Nanophotonics: Assessment of Technology and Market Opportunities

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1. Key Findings

• 1.1. General nanotechnology findings
• 1.2. Nanotechnology timeline
• 1.3. Nanophotonic technologies and applications
• 1.4. The nanophotonic value chain
• 1.5. Nanophotonics market opportunities
• 1.6. Nanophotonics suppliers

2. The Emerging Field of Nanophotonics

• 2.1. Highlights
• 2.2. Nanotechnology: What it is, What it isnt
• 2.3. Nanotechnology timeline
• 2.4. Nanotechnology examples
• 2.5. The industry structure of nanotechnology
• 2.6. Defining nanophotonics
• 2.7. Three nanophotonics supply chains
• 2.8. The cash flow "Valley of Death"
• 2.9. R&D funding and distribution
• 2.10. Partnering in nanotechnology
• 2.11. National and state nanotechnology programs
• 2.12. Nano-Valley or not?
• 2.13. Key academic nanophotonics programs

3. Colloidal Nanoparticles

• 3.1. Highlights
• 3.2. Nanoparticles
• 3.3. Quantum dot nanocrystals
• 3.4. Metallic nanorods and nanoshells
• 3.5. Amplifying fluorophores
• 3.6. Photonic nanoparticle applications
• 3.7. Forecast for photonic nanoparticles
• 3.8. Suppliers of colloidal nanoparticles

4. Wafer-based Nanostructures

• 4.1. Highlights
• 4.2. Nanoparticles and quantum dots
• 4.3. Wafer-based nanowires
• 4.4. III-V quantum dot lasers
• 4.5. Erbium-doped silica nanoparticles
• 4.6. Nanoparticles for silicon emitters
  • 4.6.1. Silicon nanocrystals in erbium-doped silica
  • 4.6.2. Direct-gap silicon by dislocation engineering
  • 4.6.3. Surface state switching
  • 4.6.4. Raman emission
  • 4.6.5. Monolithic integration
  • 4.6.6. Hybrid integration
  • 4.6.7. Other approaches to silicon-based emission
• 4.7. Quantum dot lasers
• 4.8. QDIPs and focal plane arrays
• 4.9. On-chip and chip-to-chip interconnects
• 4.10. Optocouplers
• 4.11. Other applications
• 4.12. Companies associated with wafer-based nanostructures

5. Holography and Photonic Crystals

• 5.1. Highlights
• 5.2. Devices that defy simple labels
• 5.3. Photonic crystals in nature
• 5.4. Photonic crystal and holographic timeline
• 5.5. Types of photonic crystals
• 5.6. Photonic and electronic bandgaps
• 5.7. Surface plasmon guides
• 5.8. Photonic wires
• 5.9. Integrated holographics
• 5.10. Design and manufacturing issues
• 5.11. Applications
  • 5.11.1. LEDs, lasers, and other efficient emitters
  • 5.11.2. Passive optical elements
  • 5.11.3. Microfluidic and other sensors
  • 5.11.4. Other applications
• 5.12. Forecasts for key applications
• 5.13. Suppliers of planar photonics crystals
• 5.14. Key university and institute R&D

6. Microstructured Fiber and Nanowireds

• 6.1. Highlights
• 6.2. Terminology
• 6.3. Timeline
• 6.4. Fiber nanowires and step-index fibers
• 6.5. Effective index guided holey fibers
• 6.6. Photonic bandgap and Bragg fibers
• 6.7. Comparison of holey and nanofibers
• 6.8. Applications of microstructured fibers
  • 6.8.1. Summary of applications
  • 6.8.2. Optical power delivery
  • 6.8.3. Sensors and switches
  • 6.8.4. Large area and low-nonlinearity doped fiber
  • 6.8.5. High-nonlinearity and supercontinuum sources
  • 6.8.6. Dispersion tailoring
  • 6.8.7. Polarization maintaining fiber
  • 6.8.8. Double clad fiber
  • 6.8.9. Requirements for communications
  • 6.8.10. Other applications
• 6.9. The market for nano- and microfibers
• 6.10. Suppliers of microstructured fibers
• 6.11. Leading specialty fiber suppliers

7. Nanofluidic and other sensors

• 7.1. Highlights
• 7.2. The paradox of sensors
• 7.3. Photonic sensors
• 7.4. Key terminology
• 7.5. Fluorescence microscopy
• 7.6. The biophotonics equipment market
• 7.7. Vendors of fluorometry equipment
• 7.8. Advantages of nanofluidic sensors
• 7.9. The paradox of nanofluidic sensors
• 7.10.The nanofluidics device market
• 7.11. Some types of nanofluidic sensors
• 7.12.Companies associated with nanofluidic sensors
• 7.13.Biophotonics university and institute programs

8. Nanophotonics in LEDs

• 8.1. Quantum dots in LEDs
• 8.2. Photonic crystals in LEDs
• 8.3. Forecast of LEDs using nanophotonics
• 8.4. Customers of LEDs
• 8.5. Suppliers of LEDs

9. Photovoltaic Applications

• 9.1. Highlights
• 9.2. The solar cell industry
• 9.3. How to compete in solar cells
  • 9.3.1. Conversion efficiency
  • 9.3.2. Reliability
  • 9.3.3. Price
  • 9.3.4. Volume production
• 9.4. Existing solar cell technologies
• 9.5. Emerging solar cell technologies
  • 9.5.1. Graetzel cell
  • 9.5.2. Silicon spheres
  • 9.5.3. Nanorods
  • 9.5.4. Organic cells with fullerenes
  • 9.5.5. Stacked cells with nanoclusters
  • 9.5.6. Compound semiconductors and quantum dots
  • 9.5.7. Organic heterojunctions
  • 9.5.8. Alternatives to solar cells
  • 9.5.9. Summary of alternative approaches
• 9.6. Solar cell market segments
• 9.7. Pricing history and forecasting
• 9.8. Solar cell forecast
• 9.9. Nanotechnology solar cell forecast
• 9.10.Established solar cell suppliers
• 9.11. Emerging solar cell suppliers

10. Displays

• 10.1 Highlights
• 10.2. Display technologies and suppliers
• 10.3. Carbon nanotubes and displays
• 10.4. Other emerging display technologies
• 10.5. Other nanotechnology in displays
• 10.6. Forecast of displays with nanotechnology
• 10.7. Suppliers of nanophotonic displays

11. Photonics in nanolithography

• 11.1. Highlights
• 11.2. Introduction
• 11.3. Nanolithography approaches
  • 11.3.1. Optical lithography
  • 11.3.2. Scanning near-field lithography
  • 11.3.3. Two-photon lithography and 3-prototyping
  • 11.3.4. Imprint lithography
  • 11.3.5. Electron beam lithography
  • 11.3.6. Dip-pen lithography and optical tweezers
  • 11.3.7. Plasmon printing and other methods
  • 11.3.8. Self-assembly and growth
• 11.4. Trends in VLSI lithography
• 11.5. Trends in VLSI inspection
• 11.6. The semiconductor roadmap
• 11.7. The Red Brick Wall
• 11.8. The lithographic tool market
• 11.9. Forecast for lasers in lithographic tools
• 11.10. Tool and laser system suppliers