The Economics of Rhenium, 7th Edition, 2007

1. Summary

2. Occurrence of rhenium

3. Reserves and resources of rhenium

4. Rhenium recovery processes

5. World production of rhenium

• 5.1. World primary production of rhenium
• 5.2. Primary rhenium production capacity by leading companies
  • 5.2.1. Future primary production of rhenium
• 5.3. Secondary rhenium production capacity by leading companies

6. World supply of rhenium

7. Current and potential rhenium-producing countries and companies

• 7.1. Armenia
  • 7.1.1. Producers of primary rhenium in Armenia
    • 7.1.1.1. Armenian Molybdenum Production (AMP)
    • 7.1.1.2. OJSCo "Plant of Pure Iron"
    • 7.1.1.3. Zangezur Copper and Molybdenum Combine AG
• 7.2. Austria
• 7.3. Belgium
• 7.4. Bulgaria
• 7.5. Canada
  • 7.5.1. Producers of molybdenum concentrates containing rhenium in Canada
    • 7.5.1.1. Imperial Metals Corporation/Japan Group
    • 7.5.1.2. Taseko Mines Limited
    • 7.5.1.3. Teck Cominco Limited
  • 7.5.2. Potential producers of molybdenum concentrates containing rhenium in Canada
  • 7.5.3. Previous producers of molybdenum concentrates containing rhenium in Canada
  • 7.5.4. Production of rhenium contained in molybdenum concentrates in Canada
• 7.6. Chile
  • 7.6.1. Producers of molybdenum concentrates containing rhenium in Chile
    • 7.6.1.1. Anglo American plc
    • 7.6.1.2. Antofagasta plc
    • 7.6.1.3. Compania Minera Antamina S.A.
    • 7.6.1.4. Corporacion National del Cobre de Chile (Codelco)
    • 7.6.1.5. Dona Ines de Collahuasi SCM Minera Collahuasi
    • 7.6.1.6. Minera Valle Central S.A
  • 7.6.2. Production of primary rhenium in Chile
  • 7.6.3. Producers of primary rhenium in Chile
    • 7.6.3.1. Molibdenos y Metales S.A (Molymet)
  • 7.6.4. Exports of rhenium from Chile
• 7.7. China
  • 7.7.1. Producers of primary rhenium in China
  • 7.7.2. Producers of rhenium products in China
  • 7.7.3. Exports of rhenium from China
• 7.8. Czech Republic
• 7.9. Estonia
• 7.10. France
• 7.11. Germany
  • 7.11.1. Producers of secondary rhenium in Germany
    • 7.11.1.1. H.C. Starck GmbH & Company KG
    • 7.11.1.2. W.C. Heraeus GmbH
  • 7.11.2. Exports of rhenium from Germany
• 7.12. Iran
• 7.13. Japan
• 7.14. Kazakhstan
  • 7.14.1. Producers of molybdenum concentrates containing rhenium in Kazakhstan
    • 7.14.1.1. Kazakhmys plc
    • 7.14.1.2. Celtic Resources Holdings/Kazatomprom
  • 7.14.2. Production of primary rhenium in Kazakhstan
  • 7.14.3. Producers of primary rhenium in Kazakhstan
    • 7.14.3.1. State enterprise (RGP) Zhezkazganredmet
    • 7.14.3.2. JSC Yuzhpolimetall (Shymkent)
  • 7.14.4. Exports of rhenium from Kazakhstan
• 7.15. Mexico
  • 7.15.1. Producers of molybdenum concentrates containing rhenium in Mexico
  • 7.15.2. Former producers of molybdenum concentrates containing rhenium in Mexico
  • 7.15.3. Estimated production of rhenium in Mexico
  • 7.15.4. Producers of primary rhenium in Mexico
• 7.16. Mongolia
  • 7.16.1. Producers of molybdenum concentrates containing rhenium in Mongolia
  • 7.16.2. Producers of primary rhenium in Mongolia
• 7.17. Netherlands
• 7.18. Papua New Guinea
• 7.19. Peru
  • 7.19.1. Production of rhenium contained in molybdenum concentrates in Peru
  • 7.19.2. Producers of molybdenum concentrates containing rhenium in Peru
• 7.20. Poland
• 7.21. Russia
  • 7.21.1. Producers of molybdenum concentrates containing rhenium in Russia
    • 7.21.1.1. JSC Molibden
    • 7.21.1.2. Zhirekensky Mining and Beneficiation Combine
  • 7.21.2. Production of primary rhenium in Russia
  • 7.21.3. Producers of primary rhenium in Russia
    • 7.21.3.1. A/O Metallurg
    • 7.21.3.2. JSC Pobedit
  • 7.21.4. Former producers of primary rhenium in Russia
  • 7.21.5. Producers of secondary rhenium in Russia
  • 7.21.6. Former processors of rhenium in Russia
  • 7.21.7. Exports of rhenium from Russia
• 7.22. Tadjikistan
• 7.23. United Kingdom
• 7.24. USA
  • 7.24.1. Producers of molybdenum concentrates containing rhenium in the USA
    • 7.24.1.1. Asarco Incorporated
    • 7.24.1.2. Montana Resources
    • 7.24.1.3. Rio Tinto
  • 7.24.2. Past producers of molybdenum concentrates containing rhenium in the USA
  • 7.24.3. Production of primary rhenium in the USA
  • 7.24.4. Producers of primary rhenium in the USA
    • 7.24.4.1. Phelps Dodge Mining Company (PDMC)
  • 7.24.5. Former producers of primary rhenium in the USA
  • 7.24.6. Producers of secondary rhenium in the USA
  • 7.24.7. Downstream rhenium sector in the USA
    • 7.24.7.1. AAA Molybdenum Products Incorporated
    • 7.24.7.2. BASF
    • 7.24.7.3. Cannon Muskegon
    • 7.24.7.4. Certified Alloys Products Incorporated
    • 7.24.7.5. Climax Engineered Materials
    • 7.24.7.6. Concept Alloys L.L.C
    • 7.24.7.7. Criterion Catalysts and Technologies L.P.
    • 7.24.7.8. H. Cross Company
    • 7.24.7.9. Powmet Incorporated
    • 7.24.7.10. Rhenium Alloys Incorporated
    • 7.24.7.11. Ultramet
  • 7.24.8. Imports of rhenium into the USA
  • 7.24.9. Consumption of rhenium in the USA
• 7.25. Uzbekistan
  • 7.25.1. Producers of molybdenum concentrates containing rhenium in Uzbekistan

8. Consumption of rhenium

• 8.1. World consumption of rhenium
• 8.2. Consumption of rhenium by region
• 8.3. Consumption of rhenium by end use
• 8.4. Leading consumers of rhenium
• 8.5. Future demand for rhenium by end use

9. End-uses of rhenium

• 9.1. High performance alloys
  • 9.1.1. Use of rhenium in nickel-based superalloys
  • 9.1.2. Types of superalloys
    • 9.1.2.1. Single crystal high performance alloys
    • 9.1.2.2. Oxide dispersion strengthened alloys
    • 9.1.2.3. Powder metallurgy and hot isostatic pressed alloys
    • 9.1.2.4. Isothermal forged alloys
    • 9.1.2.5. Horizontal casted alloys
    • 9.1.2.6. Vacuum sprayformed alloys
  • 9.1.3. Production and consumption of nickel-based superalloys
  • 9.1.4. Markets for high performance alloys
  • 9.1.5. Use of nickel-based superalloys in aerospace applications
  • 9.1.6. Use of nickel-based superalloys in land-based gas turbines
  • 9.1.7. Forecast demand for rhenium in superalloys
• 9.2. Rhenium-bearing catalysts for the petroleum refining and petrochemical industries
  • 9.2.1. Catalytic reforming processes
    • 9.2.1.1. Principal platinum-rhenium catalytic reforming processes
    • 9.2.1.2. Catalytic reforming capacity
    • 9.2.1.3. Outlook for rhenium consumption in reforming catalysts
  • 9.2.2. Rhenium use in catalysts for BTX production
  • 9.2.3. Future demand for rhenium in catalysts
• 9.3. Use of tungsten-rhenium and molybdenum-rhenium alloys
  • 9.3.1. Use of rhenium alloys in lamp filaments
  • 9.3.2. Use of rhenium alloys in other filament applications
  • 9.3.3. Use of rhenium alloys in heater elements
  • 9.3.4. Use of rhenium alloys in X-ray tubes and targets
  • 9.3.5. Use of rhenium alloys in thermocouples
  • 9.3.6. Use of rhenium and rhenium alloys in electrical contacts
• 9.4. Use of rhenium in booster rocket nozzles
• 9.5. Uses of rhenium compounds
• 9.6. Other uses of rhenium
• 9.7. Future demand for rhenium in other applications

10. International trade in rhenium products

• 10.1. International trade in ammonium perrhenate
• 10.2. International trade in rhenium metal
• 10.3. Import duties for rhenium metal and compounds
• 10.4. International trade in unroasted molybdenum concentrates

11. Rhenium prices

• 11.1. Rhenium price mechanism
• 11.2. Rhenium price history
  • 11.2.1. Substitutes for rhenium
  • 11.2.2. Rhenium recycling
  • 11.2.3. Disruptions to rhenium supply
• 11.3. Rhenium price outlook