Abstract
Research Methodology
WinterGreen Research authors use a structured, consistent, and detailed
research approach. The methodology supports an analytical approach to market
research. In depth comparisons are made of many aspects of the market. Data
relating to Industry segments is developed to permit presentation of forecasts
and market share positioned to have substantive value. Research has been
automated using automation of interactive surveys that implement delta trend
analysis and instant messaging in combination with e-mail. Automation is made
possible because of a proprietary engine that implements multi-layered cell
based analysis. Modular systems support dynamic computing that use a graphical
configuration engine to reach more people in a research modality.
Full spectrum research and information services, including market reports,
customized research, and customer interviewing are available, reports and
research are positioned to provide strategic value to industry participants,
strategic planners, and product managers.
New systems combine sales tools and independent industry analysis, seeking to
leverage the expertise of the sales force and combine it with the skepticism
of the analysts to provide accurate return on investment analysis.
Mostafa A. El-Sayed Most Cited Catalyst Scientific Research.
Mostafa A. El-Sayed at the Georgic Technology Laser Dynamics Laboratory is the
undisputed leader in catalyst scientific research. He has been the most
articulate scholar and engineer and the most often cited scholar in describing
that different shapes of the same metal create different characteristics of
the same materials. More work needs to be done to understand the basic science
of nanoparticles before fuel cell catalysts can be made to scale commercially.
Mostafa A. El-Sayed Is The Undisputed Leader In Catalyst Scientific Research
Mostafa is the most likely to achieve the scientific break thoroughs. The
effects of different size nanoparticles are still being investigated.
Companies are poised to fund more research with him at the Laser Dynamics
Laboratory, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of
Technology to investigate the impact of shape on material characteristics.
Susie Eustis Describes The Electromagnetic Effect Of Surface Oscillation On
Nanoparticles
Susie Eustis describes the electromagnetic effect of surface oscillation on
nanoparticles. One of the interesting things about nano particles that makes
them different from other particles is that there is very little interior, the
nanoparticle is mostly surface, creating a different type of entity than a
particle with an exterior and interior. The different shapes of the same
material create different characteristics because the electrons are so close
to the surface in a very small particle that the behavior of the electrons
depends on how soon it hits the edge of the particle more than what type of
material chemistry and physics as may be constituted in a larger particle.
In the case of a larger particle that has an interior wall to give the
electrons a more consistent way of behaving, the shape of the particle is not
so significant as it is in a nanoparticle. Susie Eustis has been a leader in
describing that the reason the change of shape affects the characteristics of
the metal. Scientific procedures used to observe the surface plasmon resonance
absorption are used to discover new materials properties.
Surface plasmon resonance and synthesis procedures for nanoparticles are a
basis for discovering more efficient catalysts. Nanoparticle catalysts lower
the activation energy of the reaction, and increase the rate of reaction and
the yield of the desired products with small amounts of material. Metal
nanoparticles generally take advantage of the electromagnetic field
enhancement of noble metal nanoparticles resulting from the surface plasmon
oscillations, creating variations in nanoparticles characteristics that can be
leveraged to achieve better fuel cell catalysts.
The color of metal nanoparticles changes depending on the shape and size of
the nanoparticle and dielectric constant of the surrounding medium. The
varying characteristics of nanoparticles are needing more investigation before
contributing to the basic science in a manner that creates the ability to use
nanoparticles for fuel cell catalysts. The properties of a material are
dependent on particle size and shape. Materials on the 1-100nm scale have
characteristics relevant to the size and scale. New properties develop on the
nanoscale. Lack of symmetry and electron confinement are unique properties of
nanoparticles.
Characteristics Of Nanoparticles Do Not Scale Linearly With Size And Are A
Function OF Electron Behavior The characteristics of nanoparticles do not
scale linearly with size, the same material in larger quantity had different
characteristics.
According to Susie Eustis in her PhD thesis, “The nanometer scale
(1-100nm) incorporates collections of atoms or molecules, whose properties are
neither those of the individual constituents nor those of the bulk. On this
scale, many of the atoms are still located on the surface, or one layer
removed from the surface, as opposed to the interior. The interface between
substances is just now beginning to be understood. New properties are observed
on this scale due to the interface that is not observed in the bulk or
individual atoms. Since the properties depend on the size of the structure,
instead of just the nature of the material, reliable and continual change can
be achieved using a single material.”
Johnson Matthey
Johnson Matthey has an agreement with PolyFuel on supply of membranes for
portable fuel cell market. Johnson Matthey and PolyFuel have an agreement for
hydrocarbon direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC) membranes intended for fuel cells
to power portable devices. Johnson Matthey will use these membranes in the
manufacture of catalyst coated membranes (CCMs) and membrane electrode
assemblies (MEAs), which are the part of a fuel cell that transforms fuel into
electricity.
Johnson Matthey is a leader in fuel cell catalysts, in marrying catalysts and
membranes, and in engineering, manufacturing and selling the catalyst coated
membranes and membrane electrode assemblies. Johnson Matthey fuel cells
support is as a channel partner. Partners purchase DMFC hydrocarbon membranes
to manufacture a variety of CCM and MEA products for the portable fuel cell
market.
A high volume, portable fuel cell market is an important driver in the
development and widespread use of fuel cells in all applications.
Strategically, the Johnson Matthey / PolyFuel supply of membranes for portable
fuel cell market partnering strategy is significant.
Market For Fuel Cell Catalysts
The market for fuel cell catalysts was $51.5 million in 2006. Markets are
anticipated to grow rapidly to $2.4 billion in 2013 as stationary and portable
fuel cells are implemented.
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