Specialty Water Treatment Chemicals: What's Ahead?

TABLE OF CONTENTS

INTRODUCTION

STUDY GOAL AND OBJECTIVES

• REASON FOR DOING THE STUDY
• CONTRIBUTION OF THE STUDY AND FOR WHOM
• SCOPE AND FORMAT
• METHODOLOGY
• INFORMATION SOURCES
• RELATED BCC PUBLICATIONS
  • REPORTS
  • MONTHLY NEWSLETTERS
• BCC ON-LINE SERVICES
  • DISCLAIMER

SUMMARY

• Summary Table:
  VALUE OF THE U.S. SALES OF WATER TREATMENT CHEMICALS, THROUGH 2007 ($ MILLIONS)
• Summary Figure:
  VALUE OF THE U.S. SALES OF WATER TREATMENT CHEMICALS, 1995-2007 ($ MILLIONS)

INDUSTRY OVERVIEW

• HISTORY OF THE INDUSTRY
  • HISTORY OF THE INDUSTRY (CONTINUED)
  • HISTORY OF THE INDUSTRY (CONTINUED)
• MAJOR APPLICATIONS
  • CORROSIONS AND SCALE INHIBITING CHEMICALS
  • BIOCIDES AND DISINFECTING CHEMICALS
  • COAGULANTS AND FLOCCULANTS
  • FILTER MEDIA AND ADSORBENT CHEMICALS
  • SOFTENERS AND PH ADJUSTORS
  • FLUORIDATION AGENTS
  • ANTIFOAMING AGENTS
• TECHNOLOGY
  • STRUCTURE
  • WATER USE CYCLES
    • Table 1 SPECIALTY CHEMICAL TREATMENT OF WATER APPLICATIONS
• Industrial Applications
• Table 2 WATER REQUIRED FOR SOME FINISHED GOODS
• Recycling Industrial Water
• Reuse of Industrial Water
• Industrial Market Size
• Table 3 U.S. SALES OF INDUSTRIAL SPECIALTY WATER TREATMENT CHEMICALS BY TYPE, 2002 ($ MILLIONS)
• Figure 1 U.S. SALES OF INDUSTRIAL SPECIALTY WATER TREATMENT CHEMICALS BY CLASS, 2002 (%)
• Industrial End-Uses
• Figure 2 END-USE OF INDUSTRIAL WATER BY SHARE, 2001 (%)
• Cooling Water
• Boiler Water
• Wastewater
• Process Water
• Table 4 MAJOR INDUSTRIAL PROCESS WATER USERS
• Commercial Process Water
• Primary Metal Process Water
• Chemical Process Water
• Paper and Pulp Process Water
• Minerals Process Water
• Food and Beverage Process Water
• Municipal Applications
• Table 5 PER CAPITIA WATER CONSUMPTION FOR SOME COUNTRIES, 2001 (GALLONS PER DAY)
• Water Quality Issues
• Municipal Market Size
• Table 6 U.S. SALES OF WATER TREATMENT CHEMICALS USED BY MUNICIPALITIES, 2002 ($ MILLIONS)
• Figure 3 U.S. SALES OF WATER TREATMENT CHEMICALS USED BY MUNICIPALITIES, 2002 (%)
• Table 7 ORGANICS REGULATED BY THE EPA
• End Uses of Municipal Water Treatment
• Figure 4 END USES OF MUNICIPAL WATER (%)
• Municipal Potable Water
• Municipal Wastewater
• Specialized Applications
• Table 8 U.S. SALES OF WATER TREATMENT CHEMICALS USED BY SPECIALTY MARKETS, 2002 ($ MILLIONS)
• Figure 5 U.S. SALES OF WATER TREATMENT CHEMICALS USED BY SPECIALTY MARKETS, 2002 (%)
• Specialized Applications: Domestic Market
• Table 9 SUBDIVISIONS IN THE DOMESTIC MARKET
• Residential Filtration
• Swimming Pools
• Small Water Supply Systems
• Specialized Applications: Military
• Specialized Applications: Maritime
• Specialized Applications: Agriculture
• Specialized Applications: Aquaculture
• Specialized Applications: Remote Locations

CORROSION AND SCALE INHIBITING CHEMICALS

• MARKET SIZE AND GROWTH
  • Figure 6 DIVISION OF THE MARKET FOR CORROSION INHIBITORS BY TYPE, 2002 (%)
  • Table 10 U.S. SALES OF CORROSION AND SCALE INHIBITING INHIBITOR BY MARKET, THROUGH 2007 ($ MILLIONS)
  • Table 11 VALUE OF U.S. SALES OF CORROSION AND SCALE INHIBITING CHEMICALS BY TYPE, THROUGH 2007 ($ MILLIONS)
  • IMPORTANT STRATEGIES
  • DRIVING FORCES
  • REGULATORY CONSTRAINTS
• APPLICATIONS
  • TYPES OF INHIBITORS
    • Table 12 CLASSIFICATION OF CORROSION INHIBITORS
  • Passivating Inhibitors
  • Cathodic Inhibitors
  • Table 13 TYPES OF CATHODIC INHIBITORS
  • Organic Inhibitors
  • Precipitation Inhibitors
  • Volatile Corrosion Inhibitors
  • CHEMICALS THAT FUNCTION AS CORROSION AND SCALE INHIBITORS
    • Table 14 GROUPINGS OF CORROSION AND SCALE INHIBITORS
  • Phosphorus
  • Table 15 PHOSPHORUS-BASED CORROSION INHIBITORS
• Phosphates
  • Pentasodium Triphosphate Na₅(PO₃-O-PO₂-O-PO₃)
  • Phosphoric Acid H₃PO₄
  • Polyphosphoric Acid H₃P₄O₁₃
  • Potassium Phosphates
  • Sodium Acid Pyrophosphate Na₂H₂P₂O₇
  • Sodium Phosphates
• Phosphonates
  • Aminotrimethylene Phosphonic Acid C₃H₁₂NO₉P₃
  • Diammonium Cocamine di (methylene phosphonate)
  • Etidronic Acid CH₃C(OH)(PO₃H₂)
  • Hydroxy Phosphino Carboxylic Acid
  • Hydroxy Phosphonic Acid OP(OH)₂CHOHCOOH
  • Methylene Phosphonate C₁₀H₂₉N₂O₁₂P₄
  • Potassium hexamethylene diamine tetra (methylene phosphonate)
• Synergistic Phosphorus Combinations
  • Polyphosphates + Chromates and/or Zinc
  • Polyphosphates + Silicates
• Amines
• Table 16 CLASSES OF AMINES USED IN WATER TREATMENT
• Specific Amines Used in Water Treatment
• Table 17 AMINE-BASED CHEMICALS USED IN WATER TREATMENT
• Amminomethyl Propanol CH₃(CH₃)(NH₂)CH₂OH
• Bis-Hexamethylene Triamine NH₂(CH₂)₆NH(CH₂)₆NH₂
• Cyclohexylamine C₆H₁₁NH₂
• Diethylaminoethanol (C₂H₅)₂NCH₂CH₂OH
• Diethylenetriamine-penta-methylene Phosphonic Acid C₉H₂₈N₃O₁₅P₅
• Ethylenediamine NH₂CH₂CH₂NH₂
• Ethylenediaminetetraacetic Acid (HOOCCH₂)₂NCH₂CH₂N(CH₂COOH)₂
• Monoethanolamine NH₂CH₂CH₂OH
• Morpholine C₄H₈ONH
• Myristamine C₁4H₃₁N and Myristamine Acetate C₁₄H₂₉NH₂HOOCCH₃
• Octadecylamine CH₃(CH₂)₁₆CH₂NH₂
• Nitrilotriacedtic Acid N(CN₂COOH)₃
• PEG-5 Cocamide
• Stearamine CH₃(CH₂)₁₆CH₂NH₂ and Stearamine Acetate
• Silicates
  • Description of Individual Chemicals
• Table 18 SILICA-BASED CHEMICALS USED IN WATER TREATMENT
• Sodium Silicate Na₆Si₂O₇
• Sodium Metasilicate Na₂SiO₃
• Sodium Orthosilicate
• Molybdenum/Molybdates
  • Description of Individual Chemicals
• Table 19 MOLYBDATE-BASED CHEMICALS USED IN WATER TREATMENT
• Molybdenum Trioxide MoO₃
• Sodium Molybdate NaMoO₄
• Hydrazine
  • Description of Individual Chemicals
• Table 20 HYDRAZINE DERIVATIVES USED IN WATER TREATMENT
• Carbohydrazide NH₂NHCONHNH₂
• Hydrazine Hydrate H₂NNH₂
• Prices
• RECENT RESEARCH
• INDUSTRY STRUCTURE/COMPETITION
  • MARKET SIZE
    • Figure 7 U.S. MANUFACTURERS OF CORROSION INHIBITORS, MARKET SHARE, 2001 (%)
  • Phosphorus
  • Figure 8 HOW PHOSPHORUS IS USED (%)
  • Figure 9 MANUFACTURERS OF PHOSPHATES MARKET SHARE, 2001 (%)
• Phosphorus (Continued)
• Amines
• Figure 10 MANUFACTURERS OF AMINES MARKET SHARE, 2001 (%)
• Silicates
• Figure 11 MANUFACTURERS OF SILICA-BASED CHEMICALS MARKET SHARE, 2001 (%)
• Molybdenum
• Figure 12 MANUFACTURERS OF MOLYBDENUM MARKET SHARE, 2001 (%)
• Hydrazine
• Figure 13 HOW HYDRAZINE IS USED (%)
• COMPANY PROFILES
  • Air Products and Chemicals Inc.
  • Albemarle Corporation
  • Arch Hydrazine
  • Astaris LLC
  • Atofina Chemicals, Inc.
  • BASF Corporation
  • Bayer Hydrazine
  • Dow Chemical Company
  • EI DuPont De Nemours and Company
  • FMC Corporation
  • Huntsman Corporation
  • IMC Global
  • INEOS
  • J.M. Huber Corporation
  • Molycorp, Inc.
  • Occidental Chemical Corporation (Oxychem)
  • Phelps Dodge
  • Potash Corporation of Saskatchewan, Inc.
  • PPG Industries
  • PQ Corporation
  • The Prayon Group
  • Rhodia

BIOCIDES AND DISINFECTING CHEMICALS

• Table 21 CATEGORIES OF MICROORGANISMS
• BIOCIDES AND DISINFECTING CHEMICALS (CONTINUED)
• MARKET SIZE AND GROWTH
• Table 22 U.S. MARKET FOR INDIVIDUAL BIOCIDES, MARKET SHARE, 2001 ($ MILLIONS)
• Figure 14 U.S. MARKET FOR INDIVIDUAL BIOCIDES, MARKET SHARE 2002 (%)
• Table 23 U.S. BIOCIDE MARKET SIZE, THROUGH 2007 ($ MILLIONS)
• Table 24 VALUE OF U.S. SALES OF THE MOST WIDELY USED BIOCIDES ($ MILLIONS)
• MARKET SIZE AND GROWTH (CONTINUED)
• MARKET SIZE AND GROWTH (CONTINUED)
• MARKET SIZE AND GROWTH (CONTINUED)
• DRIVING FORCES
• REGULATORY CONSTRAINTS
  • Table 25 DISINFECTION BYPRODUCTS REGULATED BY THE EPA
• APPLICATIONS
• Table 26 CHEMICALS USED AS BIOCIDES OR DISINFECTANTS
• TYPES OF INHIBITORS
  • Bromine
  • Table 27 WATER TREATMENT CHEMICALS THAT CONTAIN BROMINE
    • Description of Individual Chemicals
      • Bromine Br₂
      • Bromine Chloride BrCl
      • 1-Bromo-3-chloro-5, 5-dimethyl hydantoin C₅H₅BrClN₂O₂
      • 3-Bromochloro-5,5-Dimethyl Hydantoin BrCl(CH₃)₂C₃N₂O₂
      • 2-Bromo-2-Nitropropane-1,3-diol C₃H₆BrNO₄
      • 1,2-Dibromo-2,4-Dicyanobutane C₆H₆Br₂N₂
      • 2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide C₃H₂Br₂N₂O
      • Hypobromous Acid HOBr
      • Sodium Bromide NaBr
  • Chlorine
  • Table 28 WATER TREATMENT CHEMICALS THAT CONTAIN CHLORINE
    • Description of Some Individual Chemicals
      • Behentrimonium Chloride C₂₅H₅₄NCl
      • Benzalkonium Chloride C₆H₅CH₂N(CH₃)₂RCl, R=C₈H₁₇-C₁₈H₃₇
      • Benzethonium Chloride C₂₇H₄₂ClNO₂
      • Calcium Chloride CaCl₂
      • Dodeylguanaine Hydrochloride CH₃(CH₂)₁₁NHCNH₂+NHCl
      • Monochloramine NH₂Cl
      • Myristalkonium Chloride C₂₃H₄₂NCl
      • Sodium Dichloroisocyanurate NaNC(O)NCl(O)NClCO
      • Steartrimonium Chloride C₂₇H₅₀NCl
  • Chlorine Dioxide
  • Copper Sulfate
  • Hydrogen Peroxide
  • Hypochlorites
  • Table 29 HYPOCHLORITES USED IN WATER TREATMENT
• Calcium Hypochlorite Ca[Ocl]₂
• Lithium Hypochlorite LiOCl
• Potassium Hypochlorite ClHOK
• Sodium Hypochlorite NaOCl
• Iodine
  • Description of Individual Chemicals
    • Iodine I₂
    • Tetraglycine Hydroperiodide
• Ozone
• Potassium Permanganate
• Sulfur Dioxide
  • Prices
• INDUSTRY STRUCTURE/COMPETITION
  • MARKET SIZE
    • Figure 15 MANUFACTURERS OF BIOCIDES, U.S. MARKET SHARE, 2001 (%)
    • Bromine
    • Figure 16 HOW BROMINE IS USED (%)
    • Figure 17 MANUFACTURERS OF BROMINE-BASED CHEMICALS MARKET SHARE, 2001 (%)
    • Chlorine
    • Figure 18 HOW CHLORINE IS USED (%)
    • Figure 19 MANUFACTURERS OF CHLORINE MARKET SHARE, 2001 (%)
    • Sodium Chlorate
    • Figure 20 HOW CHLORINE DIOXIDE/SODIUM CHLORATE IS USED (%)
    • Figure 21 NORTH AMERICAN MANUFACTURERS OF SODIUM CHLORATE MARKET SHARE, 2001 (%)
    • Copper Sulfate
    • Figure 22 HOW COPPER SULFATE IS USED (%)
      • Hydrogen Peroxide
    • Figure 23 HOW HYDROGEN PEROXIDE IS USED (%)
    • Figure 24 MANUFACTURERS OF HYDROGEN PEROXIDE MARKET SHARE, 2001 (%)
    • Calcium/Sodium Hypochlorite
    • Figure 25 HOW CALCIUM HYPOCHLORITE IS USED (%)
    • Figure 26 HOW INDUSTRIAL SODIUM HYPOCHLORITE IS USED (%)
    • Figure 27 MANUFACTURERS OF CALCIUM HYPOCHLORITE MARKET SHARE, 2001 (%)
    • Iodine
    • Figure 28 HOW IODINE IS USED (%)
    • Figure 29 MANUFACTURERS OF IODINE MARKET SHARE, 2001 (%)
    • Ozone
    • Figure 30 HOW OZONE IS USED (%)
    • Sulfur Dioxide
    • Figure 31 HOW SULFUR DIOXIDE IS USED (%)
    • Figure 32 MANUFACTURERS OF SULFUR DIOXIDE MARKET SHARE, 2001 (%)
• TECHNOLOGY AND TRENDS
  • TECHNOLOGICAL HISTORY
  • RECENT RESEARCH
    • Recent Research (Continued)
    • Recent Research (Continued)
• INDUSTRY STRUCTURE/COMPETITION
  • COMPANY PROFILES
    • Albemarle Corporation
    • Altivia
    • Ambar, Inc.
    • Ameribrom
    • Arch Chemicals
    • ASARCO
    • Atofina Chemicals, Inc.
    • Bromine Compounds Ltd.
    • Carus Chemical Company
    • Clariant International
    • Dead Sea Bromine Group
    • Degussa Corporation
    • Dow Chemical Company
    • EI DuPont De Nemours and Company
    • Eka Chemicals Inc.
    • FMC Corporation
    • Formosa Plastics Corporation
    • Great Lakes Chemical Corporation
    • Huron Tech Corporation
    • Kennecott Utah Copper Corporation
    • Marsulex Inc.
    • Nexen Chemicals
    • Olin Chlor Alkali Products
    • Occidental Chemical Corporation (Oxychem)
    • Osmonics, Inc.
    • Oxy Vinyls LC
    • Ozonia North America
    • PCI-Wedeco
    • Phelps Dodge
    • PPG Industries
    • Praxair Inc.
    • PVS Chemicals Inc.
    • Rohm & Haas
    • Solvay Interox, Inc.
    • SQM North America
    • Sterling Chemicals, Inc.
    • Vulcan Performance Chemicals

COAGULANTS AND FLOCCULANTS

• MARKET SIZE AND GROWTH
• Table 30 U.S. COAGULANT AND FLOCCULANT MARKET SIZE, THROUGH 2007 ($ MILLIONS)
• Table 31 U.S. SALES OF COAGULANTS AND FLOCCULANTS IN WATER TREATMENT, THROUGH 2007 ($ MILLIONS)
• MARKET SIZE AND GROWTH (CONTINUED)
• DRIVING FORCES
• REGULATORY CONSTRAINTS
• APPLICATIONS
  • ORGANIC COAGULANTS
    • Polymers
      • Price
  • INORGANIC COAGULANTS
    • Individual Inorganic Coagulants
    • Table 32 INORGANIC COAGULANTS USED IN WATER TREATMENT
      • Aluminum Chloride AlCl₃
      • Aluminum Sulfate Al₂(SO₄)₃
      • Calcium Chloride CaCl₂
      • Ferric Chloride FeCl₃
      • Ferric Sulfate Fe₂(SO₄)₃
      • Ferrous Chloride FeCl₂
      • Ferrous Sulfate FeSO₄
      • Hydroxylated Ferric Sulfate Fe₅(SO₄)₇(OH)
      • Magnesium Hydroxide Mg(OH)₂
      • Polyaluminum Chloride Al₂O₃
      • Sodium Aluminate NaAlO₂
    • Prices
• INDUSTRY STRUCTURE/COMPETITION
  • MARKET SIZE
    • Figure 33 DIVISIONS WITH THE COAGULANT/FLOCCULANT MARKET (%)
    • Polyacrylamides
    • Figure 34 MANUFACTURERS OF ACRYLAMIDE, U.S. MARKET SHARE, 2001 (%)
    • Inorganic Coagulants
    • Figure 35 MANUFACTURERS OF INORGANIC COAGULANTS MARKET SHARE 2001 (%)
      • Aluminum Salts
    • Figure 36 MANUFACTURERS OF ALUMINUM SALTS MARKET SHARE, 2001 (%)
      • Calcium Chloride
    • Figure 37 MANUFACTURERS OF CALCIUM CHLORIDE MARKET SHARE, 2001 (%)
      • Ferric Chloride
    • Figure 38 MANUFACTURERS OF FERRIC CHLORIDE MARKET SHARE, 2001 (%)
      • Ferrous Sulfate
    • Figure 39 MANUFACTURERS OF FERROUS SULFATE MARKET SHARE, 2001 (%)
      • Magnesium Hydroxide
    • Figure 40 MANUFACTURERS OF MAGNESIUM HYDROXIDE MARKET SHARE, 2001 (%)
• TECHNOLOGY AND TRENDS
  • TECHNOLOGICAL HISTORY
  • RECENT RESEARCH
• INDUSTRY STRUCTURE/COMPETITION
  • COMPANY PROFILES
    • Ciba Specialty Chemicals
    • Crown Technology
    • Cytec Industries, Inc.
    • Dow Chemical Company
    • EI DuPont De Nemours and Company
    • Eaglebrook
    • The General Chemical Group Inc.
    • GEO Specialty Chemicals
    • Kemiron
    • Martin Marietta Magnesia Specialties
    • Ondeo Nalco Chemical Co.
    • PVS Technologies Inc.
    • QC Corporation
    • Rohm & Haas
    • SNF Floerger and Bio-Flocryl Inc.
    • Tetra Technologies, Inc.

FILTER MEDIA AND ADSORBENT CHEMICALS

• MARKET SIZE AND GROWTH
• Table 33 ACTIVATED CARBON USED IN WATER TREATMENT MARKET SIZE, THROUGH 2007 ($ MILLIONS)
• Table 34 U.S. SALES OF ACTIVATED CARBON USED IN WATER TREATMENT, THROUGH 2007 ($ MILLIONS)
• REGULATORY CONSTRAINTS
• APPLICATIONS
  • ACTIVATED CARBON
    • Activated Carbon (Continued)
    • Table 35 METHODS THAT REGENERATE CARBON
    • Regeneration of Activated Carbon
    • Price
  • OTHER FILTRATION MEDIA
    • Bentonite
    • Diatomaceous Earth
    • Anthracite Coal
    • Perlite
• INDUSTRY STRUCTURE/COMPETITION
  • MARKET SIZE
    • Figure 41 DIVISIONS WITHIN THE MARKET USING AC TO PURIFY LIQUIDS (%)
    • Figure 42 MANUFACTURERS OF ACTIVATED CARBON MARKET SHARE, 2001 (%)
• TECHNOLOGY AND TRENDS
  • TECHNOLOGICAL HISTORY
  • RECENT RESEARCH
    • Recent Research (Continued)
  • COMPANY PROFILES
    • American Colloid Company
    • Barnebey Sutcliffe Corporation
    • Calgon Carbon Corporation
    • Norit Americas Inc.
    • Volclay International
    • Westvaco Corporation

SOFTENERS AND PH ADJUSTERS

• Table 36 CLASSIFICATION OF WATER HARDNESS
• MARKET SIZE AND GROWTH
• Table 37 U.S. WATER SOFTENERS USED IN WATER TREATMENT MARKET SIZE, THROUGH 2007 ($ MILLIONS)
• MARKET SIZE AND GROWTH (CONTINUED)
  • Table 38 U.S. SALES OF SOFTENERS AND PH ADJUSTERS, THROUGH 2007 ($ MILLIONS)
• REGULATORY CONSTRAINTS
• APPLICATIONS
  • ION EXCHANGE RESINS
    • Ion Exchange Resins (Continued)
    • Strong Cation Exchange Resins
    • Weak Acid Cation Resins
    • Strong Base Anionic Resins
    • Weak Base Anionic Resins
    • Regeneration
    • Prices
  • SPECIALTY ACIDS
    • Table 39 SPECIALTY ACIDS USED IN WATER TREATMENT
    • Citric Acid (C₆H₈O₇)
    • Hydrochloric Acid (HCl)
    • Phosphoric Acid (H₃PO₄)
    • Sulfamic Acid (H₃NO₃S)
    • Price
  • TECHNOLOGY HISTORY
  • RECENT RESEARCH
    • Recent Research (Continued)
• INDUSTRY STRUCTURE/COMPETITION
  • MARKET SIZE
    • Ion Exchange Resins
    • Figure 43 MANUFACTURERS OF ION EXCHANGE RESINS MARKET SHARE, 2001 (%)
    • Specialty Acids
    • Figure 44 U.S. SPECIALTY ACID MARKET DIVISIONS (%)
    • Figure 45 MANUFACTURERS OF SPECIALTY ACID MARKET SHARE 2001 (%)
      • Phosphoric Acid
    • Figure 46 MANUFACTURERS OF PHOSPORIC ACID MARKET SHARE, 2001 (%)
      • Hydrochloric Acid
  • Figure 47 MANUFACTURERS OF HYDROCHLORIC ACID MARKET SHARE, 2001 (%)
  • Figure 48 INDUSTRIES THAT USE HYDROCHLORIC ACID (%)
• Citric Acid
• Figure 49 MANUFACTURERS OF CITRIC ACID MARKET SHARE, 2001 (%)
• Figure 50 CITRIC ACID MARKET DIVISIONS (%)
• TECHNOLOGY AND TRENDS
  • COMPANY PROFILES
    • Archer Daniels Midland
    • Astaris LLC
    • BASF Corporation
    • Bayer Corporation
    • Cargill
    • Dow Chemical Company
    • EI DuPont De Nemours and Company
    • Purolite Company
    • Potash Corporation
    • Rohm & Haas
    • Vulcan Performance Chemicals

FLUORIDATION AGENTS

• FLUORIDATION AGENTS (CONTINUED)
• MARKET SIZE AND GROWTH
• Table 40 U.S. FLUORIDE MARKET SIZE, THROUGH 2007 ($ MILLIONS)
• DRIVING FORCES
• REGULATORY CONSTRAINTS
• APPLICATIONS
  • TYPES OF CHEMICALS USED IN FLUORIDATION
    • Table 41 FLUORIDATION CHEMICALS USED IN WATER TREATMENT
    • Hydrofluosilicic Acid (H₂SiF₆)
    • Sodium Fluoride (NaF)
    • Sodium Silicofluoride (Na₂SiF₆)
  • PRICES
• TECHNOLOGY AND TRENDS
  • TECHNOLOGICAL HISTORY
• INDUSTRY STRUCTURE/COMPETITION
  • MARKET SIZE
  • COMPANY PROFILES
  • IMC Global
    • Lucier Chemical Industries Ltd.
    • Solvay Fluorides

SILICONE-BASED ANTIFOAMING AND DEFOAMING AGENTS

• MARKET SIZE AND GROWTH
• Table 42 U.S. FOAM CONTROL AGENTS USED IN WATER TREATMENT MARKET SIZE, THROUGH 2007 ($ MILLIONS)
• Table 43 U.S. SALES OF ANTIFOAMING AND DEFOAMING AGENTS ($ MILLIONS)
• Figure 51 DIVISIONS WITHIN THE ANTIFOAMING/DEFOAMING CHEMICAL MARKET, 2001 (%)
• APPLICATIONS
• Table 44 ANTIFOAMING CHEMICALS USED IN WATER TREATMENT
• Polydimethylsiloxane (CH₃)₃SiO[Si(CH₃)₂O]_NSi(CH₃)₃
• Ethylene Distearamide CCH₃(CH₂)₁₆CONH(CH₂)₂NHCO(CH₂)₁₆CH₃
• Polyoxypropylene C₄H₉(OCHCH₃CHCH₂)X(OCH₂CH₂)YOH
• Silicone Emulsions
• Simethicone (CH₃)₃SiO[Si(CH₃)₂O]_NSi(CH₃)₃, N=200-350
• PRICES
• TECHNOLOGY AND TRENDS
• INDUSTRY STRUCTURE/COMPETITION
  • MARKET SHARE
    • Figure 52 BREAKDOWN OF THE U.S. SILICONE MARKET, 2002 (%)
    • Figure 53 SILICONE FLUIDS MARKET, 2002 (%)
    • Figure 54 U.S. MANUFACTURERS OF SILICONES MARKET SHARE, 2001 (%)
  • OVERVIEW
    • Company Profiles
      • BASF Corporation
      • Betzdearborn
      • Degussa Corporation
      • Dow Corning
      • G. E. Silicones
      • Ondeo Nalco Chemical Co.
      • Osi Specialties Group
      • Rhodia Silicones
      • Shin-Etsu Chemical Company
      • Wacker Silicones Corporation

APPENDIX

• COMPANY DIRECTORY

LIST OF TABLES

• Summary Table:
  VALUE OF THE U.S. SALES OF WATER TREATMENT CHEMICALS, THROUGH 2007 ($ MILLIONS)
• Table 1 SPECIALTY CHEMICAL TREATMENT OF WATER APPLICATIONS
• Table 2 WATER REQUIRED FOR SOME FINISHED GOODS
• Table 3 U.S. SALES OF INDUSTRIAL SPECIALTY WATER TREATMENT CHEMICALS BY TYPE, 2002 ($ MILLIONS)
• Table 4 MAJOR INDUSTRIAL PROCESS WATER USERS
• Table 5 PER CAPITIA WATER CONSUMPTION FOR SOME COUNTRIES, 2001 (GALLONS PER DAY)
• Table 6 U.S. SALES OF WATER TREATMENT CHEMICALS USED BY MUNICIPALITIES, 2002 ($ MILLIONS)
• Table 7 ORGANICS REGULATED BY THE EPA
• Table 8 U.S. SALES OF WATER TREATMENT CHEMICALS USED BY SPECIALTY MARKETS, 2002 ($ MILLIONS)
• Table 9 SUBDIVISIONS IN THE DOMESTIC MARKET
• Table 10 U.S. SALES OF CORROSION AND SCALE INHIBITING INHIBITOR BY MARKET, THROUGH 2007 ($ MILLIONS)
• Table 11 VALUE OF U.S. SALES OF CORROSION AND SCALE INHIBITING CHEMICALS BY TYPE, THROUGH 2007 ($ MILLIONS)
• Table 12 CLASSIFICATION OF CORROSION INHIBITORS
• Table 13 TYPES OF CATHODIC INHIBITORS
• Table 14 GROUPINGS OF CORROSION AND SCALE INHIBITORS
• Table 15 PHOSPHORUS-BASED CORROSION INHIBITORS
• Table 16 CLASSES OF AMINES USED IN WATER TREATMENT
• Table 17 AMINE-BASED CHEMICALS USED IN WATER TREATMENT
• Table 18 SILICA-BASED CHEMICALS USED IN WATER TREATMENT
• Table 19 MOLYBDATE-BASED CHEMICALS USED IN WATER TREATMENT
• Table 20 HYDRAZINE DERIVATIVES USED IN WATER TREATMENT
• Table 21 CATEGORIES OF MICROORGANISMS
• Table 22 U.S. MARKET FOR INDIVIDUAL BIOCIDES, MARKET SHARE, 2001 ($ MILLIONS)
• Table 23 U.S. BIOCIDE MARKET SIZE, THROUGH 2007 ($ MILLIONS)
• Table 24 VALUE OF U.S. SALES OF THE MOST WIDELY USED BIOCIDES ($ MILLIONS)
• Table 25 DISINFECTION BYPRODUCTS REGULATED BY THE EPA
• Table 26 CHEMICALS USED AS BIOCIDES OR DISINFECTANTS
• Table 27 WATER TREATMENT CHEMICALS THAT CONTAIN BROMINE
• Table 28 WATER TREATMENT CHEMICALS THAT CONTAIN CHLORINE
• Table 29 HYPOCHLORITES USED IN WATER TREATMENT
• Table 30 U.S. COAGULANT AND FLOCCULANT MARKET SIZE, THROUGH 2007 ($ MILLIONS)
• Table 31 U.S. SALES OF COAGULANTS AND FLOCCULANTS IN WATER TREATMENT, THROUGH 2007 ($ MILLIONS)
• Table 32 INORGANIC COAGULANTS USED IN WATER TREATMENT
• Table 33 ACTIVATED CARBON USED IN WATER TREATMENT MARKET SIZE, THROUGH 2007 ($ MILLIONS)
• Table 34 U.S. SALES OF ACTIVATED CARBON USED IN WATER TREATMENT, THROUGH 2007 ($ MILLIONS)
• Table 35 METHODS THAT REGENERATE CARBON
• Table 36 CLASSIFICATION OF WATER HARDNESS
• Table 37 U.S. WATER SOFTENERS USED IN WATER TREATMENT MARKET SIZE, THROUGH 2007 ($ MILLIONS)
• Table 38 U.S. SALES OF SOFTENERS AND PH ADJUSTERS, THROUGH 2007 ($ MILLIONS)
• Table 39 SPECIALTY ACIDS USED IN WATER TREATMENT
• Table 40 U.S. FLUORIDE MARKET SIZE, THROUGH 2007 ($ MILLIONS)
• Table 41 FLUORIDATION CHEMICALS USED IN WATER TREATMENT
• Table 42 U.S. FOAM CONTROL AGENTS USED IN WATER TREATMENT MARKET SIZE, THROUGH 2007 ($ MILLIONS)
• Table 43 U.S. SALES OF ANTIFOAMING AND DEFOAMING AGENTS ($ MILLIONS)
• Table 44 ANTIFOAMING CHEMICALS USED IN WATER TREATMENT

LIST OF FIGURES

• Summary Figure:
  VALUE OF THE U.S. SALES OF WATER TREATMENT CHEMICALS, 1995-2007 ($ MILLIONS)
• Figure 1 U.S. SALES OF INDUSTRIAL SPECIALTY WATER TREATMENT CHEMICALS BY CLASS, 2002 (%)
• Figure 2 END-USE OF INDUSTRIAL WATER BY SHARE, 2001 (%)
• Figure 3 U.S. SALES OF WATER TREATMENT CHEMICALS USED BY MUNICIPALITIES, 2002 (%)
• Figure 4 END USES OF MUNICIPAL WATER (%)
• Figure 5 U.S. SALES OF WATER TREATMENT CHEMICALS USED BY SPECIALTY MARKETS, 2002 (%)
• Figure 6 DIVISION OF THE MARKET FOR CORROSION INHIBITORS BY TYPE, 2002 (%)
• Figure 7 U.S. MANUFACTURERS OF CORROSION INHIBITORS, MARKET SHARE, 2001 (%)
• Figure 8 HOW PHOSPHORUS IS USED (%)
• Figure 9 MANUFACTURERS OF PHOSPHATES MARKET SHARE, 2001 (%)
• Figure 10 MANUFACTURERS OF AMINES MARKET SHARE, 2001 (%)
• Figure 11 MANUFACTURERS OF SILICA-BASED CHEMICALS MARKET SHARE, 2001 (%)
• Figure 12 MANUFACTURERS OF MOLYBDENUM MARKET SHARE, 2001 (%)
• Figure 13 HOW HYDRAZINE IS USED (%)
• Figure 14 U.S. MARKET FOR INDIVIDUAL BIOCIDES, MARKET SHARE 2002 (%)
• Figure 15 MANUFACTURERS OF BIOCIDES, U.S. MARKET SHARE, 2001 (%)
• Figure 16 HOW BROMINE IS USED (%)
• Figure 17 MANUFACTURERS OF BROMINE-BASED CHEMICALS MARKET SHARE, 2001 (%)
• Figure 18 HOW CHLORINE IS USED (%)
• Figure 19 MANUFACTURERS OF CHLORINE MARKET SHARE, 2001 (%)
• Figure 20 HOW CHLORINE DIOXIDE/SODIUM CHLORATE IS USED (%)
• Figure 21 NORTH AMERICAN MANUFACTURERS OF SODIUM CHLORATE MARKET SHARE, 2001 (%)
• Figure 22 HOW COPPER SULFATE IS USED (%)
• Figure 23 HOW HYDROGEN PEROXIDE IS USED (%)
• Figure 24 MANUFACTURERS OF HYDROGEN PEROXIDE MARKET SHARE, 2001 (%)
• Figure 25 HOW CALCIUM HYPOCHLORITE IS USED (%)
• Figure 26 HOW INDUSTRIAL SODIUM HYPOCHLORITE IS USED (%)
• Figure 27 MANUFACTURERS OF CALCIUM HYPOCHLORITE MARKET SHARE, 2001 (%)
• Figure 28 HOW IODINE IS USED (%)
• Figure 29 MANUFACTURERS OF IODINE MARKET SHARE, 2001 (%)
• Figure 30 HOW OZONE IS USED (%)
• Figure 31 HOW SULFUR DIOXIDE IS USED (%)
• Figure 32 MANUFACTURERS OF SULFUR DIOXIDE MARKET SHARE, 2001 (%)
• Figure 33 DIVISIONS WITH THE COAGULANT/FLOCCULANT MARKET (%)
• Figure 34 MANUFACTURERS OF ACRYLAMIDE, U.S. MARKET SHARE, 2001 (%)
• Figure 35 MANUFACTURERS OF INORGANIC COAGULANTS MARKET SHARE 2001 (%)
• Figure 36 MANUFACTURERS OF ALUMINUM SALTS MARKET SHARE, 2001 (%)
• Figure 37 MANUFACTURERS OF CALCIUM CHLORIDE MARKET SHARE, 2001 (%)
• Figure 38 MANUFACTURERS OF FERRIC CHLORIDE MARKET SHARE, 2001 (%)
• Figure 39 MANUFACTURERS OF FERROUS SULFATE MARKET SHARE, 2001 (%)
• Figure 40 MANUFACTURERS OF MAGNESIUM HYDROXIDE MARKET SHARE, 2001 (%)
• Figure 41 DIVISIONS WITHIN THE MARKET USING AC TO PURIFY LIQUIDS (%)
• Figure 42 MANUFACTURERS OF ACTIVATED CARBON MARKET SHARE, 2001 (%)
• Figure 43 MANUFACTURERS OF ION EXCHANGE RESINS MARKET SHARE, 2001 (%)
• Figure 44 U.S. SPECIALTY ACID MARKET DIVISIONS (%)
• Figure 45 MANUFACTURERS OF SPECIALTY ACID MARKET SHARE 2001 (%)
• Figure 46 MANUFACTURERS OF PHOSPORIC ACID MARKET SHARE, 2001 (%)
• Figure 47 MANUFACTURERS OF HYDROCHLORIC ACID MARKET SHARE, 2001 (%)
• Figure 48 INDUSTRIES THAT USE HYDROCHLORIC ACID (%)
• Figure 49 MANUFACTURERS OF CITRIC ACID MARKET SHARE, 2001 (%)
• Figure 50 CITRIC ACID MARKET DIVISIONS (%)
• Figure 51 DIVISIONS WITHIN THE ANTIFOAMING/DEFOAMING CHEMICAL MARKET, 2001 (%)
• Figure 52 BREAKDOWN OF THE U.S. SILICONE MARKET, 2002 (%)
• Figure 53 SILICONE FLUIDS MARKET, 2002 (%)
• Figure 54 U.S. MANUFACTURERS OF SILICONES MARKET SHARE, 2001 (%)