Table of Contents
1. Overview
- 1.1 Statement of Report
- 1.2 About This Report
- 1.3 Scope of the Report
- 1.4 Objectives
- 1.5 Methodology
- 1.6 Executive Summary
2. The Medical Imaging Market
- 2.1 Medical Imaging Industry Market Size
- 2.2 Medical Imaging Infrastructure
- 2.2.1 Total Healthcare Expenditures and Demographics
- 2.2.2 Number of Hospitals
- 2.2.3 Number of Radiologists
- 2.2.4 Radiology Services
- 2.2.5 Medical Imaging Companies
- 2.2.6 Market Drivers
- 2.2.6.1 Product Enhancements Drive Adoption of Imaging Procedures
Among End-Users
- 2.2.6.2 Potential of Novel Contrast Agents Development to Drive
Imaging Procedure Volumes
- 2.2.6.3 Rapid Pace of Innovation Narrows Product Lifecycles and
Restricts Spending
- 2.2.7 Market Restraints
- 2.2.8 Market Aspects
- 2.2.8.1 Molecular Imaging
- 2.2.8.2 Outpatient Facilities are the Best Growth Market
- 2.2.8.3 Diagnostic Imaging Modalities Witness Several Technology
Advancements
- 2.2.8.4 Safety and Ergonomics Concerns Drive Technology Growth
- 2.2.8.5 Volumetric Imaging and Post-Image Processing Techniques
Develop Rapidly
- 2.2.8.6 Increasing Implementation of PACS Units Pushes Digital
Radiography into High Gear
- 2.2.8.7 Future Price Reduction Set to Stimulate Wider Acceptance of DR
Systems
- 2.2.8.8 High-Performance Imaging Combined with Lower Radiation Doses
Spurs DR Growth
- 2.3 Market Sector Analysis
- 2.3.1 Competition
- 2.3.2 Penetration Rates of PACS
3. PACS Market
- 3.1 PACS Technology
- 3.1.1 PACS History
- 3.1.1.1 In the Beginning
- 3.1.1.2 PACS Pioneers
- 3.1.1.3 Early Efforts
- 3.1.1.4 Early PACS Efforts
- 3.1.1.5 DICOM Begins
- 3.1.1.6 Filmless
- 3.1.1.7 Today and Tomorrow
- 3.1.2 Image Acquisition
- 3.1.3 Distribution and Communication
- 3.1.4 Archiving
- 3.1.5 Servers
- 3.1.6 Image Display Systems
- 3.1.7 PACS Drivers
- 3.1.8 Barriers
- 3.2 PACS Vendors
- 3.3 Leading PACS Vendors
- 3.4 PACS Societies
- 3.5 PACS Forecasts
- 3.6 Market Dynamics
- 3.6.1 Market Challenges
- 3.6.2 Integrating Imaging Systems
- 3.6.3 Lack of Funding can Stall Introduction of PACS
- 3.6.4 Determining and Defining the Return on Investment (ROI) of PACS
Solutions
- 3.6.5 Effective PACS Training
- 3.6.6 PACS Outside the Radiology Department and the Hospital
- 3.6.7 Development of Web-based and GUI PACS Solutions
- 3.6.8 How Much is Enough Storage?
- 3.6.9 Information Lifecycle Management (ILM)
- 3.6.9.1 The Process
- 3.6.9.2 Automation
- 3.6.9.3 Simplified Disaster Recovery
- 3.6.9.4 Better Backups
- 3.6.9.5 Solving the problem
- 3.6.10 Always Online PACS
- 3.6.11 Cost of Electronic Storage and Data Transfer Decreasing (Moore' s
Law)
- 3.6.12 Hospital CEOs and PACS
- 3.6.13 PACS and RIS Integration Benefits
- 3.6.13.1 Brokered Versus Integrated RIS/PACS
- 3.6.14 The Healthcare Leadership Council Congressional Recommendations
- 3.6.15 Deployment of Filmless Environments Attracting the Best Recruits
- 3.6.15.1 Planning for Migration from One PACS to Another?
- 3.6.15.2 Critical Success Factors as Seen by the Referring Physicians
- 3.6.15.3 Connecting PACS to Results: Text and Images Together
- 3.6.15.4 ROI on PACS and RIS
- 3.6.15.5 Advantages of Outsourcing Digital Storage Rather than
Implementing an Archive in House
- 3.6.15.6 Special Considerations in PACS for Extensive Remote or
Outsourced Image Reading
- 3.6.15.7 Enhancing Workflow to Optimize Service to Emergency Medicine
- 3.6.15.8 Customer Support for PACS: Guidelines
- 3.6.15.9 RIS/PACS Target Outcomes and Benefit Realization
- 3.6.15.10 How PACS Helps Radiology Deal with CR?
- 3.6.15.11 Interfaced, Integrated and Unified PACS
- 3.7 PACS Usage
- 3.8 Purchase Options
- 3.8.1 Turnkey
- 3.8.2 Software-only PACS (Best of Breed/Unbundled Solutions)
- 3.8.3 Web-based PACS
- 3.8.4 Application Service Provider
- 3.9 Telemedicine/Teleradiology
- 3.9.1 Opportunities
- 3.9.1.1 Civilian
- 3.9.1.2 Military
- 3.10 Software (Image Processing, PACS, etc.) Companies
- 3.11 Software (PACS and RIS)
4. Regulations and Standards
- 4.1 HIPAA
- 4.1.1 Title I: Healthcare Access, Portability and Renewability
- 4.1.2 Title II: Preventing Healthcare Fraud and Abuse, Administrative
Simplification and Medical Liability Reform
- 4.1.2.1 The Privacy Rule
- 4.1.2.2 The Transactions and Code Sets Rule
- 4.1.2.3 The Security Rule
- 4.1.2.4 The Unique Identifiers Rule (National Provider Identifier)
- 4.1.2.5 The Enforcement Rule
- 4.2 DICOM
- 4.2.1 History
- 4.2.2 DICOM Data Format
- 4.2.3 DICOM Services
- 4.2.3.1 Store
- 4.2.3.2 Storage Commitment
- 4.2.3.3 Query/Retrieve
- 4.2.3.4 Modality Worklist
- 4.2.3.5 Modality Performed Procedure Step
- 4.2.3.6 Printing
- 4.2.3.7 Off-line Media (DICOM Files)
- 4.2.4 Application Areas
- 4.3 HL7
- 4.3.1 What Does the Name HL7 Mean?
- 4.3.2 Why HL7?
- 4.3.3 How is HL7 Organized?
- 4.3.4 New and Ongoing Initiatives
- 4.3.4.1 HIPAA
- 4.3.4.2 The Reference Information Model (RIM)
- 4.4 Clinical Data Interchange Standards Consortium
- 4.5 The IHE
- 4.6 Optimal Patient Care
- 4.7 The Four Steps of the Process
- 4.8 The Technical Framework-Business and Technology Together
- 4.9 Leading by Example
- 4.10 IHE and the EHR
- 4.11 Nuclear Medicine Special Issues
- 4.11.1 SNM and the IHE
- 4.11.2 Problems interfacing PACS and NM
- 4.11.3 The IHE Nuclear Medicine Profile
- 4.11.4 The Next Step
- 4.12 Government Healthcare Initiatives Creates Opportunities for PACS
Vendors
5. Technology Trends
- 5.1 Content-based Image Retrieval (CBIR)
- 5.2 Digital Dashboard
- 5.3 Digital Dashboard Example: PACSPulse
- 5.4 Paperless Workflow in PACS
- 5.5 Process and Workflow Example for RIS PACS Integration
- 5.6 Process and Workflow Example for High Speed CT
6. Company Profiles
- 6.1 Agfa-Gevaert Corp.
- 6.2 Canon
- 6.3 Carestream Health, Inc. (Formerly Kodak Health Imaging Division)
- 6.4 Cerner Corporation
- 6.5 DR Systems
- 6.6 Dynamic Imaging
- 6.7 Emageon
- 6.8 FujiFilm Medical Systems USA
- 6.9 GE Healthcare (RIS/PACS)
- 6.10 Hitachi Medical Systems America
- 6.11 IBM (PACS)
- 6.12 IMCO Technologies
- 6.13 Intelerad Medical System
- 6.14 McKesson Corporation
- 6.15 Merge Healthcare (Acquired eMed Technologies)
- 6.16 Philips Medical Systems (PACS)
- 6.17 ScImage
- 6.18 Siemens Medical Solutions (RIS/PACS)
- 6.19 SmartPACS (Newly Renamed to Infinitt)
- 6.20 Thinking Systems Corporation
7. Manufacturers
INDEX OF FIGURES
- Figure 2.1: Total Spending on Healthcare in the U.S., 1960-2007
- Figure 2.2: International Per Capita Healthcare Spending by Country, 2006
- Figure 3.1: Representative PACS Architecture
- Figure 3.2: PACS Facilities Shown by Number of Exams/Procedures Performed
Per Year
- Figure 3.3: Modalities Offered by PACS Facilities
- Figure 3.4: US Facilities with PACS
- Figure 3.5: PACS Installation Duration
- Figure 3.6: Number of Vendors Evaluated
- Figure 3.7 Ranking of PACS Evaluation Factors
- Figure 3.8 PACS Features Considered in Evaluating PACS
- Figure 3.9 PACS Vendor Aspects Considered in Evaluating PACS
- Figure 3.10: Number of Service Calls
- Figure 3.11: PACS Satisfaction
- Figure 3.12: Vendor' s US Market Share
- Figure 4.1: IHE Technical Framework
- Figure 4.2: IHE Framework Organization
- Figure 5.1: Digital Dashboard
- Figure 5.2: PACSPulse Architecture
- Figure 5.3: The Usage and Performance Dashboard
- Figure 5.4: Paper Versus Paperless PACS Workflow
- Figure 5.5: PACS Workflow Example for a CT System
INDEX OF TABLES
- Table 2.1: U.S. Medical Imaging Market Size, 2001-2010
- Table 2.2: Global Medical Imaging Market Size, 2001-2010
- Table 2.3: U.S. User Expenditures for Medical Imaging Equipment and
Related Products, 2000-2007
- Table 2.4: Total Number of Americans Over 65 Years of Age, 2000-2050
- Table 2.5: Hospital Survey
- Table 2.6: Percent Change in Volume of Examinations Per Imaging Modality
between 1993 and 2004
- Table 2.7: Worldwide Market Share Medical Imaging Companies
- Table 2.8: Worldwide Imaging Procedures, 2001-2010
- Table 2.9: Penetration Rates of PACS in U.S. Hospitals, 2006-2012
- Table 3.1: List of Vendors
- Table 3.2: U.S. Market for PACS, 2004-2012
- Table 3.3: Worldwide and Regional Markets for PACS, 2004-2012
- Table 3.4: European PACS Expenditures, 2004-2012
- Table 3.5: ECRI Criteria for PACS Evaluation
- Table 3.6: Healthcare Leadership Council
- Table 3.7: Healthcare Leadership Council Summary of HIT Benefits
- Table 3.8: PACS Placements by Facility Type
- Table 3.9: Vendor' s US Market Share
- Table 4.1: IHE Actors and Transactions
- Table 5.1: The Usage and Performance Dashboard
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