Table of Contents
Executive summary
- Nanotechnology: driving change in pharmaceutical R&D
- Nanotechnology: drug research & development
- Nanotechnology: nanoformulations & nanocarriers
- Nanotechnology: diagnostics & imaging
- Nanotechnology: therapeutic applications
- Nanotechnology: regulations, patents and scientific publications
- Nanotechnology: challenges, opportunities & future applications
Chapter 1 Driving change in pharmaceutical R&D
- Summary
- Defining nanotechnology
- Nanotechnology funding
- Nanotechnology evolution
- Nanotechnology in the pharma industry
- Nanotechnology start-up companies
- Nanotechnology in academia
- Drivers of nanotechnology research
- Report Outline
Chapter 2 Drug research & development
- Summary
- Introduction
- Nanotechnology in drug discovery & development
- Nanotools for drug discovery & development
- Application of nanotools in drug discovery & development
- Nanoscaffolding
- Nanoarrays
- BioForce Nanosciences
- Nanogen
- Nanotubes & nanosensors
- Nano-Proprietary Inc
- Carbon Nanotechnologies Inc
- Nanowires & cantilevers
- Microfluidic lab-on-a-chip
- Nanofluidic lab-on-a-chip
- Quantum Dots
- Evident Technologies
- Biomarker Harvesting
- Instruments for nanodetection and analysis
- Atomic force microscopy
- Surface Plasmon Resonance
- Instruments for nanofabrication
- Dip Pen Nanolithography (DPN)
- Conclusions
Chapter 3 Nanoformulations & nanocarriers
- Summary
- Introduction
- Leading companies in nanoformulations
- Approved nanoformulations
- Dendrimers
- Liposomal formulations
- Pegylated liposomal formulations
- Nanocrystal formulations
- Nanoparticle formulations
- Developmental nanoformulations
- Protein-stabilized liposomal formulations
- Controlled-release liposomal formulations
- New controlled-release nanoparticle and nanosphere formulations
- Magnetic nanoparticle formulations
- Novel nanomaterials for drug delivery
- Nanobombs
- Nanoshells
- Nanotubes
- Conclusions
Chapter 4 Diagnostics & imaging
- Summary
- Introduction
- Nanoarrays
- Cystalline nanoarrays
- Nanodevices
- Magnetic nanoparticles, nanocapsules and nanocells
- Nanoparticle barcodes
- Multifunctional nanoparticles and nanocells
- Gold nanoparticles
- Fluorescent nanoparticles
- Fluorescent nanocrystals
- Nanoscale contrast agents
- Multiplex imaging agents/therapeutics
- Conclusions
Chapter 5 Therapeutic applications
- Summary
- Introduction
- Nanotechnology in cancer
- Research
- In Vivo imaging
- Molecular imaging & diagnostics
- Drug delivery
- Cancer conclusions
- Nanotechnology in cardiovascular disease
- Therapeutic research
- Molecular imaging & diagnostics
- Tissue engineering & regenerative medicines
- Medical devices
- Drug delivery
- Cardiovascular conclusions
- Nanotechnology in CNS
- Research & development
- Diagnostics & imaging
- Drug delivery
- Neurodevices and nanowires
- CNS conclusions
- Overall conclusions
Chapter 6 Regulations, patents and scientific publications
- Summary
- Nanotechnology Guidelines
- Patentability and publications
- Nanotechnology patents
- Nanotechnology-based publications
- Conclusions
Chapter 7 Challenges, opportunities and future applications
- Summary
- Introduction
- Challenges in adopting nanotechnology
- Regulations
- Legal, political and ethical issues
- Public perception of nanotechnology
- Multidisciplinary infrastructure
- Intellectual property
- Commerciality of existing nanotechnology and medicines
- Opportunities for adopting nanotechnology
- Product repositioning
- New imaging agents for early disease detection
- Point-of-care diagnostics
- Personalized medicines
- Implementing nanotechnology in the pharma industry
- Competitive strategies
- AstraZeneca
- Bristol-Myers Squibb
- GlaxoSmithKline
- Novartis
- Roche
- Pfizer
- Elan Corporation
- Genentech
- GE Healthcare
- Siemens Medical Solutions
- Abraxis BioSciences
- pSividia Limited
- StarPharma Holdings Ltd
- Alliances & licensing
- Future impact of nanotechnology on drug discovery & development
Chapter 8 Appendix
- Glossary
- Bibliography
- Index
- Endnotes
List of Figures
- Figure 1.1: Nanometer scale
- Figure 1.2: Top-down and bottom-up nanotechnology approach
- Figure 1.3: Applications of nanotechnology
- Figure 1.4: Global nanotechnology funding, 2003
- Figure 1.5: Global nanotechnology market by 2015
- Figure 1.6: Evolution of nanotechnology 2000-2020
- Figure 1.7: Evolution of the nanotechnology market
- Figure 1.8: Nanotechnology applications in the pharma industry
- Figure 2.9: Nanotechnology innovating the R&D process
- Figure 2.10: Applications of nanotechnologies in drug discovery &
development
- Figure 2.11: TEM of native collagen fibers and nanoscaffolding
- Figure 2.12: Array of probes on nanoarray
- Figure 2.13: Bead Nanoarrays from NanoVic
- Figure 2.14: NanoChip® 400 System
- Figure 2.15: Nanosensors for analyte detection
- Figure 2.16: Nanowires and cantilevers for nanodetection and multiplexing
- Figure 2.17: Scanning electron microscope image of a five-nozzle M3 emitter
- Figure 2.18: Evolution of microfluidics and nanofluidics in the pharma
industry
- Figure 2.19: Nanoparticle bioconjugate harvesting platform
- Figure 2.20: Schematic of ATM technology
- Figure 2.21: AFM images measuring real-time cell activity
- Figure 2.22: Schematic of SPR technology
- Figure 2.23: Schematic of DPN technology and its applications
- Figure 3.24: Nanoformulations driving drug delivery
- Figure 3.25: Dendrimer structure
- Figure 3.26: Dendrimer delivery platform
- Figure 3.27: DauxoXome® liposomal formulation
- Figure 3.28: Doxil® liposomal formulation versus non-liposomal
formulation
- Figure 3.29: Enhanced bioavailability and absorption rate with
Nanocrystals technology
- Figure 3.30: Abraxane nab technology - Photosphere
- Figure 3.31: Micellar nanoparticles (MNP)
- Figure 3.32: Controlled-release liposomal formulations
- Figure 3.33: Fullerene structures A) C-60 and B) C-70
- Figure 3.34: AuroLase™ treated mice versus sham treatment
- Figure 3.35: Carbon nanotubes
- Figure 4.36: Nanotechnologies advancing diagnostics and imaging
- Figure 4.37: ViriChip™ Virus Detection Platform
- Figure 4.38: S-layer technology platform
- Figure 4.39: Sensation™ Virus Detection Platform
- Figure 4.40: BioNanoChannel ™ Bacterial Detection Platform
- Figure 4.41: Biobarcode assays for the detection of PSA
- Figure 4.42: Biosensor biobarcode
- Figure 4.43: Oxonica' s Nanoplex™ biotag and POC diagnostic
- Figure 4.44: AuroVist™ microCT image
- Figure 4.45: NanoStrings™ Nanoparticle Barcoding
- Figure 4.46: Schematic of fluorescent A) lanthanide structure and B)
lanthanide nanoparticles
- Figure 4.47: QDot Nanocrystal Structure
- Figure 4.48: TriLite™ Emission Spectra
- Figure 4.49: Viral Capsids as imaging carriers
- Figure 4.50: Multifunctional nanocarriers for detection, diagnosis and
treatment
- Figure 4.51: Nanotechnology improving molecular detection and diagnosis of
cancer
- Figure 5.52: Application of nanotechnology in cancer, cardiovascular and
CNS disorders
- Figure 5.53: Cyberkinetic' s brain gate
- Figure 6.54: Federal regulators addressing different aspects of
nanotechnology
- Figure 6.55: Japanese Governmental System for Science & Technology
- Figure 6.56: Worldwide nanopatents 1995-2003
- Figure 6.57: Worldwide nanopatents by region of applicant and inventor
- Figure 6.58: Worldwide nanoscientific publications per world region
- Figure 6.59: Worldwide nanoscientific publications per country and
subfield 1999-2004
- Figure 7.60: Future impact of nanotools on pharmaceuticals and healthcare
- Figure 7.61: Health care trends to 2020 - GlaxoSmithKline
List of Tables
- Table 1.1: Leading nanotechnology start-up companies
- Table 1.2: Leading nanotechnology institutes, forums and networking
organizations
- Table 2.3: Key attributes of PuraMatrix versus other ECMs
- Table 2.4: Leading Lab-on-Chip (LOC) and microfluidic manufacturers
- Table 2.5: Leading manufacturers of QDots
- Table 2.6: Advantages of DPN versus other top-down and bottom-up
fabrication technologies
- Table 3.7: Approved nanoformulations
- Table 3.8: Leading nanoformulation companies
- Table 4.9: Leading diagnostics and imaging companies evaluating
nanotechnology
- Table 5.10: Nano-enabled delivery system for cancer therapeutics
- Table 5.11: Approved & developmental cancer nanomedicines
- Table 5.12: Nanotechnology application in cardiovascular devices
- Table 5.13: Nano-enabled delivery system under evaluation for
cardiovascular therapies
- Table 5.14: Nano-enabled delivery system under evaluation for CNS therapies
- Table 7.15: Recent alliances and licensing deals in nanotechnology
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