market Estimate
• 4.17 Vendors
  • Catalyst
  • Daniels
  • Datron
  • Digital Voice System
  • EDAS Secure Networks
  • EF Johnson
  • Etherstack
  • ICOM America
  • Kenwood
  • M/A-Com (Tyco Electronic)
  • Midland
  • Motorola
  • Nexus Wireless
  • Relm
  • Raytheon JPS
  • Simoco
  • Thales
  • Tait Electronics
  • Technisonic
  • Westel
  • Wireless Pacific
• 4.18 Examples

5.0 Conclusions

Appendix A: The Project 25 Suite of Standards Documents

• Figure 1: IEEE 802.11 Family of Standards Evolution
• Figure 2: ITS Architecture
• Figure 3: NTCIP Structure
• Figure 4: Communications Model-DSRC
• Figure 5: IEEE Standards -Relationship
• Figure 6: Service-related Characteristics
• Figure 7: 5.9 GHz DSRC: Spectrum Allocation Details
• Figure 8: Details
• Figure 9: Major Service Categories
• Figure 10: Collision Detection/Avoidance System
• Figure 11: Work Zone Warning
• Figure 12: "Smart" Car
• Figure 13: 5.9 GHz DSRC Rate vs. Distance
• Figure 14: Implementation Characteristics
• Figure 15: Communications Process: Logical Flow
• Figure 16: DSRC Frequency Planning
• Figure 17: 5.9 GHz SDRC Program Schedule
• Figure 18: 5.9 GHz DSRC Program
• Figure 19: Developing Pilot Programs
• Figure 20: Market Estimate: 5.9 GHz DSRC Readers ($M)
• Figure 21: Market Estimate: 5.9 GHz DSRC Tags ($M)
• Figure 22: APCO Project 25 Interface Committee P25
• Figure 23: Generic-P25 System Structure
• Figure 24: ISSI-P25 System-to-System
• Figure 25: ISSI-Roaming
• Figure 26: P25 Radio System Model Illustration
• Figure 27: Revised Frequency Plan
• Figure 28: Revised Spectrum (Upper 700 MHz sub-band)
• Figure 29: 700 MHz Auction
• Figure 30: P25 Network Architecture
• Figure 31: Partners
• Figure 32: MESA Networking
• Figure 33: PSR Evolution
• Figure 34: P25 Equipment Addressable Market ($B)
• Figure 35: P25 Equipment Addressable Market - Worldwide ($B)
• Figure 36: P25 Radio Major Applications (2008)
• Figure 37: Addressable Market: U.S. P25 Radio Sales for ITS Application ($B)
• Figure 38: Addressable Market: Worldwide P25 Radio Sales for ITS Application ($B)

• Table 1: IEEE 802.11a Standard Major Characteristics
• Table 2: IEEE 802.11b Standard Major Characteristics
• Table 3: IEEE 802.11g Standard Major Characteristics
• Table 4: Standardization
• Table 5: 5.9 GHz DSRC U.S. Characteristics
• Table 6: Outline of DSRC Characteristics (Japan)
• Table 7: Priorities
• Table 8: Requirements
• Table 9: DSRC Differences: 915 MHz and 5.9 GHz
• Table 10: Summary Standards
• Table 11: 5.9 GHz DSRC Advantages
• Table 12: DSRC Benefits
• Table 13: P25 Advantages and Issues
• Table 14: PSR Bands
• Table 15: P25 Services
• Table 16 Mesa Networks Levels