Report: The Economics of Bentonite, 11th edition TOC

1. Summary
2. Mineralogy and reserves of bentonite and fuller' s earth
- 2.1 Physical and chemical composition of bentonite and fuller' s earth
  - 2.1.1 Smectite and hormite clays
    - 2.1.1.1 Smectite clays
    - 2.1.1.2 Sodium and calcium montmorillonites
    - 2.1.1.3 Saponite and hectorite
  - 2.1.2 Hormite clays
- 2.2 Reserves of bentonite and fuller' s earth
3. Mining and processing of bentonite and fuller' s earth
4. World production of bentonite
5. World production of fuller' s earth
6. Leading producers of bentonite and fuller' s earth
- 6.1 New and future bentonite and fuller' s earth operations
7. Production and processing of bentonite and fuller' s earth by country
- 7.1 Algeria
  - 7.1.1 Reserves of bentonite and fuller' s earth in Algeria
  - 7.1.2 Production of bentonite and fuller' s earth in Algeria
- 7.2 Argentina
  - 7.2.1 Production of bentonite and fuller' s earth in Argentina
  - 7.2.2 Producers of bentonite and fuller' s earth in Argentina
    - 7.2.2.1 Castiglione, Pes y Cia, SAFIAMI
    - 7.2.2.2 Minarmco SA
    - 7.2.2.3 Other producers of bentonite in Argentina
  - 7.2.3 Exports of bentonite from Argentina
  - 7.2.4 Apparent consumption of bentonite in Argentina
- 7.3 Armenia
- 7.4 Australia
  - 7.4.1 Reserves of bentonite and fuller' s earth in Australia
  - 7.4.2 Production of bentonite and fuller' s earth in Australia
  - 7.4.3 Producers of bentonite and fuller' s earth in Australia
    - 7.4.3.1 AMCOL International Corporation
    - 7.4.3.2 Arumpo Bentonite Pty. Limited
    - 7.4.3.3 Hudson Resources Limited
    - 7.4.3.4 PCP Douglass Pty. Limited
    - 7.4.3.5 Unimin Australia Limited
    - 7.4.3.6 Watheroo Minerals Pty. Limited
    - 7.4.3.7 Other producers of bentonite in Australia
  - 7.4.4 Former producers of bentonite in Australia
  - 7.4.5 Bentonite projects in Australia
  - 7.4.6 Apparent consumption of bentonite in Australia
- 7.5 Azerbaijan
  - 7.5.1 Production of bentonite in Azerbaijan
  - 7.5.2 Producers of bentonite in Azerbaijan
    - 7.5.2.1 LLC Az Bentonite
    - 7.5.2.2 JV AzRosPromInvest
- 7.6 Bolivia
- 7.7 Bosnia & Herzegovina
- 7.8 Brazil
  - 7.8.1 Reserves of bentonite and decolourising clays in Brazil
  - 7.8.2 Production of bentonite in Brazil
  - 7.8.3 Producers of bentonite in Brazil
    - 7.8.3.1 Bentonit União do Nordeste SA (BUNE)
    - 7.8.3.2 Süd-Chemie
    - 7.8.3.3 Other producers of bentonite in Brazil
    - 7.8.3.4 Potential producers of bentonite in Brazil
  - 7.8.4 Imports of bentonite into Brazil
  - 7.8.5 Apparent consumption of bentonite in Brazil
- 7.9 Bulgaria
  - 7.9.1 Production of bentonite in Bulgaria
  - 7.9.2 Producers of bentonite in Bulgaria
  - 7.9.2.1 S&B Industrial Minerals AD
  - 7.9.3 Exports of bentonite from Bulgaria
  - 7.9.4 Apparent consumption of bentonite in Bulgaria
- 7.10 Canada
  - 7.10.1 Reserves of bentonite in Canada
  - 7.10.2 Producers of bentonite in Canada
    - 7.10.2.1 Absorbent Products Limited
    - 7.10.2.2 Canadian Clay Products Incorporated
    - 7.10.2.3 Pacific Bentonite Limited
  - 7.10.3 Potential producers of bentonite in Canada
  - 7.10.4 Imports of bentonite into Canada
- 7.11 Chile
- 7.12 China
  - 7.12.1 Reserves of bentonite and fuller' s earth in China
  - 7.12.2 Production of bentonite and fuller' s earth in China
  - 7.12.3 Producers of bentonite and fuller' s earth in China
    - 7.12.3.1 AMCOL International Corporation
    - 7.12.3.2 Ankang Prosperity Slate Company Limited
    - 7.12.3.3 Asia Bentonite Company Limited
    - 7.12.3.4 Clay Industrial Minerals Company Limited
    - 7.12.3.5 Hangzhou Choushan Bleaching Earth Company
    - 7.12.3.6 Huangshan Taiko Bleaching Earth Company Limited
    - 7.12.3.7 Jianping Xiangrui Bentonite Company Limited
    - 7.12.3.8 Phoslock Water Solutions Limited
    - 7.12.3.9 Sipang Liufangzi Aska Bentonite Company Limited
    - 7.12.3.10 Süd-Chemie
    - 7.12.3.11 Zhejiang Anji Yuhong Clay Chemical Company Limited
    - 7.12.3.12 Zhejiang Fenghong Clay Chemicals Company Limited (FCC)
    - 7.12.3.13 Zhejiang Huate Group
    - 7.12.3.14 Zhejiang Lin' an Chengbei Bentonite Company Limited
  - 7.12.4 Producers of attapulgite in China
    - 7.12.4.1 Anhui Mingmei Materials Company Limited
    - 7.12.4.2 Ming Guang Guo Yang Mining
  - 7.12.5 Exports of bentonite from China
  - 7.12.6 Apparent consumption of bentonite in China
- 7.13 Colombia
- 7.14 Croatia
- 7.15 Cyprus
  - 7.15.1 Production of bentonite in Cyprus
  - 7.15.2 Producers of bentonite in Cyprus
    - 7.15.2.1 Feo Quarries Limited
    - 7.15.2.2 Hellenic Mining Public Company Limited
    - 7.15.2.3 Oryktako Limited
    - 7.15.2.4 Peletico Penta Limited
  - 7.15.3 Former producers of bentonite in Cyprus
  - 7.15.4 Exports of bentonite from Cyprus
- 7.16 Czech Republic
  - 7.16.1 Reserves of bentonite in Czech Republic
  - 7.16.2 Production of bentonite in Czech Republic
  - 7.16.3 Producers of bentonite in Czech Republic
    - 7.16.3.1 Keramost AS
    - 7.16.3.2 Lith s.r.o
  - 7.16.4 Potential producers of bentonite in Czech Republic
  - 7.16.5 Apparent consumption of bentonite in Czech Republic
- 7.17 Denmark
- 7.18 Egypt
- 7.19 Finland
- 7.20 France
  - 7.20.1 Processors of bentonite and fuller' s earth in France
    - 7.20.1.1 Comptoir de Minéraux et Matières Premières
    - 7.20.1.2 Damolin Etrechy SA (Damolin)
    - 7.20.1.3 Imerys
    - 7.20.1.4 Sepiol SA (Sepiolsa)
    - 7.20.1.5 S&B Industrial Minerals SA
    - 7.20.1.6 Süd-Chemie
    - 7.20.1.7 Tolsa France SA (Tolsa SA)
  - 7.20.2 Imports of bentonite into France
  - 7.20.3 Apparent consumption of bentonite in France
- 7.21 Georgia
- 7.22 Germany
  - 7.22.1 Reserves of bentonite and fuller' s earth in Germany
  - 7.22.2 Production of bentonite and fuller' s earth in Germany
  - 7.22.3 Producers and processors of bentonite and fuller' s earth in Germany
    - 7.22.3.1 Industriemineralwerke Friedland GmbH
    - 7.22.3.2 Kärlicher Ton-und-Schamotte-Werke Mannheim & Company KG (KTS)
    - 7.22.3.3 Marx Bergbau GmbH & Company KG
    - 7.22.3.4 Rockwood Clay Additives
    - 7.22.3.5 S&B Industrial Minerals S.A.
    - 7.22.3.6 Süd-Chemie Group
  - 7.22.4 Former producers of bentonite in Germany
  - 7.22.5 Exports of bentonite from Germany
  - 7.22.6 Imports of bentonite into Germany
  - 7.22.7 Apparent consumption of bentonite in Germany
- 7.23 Greece
  - 7.23.1 Reserves of bentonite and fuller' s earth in Greece
  - 7.23.2 Production of bentonite in Greece
  - 7.23.3 Producers of attapulgite and bentonite in Greece
    - 7.23.3.1 Geohellas SA
    - 7.23.3.2 S&B Industrial Minerals SA
    - 7.23.3.3 Süd-Chemie
    - 7.23.3.4 Other producers of bentonite in Greece
  - 7.23.4 Exports of bentonite from Greece
- 7.24 Guatemala
- 7.25 Hungary
- 7.26 India
  - 7.26.1 Reserves of bentonite and fuller' s earth in India
  - 7.26.2 Production of bentonite and fuller' s earth in India
    - 7.26.2.1 Producers of bentonite and fuller' s earth in India
    - 7.26.2.2 Al-Chemi Mines and Minerals
    - 7.26.2.3 Ashapura Group
    - 7.26.2.4 Ashapura Volclay (AVL)
    - 7.26.2.5 Cutch Oil and Allied Industries (1949) Private Limited
    - 7.26.2.6 Ganatra Mines and Minerals
    - 7.26.2.7 Gex-Min Company
    - 7.26.2.8 Gimpex Limited
    - 7.26.2.9 Globus Bentonite
    - 7.26.2.10 Jumbo Mining Limited
    - 7.26.2.11 Kutch Minerals
    - 7.26.2.12 Mahavir Minerals
    - 7.26.2.13 Manek Minerals
    - 7.26.2.14 Mine Chemie Corporation
    - 7.26.2.15 Nava Durga Minerals Industries Limited
    - 7.26.2.16 Neelkanth Chemical Works
    - 7.26.2.17 Rajkumar Company Limited
    - 7.26.2.18 Shivam Mines and Minerals Limited
    - 7.26.2.19 Shri Ahimsa Mines and Minerals Limited
    - 7.26.2.20 Star Bentonite Exports
    - 7.26.2.21 Trimex Industries Limited
    - 7.26.2.22 Other producers and processors of bentonite in India
- 7.26.3 Exports of bentonite from India
- 7.27 Indonesia
  - 7.27.1 Producers of bentonite in Indonesia
  - 7.27.2 Imports of bentonite into Indonesia
- 7.28 Iran
- 7.29 Iraq
- 7.30 Israel
- 7.31 Italy
  - 7.31.1 Reserves of bentonite and fuller' s earth in Italy
  - 7.31.2 Production of bentonite and fuller' s earth in Italy
  - 7.31.3 Producers of bentonite and fuller' s earth in Italy
    - 7.31.3.1 Eredi Dr. Settimio Cinicola
    - 7.31.3.2 Laviosa Chimica Mineraria SpA (Laviosa family/S&B Industrial Minerals)
    - 7.31.3.3 Süd-Chemie
  - 7.31.4 Processors of bentonite in Italy
  - 7.31.5 Exports of bentonite from Italy
  - 7.31.6 Imports of bentonite into Italy
  - 7.31.7 Apparent consumption of bentonite in Italy
- 7.32 Japan
  - 7.32.1 Reserves of bentonite in Japan
  - 7.32.2 Production of bentonite in Japan
  - 7.32.3 Producers of bentonite in Japan
    - 7.32.3.1 Hojun Kogyo Company Limited
    - 7.32.3.2 Hoyo Bentonite Company Limited
    - 7.32.3.3 Kunimine Industries Company Limited
    - 7.32.3.4 Other producers of bentonite in Japan
    - 7.32.3.5 Former producers of bentonite in Japan
  - 7.32.4 Processors of bentonite in Japan
    - 7.32.4.1 Mitsubishi Corporation
    - 7.32.4.2 Mizusawa Industrial Chemicals
    - 7.32.4.3 Ohe Chemicals
    - 7.32.4.4 Sojitz Corporation
  - 7.32.5 Imports of bentonite into Japan
  - 7.32.6 Apparent consumption of bentonite in Japan
- 7.33 Kazakhstan
- 7.34 Kenya
- 7.35 South Korea
  - 7.35.1 Reserves of bentonite and fuller' s earth in South Korea
  - 7.35.2 Production of bentonite and fuller' s earth in South Korea
  - 7.35.3 Producers of bentonite in South Korea
    - 7.35.3.1 Dong Bo Industrial Company
    - 7.35.3.2 Süd-Chemie Korea (Süd-Chemie Group)
  - 7.35.4 Processors of bentonite in South Korea
  - 7.35.5 Imports of bentonite into South Korea
  - 7.35.6 Apparent consumption of bentonite in South Korea
- 7.36 Macedonia
- 7.37 Malaysia
  - 7.37.1 Processors of bentonite in Malaysia
  - 7.37.1.1 Hudson-MPA (Hudson Resources/Phosphate Additives, Ashapura Minechem/Safico)
  - 7.37.1.2 Taiko Group
  - 7.37.1.3 Wantotik Clay Products Sdn Bhd
- 7.38 Mexico
  - 7.38.1 Reserves of bentonite and fuller' s earth in Mexico
  - 7.38.2 Production of bentonite and fuller' s earth in Mexico
  - 7.38.3 Producers of bentonite and fuller' s earth in Mexico
    - 7.38.3.1 Arcillas Procesadas S.A. de C.V
    - 7.38.3.2 Barmex SA de CV
    - 7.38.3.3 FVR Minerales Industriales
    - 7.38.3.4 Süd-Chemie de Mexico (Süd-Chemie Group)
    - 7.38.3.5 Tecnica Mineral SA de CV
    - 7.38.3.6 Other producers of bentonite in Mexico
  - 7.38.4 Processors of bentonite in Mexico
  - 7.38.5 Apparent consumption of bentonite in Mexico
- 7.39 Morocco
  - 7.39.1 Reserves of bentonite and fuller' s earth in Morocco
  - 7.39.2 Production of bentonite and fuller' s earth in Morocco
  - 7.39.3 Producers of bentonite and fuller' s earth in Morocco
    - 7.39.3.1 Compagnie Marocaine des Barytes (ONHYM/Norbar Minerals)
    - 7.39.3.2 Minière d' Afarha Bentonite (Grupo Tolsa/ONHYM)
    - 7.39.3.3 Société d' Exploitation des Mines du Rif (ONHYM)
    - 7.39.3.4 S&B Industrial Minerals Morocco SA (S&B)
  - 7.39.4 Exports of bentonite from Morocco
- 7.40 Mozambique
- 7.41 Myanmar
- 7.42 Namibia
- 7.43 Netherlands
  - 7.43.1 Processors of bentonite in the Netherlands
    - 7.43.1.1 Ankerpoort NV (S.C.R. Sibelco)
    - 7.43.1.2 Ashapura Minechem/AMCOL
    - 7.43.1.3 Europe Minerals BV (Eggerding)
    - 7.43.1.4 Minelco BV (LKAB)
    - 7.43.1.5 Sivomatic BV
  - 7.43.2 Imports of bentonite into the Netherlands
  - 7.43.3 Exports of bentonite from the Netherlands
  - 7.43.4 Apparent consumption of bentonite in the Netherlands
- 7.44 New Zealand
- 7.45 Nicaragua
- 7.46 Nigeria
- 7.47 Norway
- 7.48 Oman
- 7.49 Pakistan
  - 7.49.1 Reserves of bentonite and fuller' s earth in Pakistan
  - 7.49.2 Production of bentonite and fuller' s earth in Pakistan
  - 7.49.3 Producers of bentonite in Pakistan
    - 7.49.3.1 Ahmad Saeed & Company
    - 7.49.3.2 Phoenix Chemicals (Pvt) Limited
    - 7.49.3.3 Punjab Mineral Development Corporation
  - 7.49.4 Processors of bentonite in Pakistan
- 7.50 Peru
  - 7.50.1 Producers of bentonite in Peru
    - 7.50.1.1 Süd-Chemie Peru (Süd-Chemie Group)
    - 7.50.1.2 Compania Minera Agregados Calcareous SA
    - 7.50.1.3 Shougang Hierro Peru SAA
  - 7.50.2 Former producers of bentonite in Peru
- 7.51 Philippines
- 7.52 Poland
  - 7.52.1 Reserves of bentonite and fuller' s earth in Poland
  - 7.52.2 Former producers of bentonite in Poland
  - 7.52.3 Production of fuller' s earth in Poland
  - 7.52.4 Processors of bentonite in Poland
    - 7.52.4.1 CETCO Poland (AMCOL International)
    - 7.52.4.2 Süd-Chemie Polska (Süd-Chemie Group)
    - 7.52.4.3 Zaklady Górniczo-Metalowe "Zebiec" S.A
  - 7.52.5 Imports of bentonite into Poland
- 7.53 Romania
  - 7.53.1 Reserves of bentonite in Romania
  - 7.53.2 Production of bentonite in Romania
  - 7.53.3 Producers of bentonite in Romania
  - 7.53.4 Former producers of bentonite in Romania
- 7.54 Russia
  - 7.54.1 Reserves of bentonite in Russia
  - 7.54.2 Production of bentonite in Russia
  - 7.54.3 Producers and processors of bentonite in Russia
    - 7.54.3.1 JSC Al' met' evsk
    - 7.54.3.2 LLC NPK Bentonite
    - 7.54.3.3 JSC Bentokam
    - 7.54.3.4 PJSC Bentoprom
    - 7.54.3.5 PJSC Keramzit
    - 7.54.3.6 JSC Khakass Bentonite (Basic Element)
  - 7.54.4 Bentonite projects in Russia
  - 7.54.5 Imports of bentonite into Russia
  - 7.54.6 Apparent consumption of bentonite in Russia
- 7.55 Saudi Arabia
- 7.56 Senegal
  - 7.56.1 Production of attapulgite in Senegal
  - 7.56.2 Producers of attapulgite in Senegal
    - 7.56.2.1 Compagnie des Produits Chimiques et Matériaux (Prochimat)
    - 7.56.2.2 Senegal Mines (Sepiolsa)
    - 7.56.2.3 Société Sénégalaise des Phosphates de Thiés (Tolsa)
  - 7.56.3 Exports of attapulgite from Senegal
- 7.57 Serbia
- 7.58 Slovak Republic
  - 7.58.1 Reserves of bentonite in Slovak Republic
  - 7.58.2 Production of bentonite in Slovak Republic
  - 7.58.3 Producers of bentonite in Slovak Republic
    - 7.58.3.1 EnviGeo Banska Bystrica Limited
    - 7.58.3.2 KBS Kremnicá banská spol. s.r.o
    - 7.58.3.3 Other producers of bentonite in Slovak Republic
  - 7.58.4 Exports of bentonite from Slovak Republic
- 7.59 Slovenia
- 7.60 South Africa
  - 7.60.1 Reserves of bentonite and attapulgite in South Africa
  - 7.60.2 Production of bentonite and attapulgite in South Africa
  - 7.60.3 Producers of bentonite and attapulgite in South Africa
    - 7.60.3.1 Arleco Mining (Pty) Limited
    - 7.60.3.2 Atta Clay (Pty) Limited (Stopetek Properties/Northern Province Development Council)
    - 7.60.3.3 Ecca Holdings (pty) Limited (Samrec)
    - 7.60.3.4 G&W Base & Industrial Minerals (Pty.) Limited (Eco-Bat Technologies)
    - 7.60.3.5 Matutu Absorbents Pty Limited
    - 7.60.3.6 Other producers of bentonite in South Africa
- 7.61 Spain
  - 7.61.1 Reserves of bentonite and fuller' s earth in Spain
  - 7.61.2 Production of bentonite, attapulgite and sepiolite in Spain
  - 7.61.3 Producers of bentonite, attapulgite and sepiolite in Spain
    - 7.61.3.1 Bentonitas Especiales SA
    - 7.61.3.2 Minera José Ignacio Vicálvaro SA
    - 7.61.3.3 SAMCA Group
    - 7.61.3.4 Sepiol SA (Minerales y Productos Derivados Group)
    - 7.61.3.5 Süd-Chemie Espana (Süd-Chemie Group)
    - 7.61.3.6 Tolsa SA
    - 7.61.3.7 Other producers of bentonite, attapulgite and sepiolite in Spain
  - 7.61.4 Exports of bentonite from Spain
  - 7.61.5 Imports of bentonite into Spain
  - 7.61.6 Apparent consumption of bentonite in Spain
- 7.62 Sweden
  - 7.62.1 Processors of bentonite in Sweden
  - 7.62.2 Imports of bentonite into Sweden
- 7.63 Thailand
  - 7.63.1 Reserves of bentonite in Thailand
  - 7.63.2 Production of bentonite in Thailand
  - 7.63.3 Processors of bentonite in Thailand
    - 7.63.3.1 Asian Bleaching Earths Company Limited
    - 7.63.3.2 AMCOL International Corporation
- 7.64 Turkey
  - 7.64.1 Reserves of bentonite and fuller' s earth in Turkey
  - 7.64.2 Production of bentonite and sepiolite in Turkey
  - 7.64.3 Producers of bentonite and fuller' s earth in Turkey
    - 7.64.3.1 AMCOL International Corporation
    - 7.64.3.2 Eczacibasi Endüstriyel Hammaddeler Sanayi ve Ticaret AS (ESAN)
    - 7.64.3.3 Ekosis Maden Sanayi ve Ticaret Limited
    - 7.64.3.4 Gordion Madencilik Sanayi ve Ticaret Anonum Sirketi (Tolsa SA)
    - 7.64.3.5 Ilbe Mineral Petrol Urunleri Sanayi ve Ticaret Limited (Canbensan)
    - 7.64.3.6 Karakaya Bentonit Sanayi ve Ticaret AS
    - 7.64.3.7 Süd-Chemie (TR) (Süd-Chemie Group)
    - 7.64.3.8 Turan Madencilik Sanayi ve Ticaret Limited
  - 7.64.4 Future producer of bentonite in Turkey
  - 7.64.5 Potential producer of bentonite in Turkey
  - 7.64.6 Former producers of bentonite, attapulgite and sepiolite in Turkey
    - 7.64.6.1 Anadolu Endustri Mineralleri Sanayi ve Ticaret Limited
    - 7.64.6.2 Dolsan Dolgu Maddeleri Sanayi ve Ticaret AS
    - 7.64.6.3 Koral Madencilik Sanayi ve Ticaret Limited
    - 7.64.6.4 Ranar Mineral Industries Incorporated
    - 7.64.6.5 Exports of bentonite from Turkey
- 7.65 Turkmenistan
- 7.66 Ukraine
  - 7.66.1 Producers of bentonite in Ukraine
    - 7.66.1.1 JSC Dashukovskie Bentonites
    - 7.66.1.2 PJSC Mineral
    - 7.66.1.3 JSC Zavod Utyazhelitelei
    - 7.66.1.4 JSC Zatissyansky Chemical Plant
  - 7.66.2 Exports of bentonite from Ukraine
  - 7.66.3 Apparent consumption of bentonite in Ukraine
- 7.67 UK
  - 7.67.1 Reserves of bentonite and fuller' s earth in the UK
  - 7.67.2 Production of fuller' s earth in the UK
  - 7.67.3 Processors of bentonite and fuller' s earth in the UK
    - 7.67.3.1 AMCOL International Corporation
    - 7.67.3.2 Elementis plc
    - 7.67.3.3 Gurney Slade Lime & Stone Company Limited
    - 7.67.3.4 Macromin (MKM Holdings)
    - 7.67.3.5 Minelco (LKAB)
    - 7.67.3.6 M-I SWACO
    - 7.67.3.7 Oil Dri UK (Oil-Dri)
    - 7.67.3.8 Pettex Limited
    - 7.67.3.9 Rockwood Holdings Incorporated
    - 7.67.3.10 Steetley Bentonite & Absorbents (Tolsa SA)
    - 7.67.3.11 Süd-Chemie UK (Süd-Chemie Group)
  - 7.67.4 Imports of bentonite into the UK
  - 7.67.5 Apparent consumption of bentonite in the UK
- 7.68 USA
  - 7.68.1 Reserves of bentonite and fuller' s earth in the USA
  - 7.68.2 Production of bentonite and fuller' s earth in the USA
  - 7.68.3 Producers of bentonite and fuller' s earth in the USA
    - 7.68.3.1 AMCOL International Corporation
    - 7.68.3.2 BASF Catalysts LLC (BASF)
    - 7.68.3.3 Bentonite Performance Minerals (Halliburton Energy Services)
    - 7.68.3.4 Black Hills Bentonite LLC
    - 7.68.3.5 Central Oregon Bentonite Company
    - 7.68.3.6 Cowboy Mining Company (Polymer Drilling Systems)
    - 7.68.3.7 Elementis Specialties (Elementis)
    - 7.68.3.8 Evergreen Bentonite Incorporated
    - 7.68.3.9 General Chemical Industrial Products Limited
    - 7.68.3.10 GSA Resources Incorporated
    - 7.68.3.11 Industrial Mineral Ventures Nevada
    - 7.68.3.12 Kenneth E. Tanner
    - 7.68.3.13 Matcon Corporation Incorporated
    - 7.68.3.14 MFM Industries
    - 7.68.3.15 M-I Drilling Fluids (M-I SWACO)
    - 7.68.3.16 Milwhite Incorporated
    - 7.68.3.17 Moltan Company
    - 7.68.3.18 Nestlé Purina PetCare Company (Nestlé)
    - 7.68.3.19 Oil-Dri Corporation
    - 7.68.3.20 Redmond Minerals Incorporated
    - 7.68.3.21 Rock Springs Mineral Processing Incorporated
    - 7.68.3.22 Rockwood Holdings Incorporated (Kohlberg Kravis Roberts)
    - 7.68.3.23 S&B Industrial Minerals SA
    - 7.68.3.24 Süd-Chemie
    - 7.68.3.25 Teague Mineral Products
    - 7.68.3.26 Texas Sodium Bentonite Incorporated
    - 7.68.3.27 Vanderbilt Minerals Corporation (R.T. Vanderbilt)
    - 7.68.3.28 Western Clay Company
    - 7.68.3.29 Wilbur-Ellis Company
    - 7.68.3.30 Wyo-Ben Incorporated
  - 7.68.4 Former producers of bentonite in the USA
  - 7.68.5 Bentonite projects in the USA
  - 7.68.6 Processors of bentonite in the USA
  - 7.68.7 Exports of bentonite and fuller' s earth from the USA
  - 7.68.8 Apparent consumption of bentonite in the USA
- 7.69 Uzbekistan
- 7.70 Venezuela
- 7.71 Vietnam
- 7.72 Zimbabwe
8. International trade in bentonite and fuller' s earth
- 8.1 International trade in bentonite
  - 8.1.1 Exports of bentonite
  - 8.1.2 Imports of bentonite
- 8.2 International trade in fuller' s earth
9. Consumption of bentonite and fuller' s earth
- 9.1 Consumption of bentonite by end use
- 9.2 Consumption of bentonite by country
  - 9.2.1 Reported consumption of bentonite in Brazil
  - 9.2.2 Reported consumption of bentonite in Canada
  - 9.2.3 Estimated consumption of bentonite and fuller' s earth in India
  - 9.2.4 Estimated consumption of bentonite in Russia
  - 9.2.5 Consumption of bentonite and fuller' s earth in the USA
9.3 Forecast demand for bentonite by end use
10. End uses for bentonite and fuller' s earth
11. Absorbent uses for bentonite and fuller' s earth
- 11.1 Use of bentonite and fuller' s earth in cat litter
  - 11.1.1 European cat litter market
  - 11.1.2 US cat litter market
  - 11.1.3 Consumption of bentonite and fuller' s earth in pet litter
- 11.2 Use of bentonite and fuller' s earth in industrial absorbents and desiccant
  - 11.2.1 Consumption of bentonite and fuller' s earth in industrial absorbents
12. Foundry sands
- 12.1 Casting processes
- 12.2 Types of foundry sands
- 12.3 Suppliers of foundry-grade bentonite
- 12.4 Production of iron castings
- 12.5 Demand for foundry-grade bentonite
13. Use of bentonite in iron ore pelletising
- 13.1 Use of bentonite in pelletising
- 13.2 Production capacity for iron ore pellets
- 13.3 Production of iron ore pellets
- 13.4 Steel production and bentonite demand
  - 13.4.1 World production of steel
  - 13.4.2 World consumption of steel
  - 13.4.3 Long-term outlook for steel demand
- 13.5 Forecast demand for bentonite in iron ore pelletising
14. Use of bentonite in drilling muds
- 14.1 Function of bentonite in drilling muds
- 14.2 Specifications of bentonite and fuller' s earth used in drilling muds
- 14.3 Types of drilling mud
  - 14.3.1 Water-based muds (WBMs)
  - 14.3.2 Oil-based muds (OBMs)
  - 14.3.3 Synthetic-based muds (SBMs)
- 14.4 Well cements
- 14.5 Drilling mud producers
- 14.6 Drilling activity
- 14.7 Consumption of bentonite in drilling muds
15. Use of bentonite in civil engineering and construction
- 15.1 Clay liners and barriers
- 15.2 Construction
- 15.3 Consumption of bentonite and fuller' s earth in civil engineering and construction
16. Use of bentonite in refining, filtering, clarifying and decolourising
- 16.1 Refining of edible oils and fats
- 16.2 Refining and reclamation of mineral oils
- 16.3 Wine and fruit juice filtering
- 16.3.1 Consumption of bentonite and fuller' s earth in refining, filtering, clarifying and decolourising
17. Use of bentonite and fuller' s earth in agriculture
- 17.1 Pesticides and other biocides
- 17.2 Fertilisers and soil conditioners
- 17.3 Animal feeds
- 17.4 Consumption of bentonite and fuller' s earth in agriculture
18. Other uses for bentonite and fuller' s earth
- 18.1 Use of bentonite in catalysts
- 18.2 Use of bentonite and fuller' s earth in ceramics
- 18.3 Use of bentonite in paper
- 18.4 Use of bentonite in welding fluxes
- 18.5 Use of bentonite in high-temperature greases
- 18.6 Use of bentonite in medical and cosmetic applications
- 18.7 Use of bentonite and fuller' s earth in paint
- 18.8 Use of bentonite and fuller' s earth in plastics
- 18.9 Consumption of bentonite and fuller' s earth in other applications
19. Prices of bentonite and fuller' s earth

List of Tables

Table 1: World: Production of bentonite and fuller' s earth, 2000 to 2007
Table 2: World: Production of bentonite by region, 2000 to 2007
Table 3: World: Production of bentonite by country, 2000 to 2007
Table 4: World: Production of fuller' s earth by country, 2000 to 2007
Table 5: Main corporate groups: Summary of worldwide bentonite operations, 2008
Table 6: World: New and potential bentonite and fuller' s earth operations
Table 7: Algeria: Reserves of bentonite, 2003
Table 8: Algeria: Production of bentonite, 2000 to 2007
Table 9: Algeria: Production of fuller' s earth, 2000 to 2007
Table 10: Argentina: Production of bentonite, 2000 to 2007
Table 11: Argentina: Exports of bentonite by country, 2000 to 2007
Table 12: Argentina: Apparent consumption of bentonite, 2000 to 2007
Table 13: Armenia: Production of bentonite, 2000 to 2007
Table 14: Australia: Production of bentonite, 2000 to 2007
Table 15: Hudson Resources: Production of attapulgite, 2000 to 2006
Table 16: Australia: Apparent consumption of bentonite, 2000 to 2007
Table 17: Azerbaijan: Details of bentonite reserves, 2008
Table 18: Azerbaijan: Production of bentonite, 2000 to 2007
Table 19: Bosnia & Herzegovina: Production of bentonite, 2000 to 2007
Table 20: Brazil: Reserves of bentonite and decolourising clays by state, 2004
Table 21: Brazil: Production of crude and processed bentonite, 1997 to 2006
Table 22: Brazil: Imports of bentonite by country, 2001 to 2007
Table 23: Brazil: Apparent consumption of processed bentonite, 2000 to 2006
Table 24: Bulgaria: Production of bentonite, 2000 to 2007
Table 25: Bulgaria: Exports of bentonite by country, 2001 to 2007
Table 26: Bulgaria: Apparent consumption of bentonite, 2000 to 2007
Table 27: Canadian Clay Products: Range of bentonite products
Table 28: Canada: Imports of bentonite by country, 2001 to 2007
Table 29: Chile: Production of bentonite, 2000 to 2007
Table 30: China: Production of bentonite, 2000 to 2007
Table 31: China: Producers of bentonite, 2008
Table 32: China: Producers of attapulgite and sepiolite, 2008
Table 33: China: Exports of bentonite by country, 2002 to 2007
Table 34: China: Apparent consumption of bentonite, 2000 to 2007
Table 35: Croatia: Production of bentonite, 2000 to 2007
Table 36: Cyprus: Production of bentonite, 2000 to 2007
Table 37: Cyprus: Exports of bentonite by country, 2001 to 2007
Table 38: Czech Republic: Production of bentonite, 2000 to 2007
Table 39: Czech Republic: Apparent consumption of bentonite, 2000 to 2007
Table 40: Denmark: Production of bentonite, 2000 to 2007
Table 41: France: Imports of bentonite by country, 2001 to 2007
Table 42: France: Apparent consumption of bentonite, 2000 to 2007
Table 43: Georgia: Details of bentonite reserves, 2008
Table 44: Georgia: Production of bentonite, 2000 to 2007
Table 45: Germany: Production of bentonite, 2000 to 2007
Table 46: Süd-Chemie: Structure of Absorbents business unit, 2008
Table 47: Süd-Chemie: Details of companies and plants that produce, use or distribute bentonite, 2007
Table 48: Süd-Chemie: Bentonite-based products and applications
Table 49: Süd-Chemie: Typical composition of bentonite produced
Table 50: Germany: Exports of bentonite by country, 2001 to 2007
Table 51: Germany: Imports of bentonite by country, 2001 to 2007
Table 52: Germany: Apparent consumption of bentonite, 2000 to 2007
Table 53: Greece: Production of crude, dry, processed and activated bentonite, 1996 to 2006
Table 54: S&B Industrial Minerals: Worldwide bentonite subsidiaries, December 31st 2007
Table 55: Greece: Exports of bentonite by importing country, 2001 to 2007
Table 56: Guatemala: Production of bentonite, 2000 to 2007
Table 57: Hungary: Production of bentonite, 2000 to 2007
Table 58: India: Reserves of bentonite, 2005
Table 59: India: Reserves of fuller' s earth by state, 2005
Table 60: India: Production of bentonite, 1999/00 to 2006/07
Table 61: India: Production of bentonite by state, 1999/00 to 2004/05
Table 62: India: Production of fuller' s earth, 1999/00 to 2006/07
Table 63: India: Production of fuller' s earth by state, 1999/00 to 2004/05
Table 64: Ashapura Minechem: Summary of clay processing facilities, 2008
Table 65: Ashapura Minechem: Production of bentonite and attapulgite, 2002/03 to 2005/06
Table 66: Ashapura Minechem: Sales of bentonite and attapulgite, 2002/03 to 2005/06
Table 67: India: Exports of bentonite by country, 2001 to 2006
Table 68: Indonesia: Estimated production of bentonite, 2000 to 2007
Table 69: Indonesia: Imports of bentonite by country, 2001 to 2006
Table 70: Iran: Production of bentonite, 2000 to 2007
Table 71: Italy: Production of bentonite, 2000 to 2007
Table 72: Italy: Production of fuller' s earth, 2000 to 2007
Table 73: Italy: Details of bentonite producers, 2008
Table 74: Italy: Exports of bentonite by country, 2001 to 2007
Table 75: Italy: Imports of bentonite by country, 2001 to 2007
Table 76: Italy: Apparent consumption of bentonite, 2000 to 2007
Table 77: Japan: Production of bentonite, 2000 to 2007
Table 78: Japan: Location of bentonite mines, 2005
Table 79: Japan: Production of bentonite by major companies, 2001 to 2004
Table 80: Kunimine: Bentonite products and applications, 2008
Table 81: Japan: Imports of bentonite by country, 2002 to 2007
Table 82: Japan: Apparent consumption of bentonite, 2000 to 2007
Table 83: Kazakhstan: Details of bentonite reserves, 2008
Table 84: Kazakhstan: Production of bentonite, 2000 to 2007
Table 85: South Korea: Production of bentonite, 2000 to 2007
Table 86: South Korea: Production of fuller' s earth, 2000 to 2007
Table 87: South Korea: Imports of bentonite by country, 2001 to 2007
Table 88: South Korea: Apparent consumption of bentonite, 2000 to 2007
Table 89: Macedonia: Production of bentonite, 2000 to 2007
Table 90: Exports of bentonite to Malaysia by reporting country, 2001 to 2007
Table 91: Mexico: Production of bentonite, 2000 to 2007
Table 92: Mexico: Production of fuller' s earth, 2000 to 2007
Table 93: Mexico: Apparent consumption of bentonite, 2000 to 2006
Table 94: Morocco: Production of bentonite, 2000 to 2007
Table 95: Morocco: Production of fuller' s earth, 2000 to 2007
Table 96: Morocco: Exports of bentonite by country, 2002 to 2006
Table 97: Mozambique: Production of bentonite, 2000 to 2007
Table 98: Myanmar: Production of bentonite, 2000 to 2007
Table 99: Netherlands: Imports of bentonite by country, 2001 to 2007
Table 100: Netherlands: Exports of bentonite by country, 2001 to 2007
Table 101: Netherlands: Apparent consumption of bentonite, 2000 to 2007
Table 102: New Zealand: Production of processed bentonite, 2000 to 2007
Table 103: Nicaragua: Estimated production of bentonite, 2000 to 2007
Table 104: Pakistan: Production of bentonite, 2000 to 2007
Table 105: Pakistan: Production of fuller' s earth, 2000 to 2007
Table 106: Peru: Production of bentonite, 2000 to 2007
Table 107: Philippines: Production of bentonite, 2000 to 2007
Table 108: Poland: Production of fuller' s earth, 2000 to 2007
Table 109: Poland: Production of processed bentonite from imports, 2000 to 2005
Table 110: Poland: Imports of bentonite by country, 2001 to 2007
Table 111: Romania: Production of bentonite, 2000 to 2007
Table 112: Russia: Reserves of bentonite, 2008
Table 113: Russia: Reserves of bentonite included in "moulding materials", 2008
Table 114: Russia: Reserves of bentonite included in "clay for drilling mud", 2008
Table 115: Russia: Production of bentonite, 2000 to 2007
Table 116: Russia: Production of bentonite by company, 2000 to 2006
Table 117: Russia: Production of bentonite powder by main companies, 2003 to 2006
Table 118: Argillite: Sales of bentonite products by customer and end use, 2004 to 2006
Table 119: JSC Bentonite: Sales of bentonite products by customer and end use, 2004 to 2006
Table 120: JSC Bentokam: Sales of bentonite products by customer and end use, 2004 to 2006
Table 121: PJSC Keramzit: Sales of bentonite powder by customer and end use, 2004 to 2006
Table 122: Khakass Bentonite: Sales of bentonite powder for foundry sands by customer, 2004 to 2006
Table 123: Russia: Imports of bentonite by country, 2001 to 2007
Table 124: Russia: Apparent consumption of bentonite, 2000 to 2007
Table 125: Russia: Estimated consumption of bentonite by end use and main users, 2005 and 2006
Table 126: Senegal: Production of attapulgite, 2000 to 2007
Table 127: Senegal: Exports of bentonite recorded by importing country, 2001 to 2007
Table 128: Slovak Republic: Production of bentonite, 2000 to 2007
Table 129: Slovak Republic: Exports of bentonite by country, 2001 to 2007
Table 130: South Africa: Production of bentonite, 2000 to 2007
Table 131: South Africa: Production of attapulgite, 2000 to 2007
Table 132: Spain: Production of bentonite, 2000 to 2007
Table 133: Spain: Production of bentonite by province, 1999 to 2005
Table 134: Spain: Production of attapulgite, 2000 to 2007
Table 135: Spain: Production of attapulgite by province, 1999 to 2005
Table 136: Spain: Production of sepiolite, 2000 to 2007
Table 137: Spain: Production of sepiolite by province, 1999 to 2005
Table 138: Tolsa: Details of foreign subsidiaries
Table 139: Tolsa: Products by sector and brandname
Table 140: Spain: Exports of bentonite by country, 2001 to 2007
Table 141: Spain: Imports of bentonite by country, 2001 to 2007
Table 142: Spain: Apparent consumption of bentonite, 2000 to 2007
Table 143: Sweden: Imports of bentonite by country, 2001 to 2007
Table 144: Thailand: Production of bentonite, 2000 to 2007
Table 145: Turkey: Production of bentonite, 2000 to 2007
Table 146: Turkey: Production of sepiolite, 2000 to 2007
Table 147: Turkey: Exports of bentonite by country, 2001 to 2007
Table 148: Turkmenistan: Production of bentonite, 2000 to 2007
Table 149: Ukraine: Details of bentonite reserves, 2008
Table 150: Ukraine: Production of bentonite, 2000 to 2007
Table 151: Dashukovskie Bentonites: Production of bentonite clay and powder, 2003 to 2007
Table 152: JSC Zavod Utyazhelitelei: Production of bentonite powder, 2003 to 2007
Table 153: JSC Zatissyansky Chemical Plant: Production of bentonite products, 2004 to 2007
Table 154: Ukraine: Exports of bentonite by country, 2001 to 2007
Table 155: Ukraine: Apparent consumption of bentonite, 2002 to 2007
Table 156: UK: Production of fuller' s earth, 2000 to 2007
Table 157: UK: Imports of bentonite by country, 2001 to 2007
Table 158: UK: Apparent consumption of bentonite, 2000 to 2007
Table 159: USA: Production of bentonite and fuller' s earth, 2000 to 2007
Table 160: AMCOL: Reserves of sodium and calcium bentonite, 2007
Table 161: AMCOL: Summary of bentonite sales by operation, 2000 to 2007
Table 162: American Colloid: Production of bentonite in Wyoming by operation, 2003 to 2006
Table 163: AMCOL: Details of main plants by business, 2008
Table 164: AMCOL: Main overseas bentonite operations
Table 165: Bentonite Performance Minerals: Production of bentonite by operation, 2003 to 2006
Table 166: Bentonite Performance Minerals: Bentonite products
Table 167: Black Hills Bentonite: Production of bentonite by operation, 2003 to 2006
Table 168: Kenneth E. Tanner: Mine production of bentonite, 2003 to 2006
Table 169: M-I Drilling Fluids: Production of bentonite, 2003 to 2006
Table 170: Oil-Dri: Mineral reserves by state, 2007
Table 171: Rockwood Holdings: Details of clay based additives plants
Table 172: Wyo-Ben: Production of bentonite, 2003 to 2006
Table 173: USA: Exports of bentonite and fuller' s earth, 2000 to 2007
Table 174: USA: Exports of bentonite by country, 2001 to 2007
Table 175: USA: Exports of decolourising and fuller' s earth by country, 2001to 2006
Table 176: USA: Apparent consumption of bentonite, 1999 to 2007
Table 177: Uzbekistan: Production of bentonite, 2000 to 2007
Table 178: World: Summary of bentonite production and trade, 2000 to 2007
Table 179: World: Exports of bentonite by country, 2000 to 2007
Table 180: Main trading countries: Exports of bentonite by destination, 2006
Table 181: World: Imports of bentonite by country, 2000 to 2007
Table 182: Main trading countries: Imports of bentonite by origin, 2006
Table 183: World: Exports of fuller' s earth and decolourising earths by country, 2000 to 2007
Table 184: World: Imports of fuller' s earth and decolourising earths by country, 2000 to 2007
Table 185: World: Estimated regional consumption of bentonite and fuller' s earth by end use, 2007
Table 186: Canada: Reported use of bentonite by industry, 2001 to 2006
Table 187: India: Estimated consumption of bentonite by industry, 1999/00 to 2004/05
Table 188: India: Estimated consumption of fuller' s earth by industry, 1999/00 to 2004/05
Table 189: USA: Bentonite sold or used by producers by main applications, 1996 to 2006
Table 190: USA: Fuller' s earth sold or used by producers by main applications, 1996 to 2006
Table 191: World: Forecast demand for bentonite and fuller' s earth by end use, 2012
Table 192: Uses for bentonite by rheological properties
Table 193: Uses for bentonite by absorption properties and reactivity
Table 194: Uses for fuller' s earth and sepiolite by absorption properties and reactivity
Table 195: Europe & USA: Types of bentonite and fuller' s earth used in cat litter
Table 196: USA: Consumption of bentonite and fuller' s earth in pet litter, 1996 to 2006
Table 197: USA: Consumption of bentonite and fuller' s earth in industrial absorbents, 1996 to 2006
Table 198: Green sand additives
Table 199: Physical properties of individual clay types
Table 200: Advantages and disadvantages of foundry bentonites
Table 201: World: Production of iron castings by main countries, 1999 to 2006
Table 202: World: Production of steel castings by main countries, 1999 to 2006
Table 203: Vale: Chemical specifications of iron ore pellets
Table 204: World: Iron ore pelletising capacity by region and country, 2002 and 2006
Table 205: World: Details of main pelletising plants, 2005 to 2006
Table 206: World: Production of iron ore pellets by country, 1998 to 2006
Table 207: World: Production of crude steel by region and leading countries, 1999 to 2007
Table 208: World: Apparent consumption of finished steel by region, 2000 to 2006
Table 209: World: Apparent consumption of finished steel by leading countries, 2000 to 2006
Table 210: World: Regional short-range outlook for apparent finished steel consumption to 2007-2009
Table 211: Selected countries: Per capita consumption of crude steel, 1999 to 2006
Table 212: World: Steel demand growth to 2010 and 2015
Table 213: World: Iron ore pellet plant capacity expansions and projects, 2008
Table 214: API specification 13A for bentonite and allied clays
Table 215: Typical composition of a water-based mud
Table 216: Typical composition of an oil-based mud
Table 217: Leading producers and suppliers of drilling muds
Table 218: World: Annual average drilling rig activity by region, 1990 to 2008 (number of active rigs)
Table 219: USA: Annual average bentonite consumption per drilling rig, 1995 to 2006
Table 220: Civil engineering applications for bentonite
Table 221: World: Production of palm oil by main countries, 1997 to 2006
Table 222: World: Production of soybean oil by main countries, 1997 to 2006
Table 223: World: Production of wine by main countries, 1997 to 2006
Table 224: USA: Consumption of bentonite and fuller' s earth in agricultural uses, 2000 to 2006
Table 225: World: Details of supply of selected special clays, 2008
Table 226: USA: Average unit price of bentonite and fuller' s earth sold or used by producers, 1990 to 2006
Table 227: USA: Prices for Wyoming bentonite, 1979 to 2008
Table 228: USA: Prices for attapulgite, 1993 to 2002
Table 229: UK: Prices for Wyoming bentonite, 1975 to 2002
Table 230: UK: Prices for fuller' s earth, 1975 to 2002
Table 231: Europe: Prices for bentonite, 2002 to 2008
Table 232: India: Prices for bentonite, 2002 to 2008
Table 233: UK: Comparison of average bentonite import and export values, 1999 to 2007

List of Figures

Figure 1: World: Estimated consumption of bentonite and fuller' s earth by main region and end use, 2007
Figure 2: World: Production of bentonite by main producing countries, 2007
Figure 3: World: Production of fuller' s earth by main producing countries, 2007
Figure 4: S&B Industrial Minerals: Bentonite sales by segment, 2007
Figure 5: Ashapura Minechem: Installed bentonite and attapulgite capacity, 2006/07
Figure 6: AMCOL: Sales by major product lines, 2007
Figure 7: Brazil: Consumption of crude bentonite by market, 2006
Figure 8: Canada: Reported consumption of bentonite by market, 2001 to 2005
Figure 9: Russia: Estimated consumption of bentonite by federal district, 2006
Figure 10: Russia: Estimated consumption of bentonite by end use, 2006
Figure 11: USA: Bentonite sold or used by producers by main applications, 1996 to 2006
Figure 12: USA: Fuller' s earth sold or used by producers by main applications, 1996 to 2006
Figure 13: USA: Consumption of bentonite and fuller' s earth in pet litter, 1996 to 2006
Figure 14: World: Production of iron castings, 1985 to 2006
Figure 15: World: Production of steel castings, 1995 to 2006
Figure 16: USA: Production of iron castings and consumption of bentonite in foundries, 1999 to 2006
Figure 17: World: Production of iron ore pellets by region, 1998 to 2006
Figure 18: World: Consumption of finished steel by leading countries, 2000 to 2006
Figure 19: Selected countries: Trends in per capita consumption of steel, 1999 to 2006
Figure 20: World: Distribution of certified API 13A bentonite producers, 2006
Figure 21: World: Average annual drilling rig activity, 1975 to 2007
Figure 22: USA: Average monthly rig count and consumption of bentonite in drilling muds, 1990 to 2007
Figure 23: World: Production of wine by region, 1997 to 2006
Figure 24: USA: Average annual unit prices of bentonite and fuller' s earth sold or used by producers, 1990 to 2006

The Economics of Bentonite, 11th edition

Table of Contents

List of Tables

List of Figures