Table of Contents
SUMMARY
INTRODUCTION
UV RADIATION AND ITS EFFECTS
- Solar UV index
- Effects of UV radiation on human health
- The link between UV radiation and cancer
- Effects of UV radiation on textiles
PROTECTION AGAINST UV RADIATION
- The need for protection against UV radiation
- Sun awareness campaigns
- Methods of protecting against UV radiation
- Role of clothing in UV protection
- Effect of the design and fit of a garment
MEASURING THE PENETRATION OF UV RADIATION THROUGH FABRICS
- Ultraviolet protection factor
- UPF Certification Scheme
FABRIC PROPERTIES WHICH INFLUENCE UV TRANSMISSION
- Effect of fabric composition
- Effect of fabric construction
- Fabric density
- Optical porosity
- Cover factor
- Breathability
- Surface finish
- Effect of fabric weight
- Effect of fabric stretch and shrinkage
- Effect of moisture content
- Effect of fabric condition
- Effect and presence of dyes in the fabric
- Effect of finishing treatments and additives in the fabric
- Combination of fabric properties which influence UV protection
METHODS OF BOOSTING UV PROTECTION IN CLOTHING
- Incorporating UV absorbers
- New methods of applying UV absorbers to apparel fabrics
- Incorporating optical brightening agents
- Laundering
INDUSTRY STANDARDS FOR UV PROTECTIVE CLOTHING
MARKET FOR UV PROTECTIVE CLOTHING
CONCLUSIONS
List of tables
- Table 1: Solar UV index
- Table 2: Ultraviolet protection factor (UPF) ratings
- Table 3: Ultraviolet protection factor (UPF) classification
- Table 4: Ultraviolet protection factor (UPF) rating of 236 summer fabrics
of different fibre types
- Table 5: Optical porosity, cover factor and maximum theoretical
ultraviolet protection factor (UPF)
- Table 6: Relationship between fibre type, density, weight and ultraviolet
protection factor (UPF)
- Table 7: Relationship between the weight and ultraviolet protection factor
(UPF) ratings of undyed cotton fabric, Modal fabric and Modal Sun fabric
samples
- Table 8: Ultraviolet protection factor (UPF) ratings for cotton and
polyester fabrics, by colour
- Table 9: Ultraviolet protection factors (UPF) for a knitted fabric before
and after treatment with a cellulase enzyme
- Table 10: Examples of fabric properties which provide excellent UV
protection and those which provide poor UV protection
- Table 11: Examples of fabrics and garments which provide good UV
protection and those which provide poor UV protection
- Table 12: Effect of various treatments on the UV protective properties of
white cotton T-shirt fabric
- Table 13: Sun protective clothing standards in Australia, New Zealand, the
USA and Europe
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