Vaccine Technologies and Global Markets

Table of Contents

• Vaccine Technologies and Global Markets
• Chapter 1 - SUMMARY
  • SUMMARY TABLE: GLOBAL VACCINE MARKET: REVENUE FORECAST BY TECHNOLOGY SEGMENTS THROUGH 2013 ($ MILLIONS)
  • SUMMARY FIGURE: GLOBAL VACCINE MARKET: REVENUE FORECAST BY TECHNOLOGY SEGMENTS 2003-2013 ($ MILLIONS)
• Chapter 2 - OVERVIEW
  • VACCINE DEFINITION
  • TABLE 1 EXISTING HUMAN VACCINES IN THE GLOBAL MARKET
    • HISTORY
  • TABLE 2 HUMAN VACCINES: MORBIDITY AND DEVELOPMENT
  • TABLE 2 (CONTINUED)
  • TABLE 2 (CONTINUED)
  • TABLE 2 (CONTINUED)
    • CLASSIFICATION OF VACCINES BY IMMUNOGEN
      • INACTIVATED OR ATTENUATED
      • TOXOID
      • LIVE AVIRULENT BACTERIN
      • SUBUNIT VACCINES
      • CONJUGATE VACCINES
      • DNA VACCINES
      • RECOMBINANT VECTOR VACCINES
  • CLASSIFICATION OF VACCINES BY APPLICATION
    • PROPHYLACTIC VACCINES
      • Polio Vaccines
      • Funding Scenario
  • TABLE 3 FUNDING SCENARIO FOR ERADICATING POLIO ($ MILLIONS)
  • TABLE 4 TYPES OF POLIO VACCINES
    • Rotavirus Vaccines
    • Typhoid Vaccine
      • Oral Typhoid Vaccine (Ty21a)
    • Varicella Vaccines
    • Hepatitis B Vaccine
    • Hib Vaccine
  • TABLE 5 VARIOUS FORMULATIONS OF HIB VACCINE
  • TABLE 6 COMBINATIONS OF HEP B AND HIB
    • Influenza
      • Cost-Effectiveness of Influenza Vaccination
  • TABLE 7 LOSS DUE TO HUMAN INFLUENZA MORBIDITY
    • Influenza Recommendation for China
  • TABLE 8 CHINESE GOVERNMENT RECOMMENDATION FOR FLU VACCINATION
  • TABLE 9 DOSE REQUIREMENT IN CHINA-FLU VACCINES, 2002-2006 (MILLION DOSES)
  • TABLE 10 SEASONAL INFLUENZA VACCINE PRODUCTION ESTIMATES
    • THERAPEUTIC VACCINES
      • Cancer Vaccines
      • Antigen/Adjuvant Vaccines
      • Whole Cell Tumor Vaccines
      • Dendritic Cell (DC) Vaccines
      • Viral Vectors and DNA Vaccines
      • Idiotype Vaccines
        • Idiotype Vaccines (Continued)
      • Quality Control and Release Testing
      • Sterility Testing
  • TABLE 11 CANCER VACCINES IN DEVELOPMENT
  • TABLE 11 (CONTINUED)
  • TABLE 12 PROTEIN- OR PEPTIDE-BASED CANCER VACCINES IN CLINICAL DEVELOPMENT
  • TABLE 13 CELL-BASED VACCINES IN DEVELOPMENT
    • Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)
      • Human ý (Continued)
  • TABLE 14 VACCINES IN DEVELOPMENT FOR HIV
    • Malaria Vaccines
      • Challenges in Developing a Malaria Vaccine
  • TABLE 15 VACCINES IN DEVELOPMENT FOR MALARIA
  • TABLE 15 (CONTINUED)
    • COMBINATION VACCINES
      • CONCERNS WITH COMBINATION VACCINES
  • TABLE 16 ADVANTAGES OF COMBINATION VACCINES
    • ANIMAL VACCINES
      • ANIMAL VACCINES (CONTINUED)
        • CLASSIFICATION OF VETERINARY VACCINES
  • FIGURE 1 TYPES OF ANIMAL VACCINES
    • Feline Vaccines
  • TABLE 17 FACTORS DETERMINING CHOICE OF FELINE VACCINE
    • Routine Feline Vaccines
    • Canine Core Vaccines
    • Canine Noncore Vaccines10
  • POULTRY VACCINES
    • Live, Attenuated Vaccines
    • Inactivated Vaccines
  • TABLE 18 VACCINE ADMINISTRATION METHODS FOR POULTRY
  • TABLE 19 CLASSIFICATION BASED ON THE ROUTE OF ADMINISTRATION
  • TABLE 20 COMMERCIAL POULTRY VACCINES
  • TABLE 20 (CONTINUED)
  • TABLE 20 (CONTINUED)
  • TABLE 20 (CONTINUED)
  • TABLE 20 (CONTINUED)
  • TABLE 20 (CONTINUED)
  • TABLE 20 (CONTINUED)
  • TABLE 20 (CONTINUED)
  • TABLE 20 (CONTINUED)
    • AQUACULTURE VACCINES
  • TABLE 21 VACCINES LICENSED FOR AQUACULTURE WORLDWIDE
  • TABLE 21 (CONTINUED)
  • TABLE 22 AQUACULTURE NEEDS - REGION BASED
  • TABLE 22 (CONTINUED)
    • VACCINATION SCHEDULE
  • TABLE 23 EFFECT OF MODIFICATION OF VACINATION SCHEDULES
    • RISKS OF CHANGES TO SCHEDULES
    • DESIGNING AN IMMUNIZATION SCHEDULE
    • ISSUES TO BE CONSIDERED WHILE PLANNING TO INTRODUCE A NEW VACCINE
      • Disease Burden and Cost
      • Epidemiology of the Disease and Morbidity and Mortality
  • TABLE 24 VACCINE DELIVERY: TECHNOLOGY IMPACT THROUGH MODIFICATION OF IMMUNIZATION SERVICES
    • VACCINE ADVERSE REACTIONS
  • TABLE 25 COMMON ADVERSE REACTIONS
    • VACCINE SAFETY DATALINK (VSD) PROJECT
  • TABLE 26 MANAGED CARE ORGANIZATION (MCO) SITES
  • TABLE 27 SIGNIFICANT CORRELATIONS BETWEEN VACCINES AND ADVERSE REACTIONS
  • TABLE 28 CURRENT PRIORITY STUDIES
    • RAPID CYCLE ANALYSIS (RCA) PROJECT
    • VACCINE SAFETY RESEARCH
  • TABLE 29 RESEARCH ACTIVITIES OF THE CDC OFFICE OF SCIENCE COORDINATION AND INNOVATION
    • REPORTING SIDE EFFECTS
    • THE VACCINE ADVERSE EVENT REPORTING SYSTEM (VAERS)
  • TABLE 30 ADVERSE EVENT INFORMATION FROM VAERS
  • TABLE 30 (CONTINUED)
  • TABLE 31 ADVERSE EVENTS WITH VACCINES
  • TABLE 32 COMMON SIDE EFFECTS OF VACCINES
  • TABLE 33 COMPONENTS AND VACCINES THAT INCREASE IGE LEVELS
  • TABLE 34 SIDE EFFECTS OF SOME COMPONENTS OF VACCINES
  • TABLE 34 (CONTINUED)
    • Aluminum
  • TABLE 35 SIDE EFFECTS OF ALUMINUM IN VACCINES
    • VACCINE CONCERNS
      • Thimerosal (Ethylmercury) as an Additive in Vaccines
      • Unsubstantiated Link between MMR Vaccine and Autism
• Chapter 3 - VACCINE TECHNOLOGY REVIEW
  • VACCINE MANUFACTURE - AN OVERVIEW
    • ESSENTIAL COMPONENTS FOR SUCCESSFUL DEVELOPMENT OF A LARGE-SCALE MANUFACTURING PROCESS
    • CELL CULTURE-BASED VACCINE PRODUCTION
      • Advantages of Cell Culture Technologies over Egg-based Manufacturing Methods.
    • REVERSE GENETICS MANUFACTURING
    • GENETIC REASSORTMENT
    • PLANT-BASED VACCINE MANUFACTURING
    • OVERVIEW OF CURRENT GOOD MANUFACTURING PRACTICES (CGMPS)
  • TABLE 36 VACCINE MANUFACTURING PROCESSES AND THEIR IMPERATIVES
  • TABLE 37 TENTATIVE TIMEFRAME OF VACCINE PRODUCTION PROCESS
• VACCINE MEDIA
  • TABLE 38 VACCINE PRODUCTION - CELL CULTURE
    • Madin-Darby Bovine Kidney (MDBK) Media
    • M 3553 - Madin-Darby Bovine Kidney Growth Medium Serum-Free (MDBK-GM-SF)
    • M 0682 Madin-Darby Bovine Kidney Maintenance Medium (MDBK-MM-PF)
    • Madin-Darby Canine Kidney (MDCK) Media
  • TABLE 39 ADVANTAGES OVER TRADITIONAL SERUM SUPPLEMENTED MEDIA
    • M 3803 - Madin-Darby Canine Kidney Medium
    • M 3678 Madin-Darby Canine Kidney Medium
    • Titerhigh Chick Embryo Fibroblast (CEF) Medium
    • Titerhigh Chick Embryo Fibroblast (CEF) Medium
  • VACCINE COMPANION PRODUCTS AND MEDIUM SUPPLEMENTS
    • Antioxidant Supplement (1000x)
    • Cell Freezing Medium-DMSO
    • Dulbecco' s Phosphate Buffered Saline Modified
    • Dulbecco' s Phosphate Buffered Saline (D-PBS)
    • L-Glutamine Solution, 200 Mm
    • Hank' s Balanced Salt Solution Modified
    • Polyamine Supplement (1,000x)
    • Trypsin-EDTA Solution (1x)
    • Trypsin Inhibitor Solution (1x)
  • VACCINE PURIFICATION
    • CHROMATOGRAPHY - VACCINE PURIFICATION
    • PLASMID PURIFICATION
      • Disposable Technologies Enhance Plasmid Purification
  • STEPS FOR CLINICAL STUDIES
  • PRECLINICAL SAFETY TESTING
    • Candidate Vaccines: Preclinical Safety Testing
    • Qualification of Testing Facility: Good Laboratory Practices (GLP)-Capable Facility
      • Protocol Design
        • Protocol ý (Continued)
        • Protocol ý (Continued)
        • Protocol ý (Continued)
    • VACCINE ADJUVANTS
  • TABLE 40 ADVANTAGES OF ADJUVANTS
  • TABLE 41 DEFINITIVE IMPACT OF ADJUVANTS
    • ALUMINIUM ADJUVANTS
  • TABLE 42 VACCINES WITH ALUMINUM ADJUVANTS
  • TABLE 43 ADJUVANT TYPES
    • COLD CHAIN SYSTEMS
      • TEMPERATURE MONITORING
  • FIGURE 2 A TYPICAL COLD CHAIN
  • TABLE 44 EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE ON VACCINES
  • TABLE 45 VACCINE STORAGE GUIDELINES
  • TABLE 46 PREVENTIVE MEASURES TO PREVENT MISHAP
  • TABLE 47 VACCINE INVENTORY CONTROL
    • VACCINE VIAL MONITORS
    • ACTIVE AND PASSIVE COLD CHAIN SYSTEMS
      • Active and Passive Cold ý (Continued)
  • PATENT ANALYSIS
  • TABLE 48 MAJOR U.S. PATENTS ISSUED FOR VACCINES
  • TABLE 48 (CONTINUED)
  • TABLE 48 (CONTINUED)
  • TABLE 48 (CONTINUED)
  • TABLE 48 (CONTINUED)
  • TABLE 48 (CONTINUED)
  • TABLE 48 (CONTINUED)
  • TABLE 48 (CONTINUED)
  • TABLE 48 (CONTINUED)
  • TABLE 48 (CONTINUED)
  • TABLE 48 (CONTINUED)
  • TABLE 48 (CONTINUED)
  • TABLE 48 (CONTINUED)
  • FIGURE 3 U.S. PATENT TREND ANALYSIS: HUMAN AND ANIMAL VACCINE PATENTS, 2003-2007
  • FIGURE 4 EUROPEAN PATENT TREND ANALYSIS: HUMAN AND ANIMAL VACCINE PATENTS, 2003-2007
  • TABLE 49 USPTO - ANIMAL VACCINES, 2007
  • TABLE 49 (CONTINUED)
  • TABLE 50 EUROPEAN PATENTS, 2005-2007
  • TABLE 50 (CONTINUED)
  • TABLE 50 (CONTINUED)
  • TABLE 50 (CONTINUED)
  • TABLE 50 (CONTINUED)
• CLINICAL TRIALS
  • TABLE 51 COUNTRY ATTRACTIVENESS INDEX FOR CLINCIAL TRIALS, 2007
  • TABLE 52 PIPELINE CANDIDATES - VACCINES
• TUBERCULOSIS
  • 1. Study: T Cell Turnover Following Vaccination with MVA85A
  • 2. Study: Phase I Trial of an Ltk63 Adjuvated Tuberculosis Nasal Subunit Vaccine (Ag85b-Esat6) (Tmuva-01)
  • 3. Study: The Effect of Bacille Calmette Guerin (BCG) Vaccinatin on Immune Responses in HIV-Exposed and Unexposed Infants.
  • 3. Study: The Effect of ý (Continued)
  • 4. Study: The Safety and Immunogenicity of a TB Vaccine; MVA85A in Healthy Volunteers Who Are Infected with HIV
  • 5. Study: Screening of Healthy Volunteers for Clinical Trials of Vaccines to Prevent Infectious Diseases.
• HIV
  • 1. Study: Screening HIV-Infected Patients for Vaccine Studies
  • 2. Study: A Study of MVA85A in Asymptomatic Volunteers Infected with TB, HIV, or Both
  • 3. Study: Should Low Birth Weight Infants Be Vaccinated with BCG Vaccine at Birth in Developing Countries?
• CANCER
  • 1. Study: Vaccine Maintenance Treatment for Nonsmall Cell Lung Cancer
  • 2. Study: Cancer Vaccine Study for Unresectable Stage III Nonsmall Cell Lung Cancer
  • 3. Study: Safety, Immunogenicity and Preliminary Efficacy Study of Recombinant Human EGF-Rp64k/Montanide ISA 51 Vaccine for Patients with Nonsmall Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) After Receiving Conventional First Line Chemotherapy.
  • 4. Study: Vaccine Therapy in Treating Patients with Stage III, Stage IV, or Relapsed Nonsmall Cell Lung Cancer Treated with First Line Chemotherapy
  • 5. Study: DNP-Modified Autologous Tumor Cell Vaccine for Resectable Nonsmall Cell Lung Cancer
  • 6. Study: Vaccine Therapy in Treating Patients with Stage IIIB or Stage IV Nonsmall Cell Lung Cancer Who Have Finished First Line Chemotherapy
  • 7. Study: Vaccine Therapy in Treating Patients Who Are Undergoing Surgery for Stage IB, Stage II, or Stage IIIA Nonsmall Cell Lung Cancer
  • 8. Study: Vaccine Therapy in Treating Patients with Advanced Refractory or Recurrent Nonsmall Cell Lung Cancer
  • 9. Study: Vaccine Therapy and GM-CSF in Treating Patients with Acute Myeloid Leukemia, Myelodysplastic Syndromes, Nonsmall Cell Lung Cancer, or Mesothelioma
• RECENT TECHNOLOGICAL BREAKTHROUGHS
  • DNA VACCINES
    • DNA Vaccines (Continued)
    • DNA Vaccines (Continued)
  • Challenge Studies in Primates
  • TABLE 53 NEW AGE VACCINES FOR SPECIFIC DISEASES
    • MARKER VACCINES
      • Minimum Demands to Vaccination
      • Demands on the Companion Discriminatory Test
      • Marker Vaccines in Disease Control
      • Criterion for Use of Marker Vaccines
  • TABLE 54 ADVANTAGES OF THE USE OF MARKER VACCINES
  • TABLE 55 DISADVANTAGES OF THE USE OF MARKER VACCINES
    • Use of Marker Vaccines - Economical Considerations
  • TABLE 56 SIGNIFICANT RESEARCH WORK ON MARKER VACCINES
    • PROTEINS AS VACCINES IN THE FUTURE
• Chapter 4 - REGULATORY OVERVIEW
  • TABLE 57 NATIONAL REGULATORY AUTHORITIES (NRAS) AND NATIONAL CONTROL LABORATORIES (NCLS) IN COUNTRIES PRODUCING VACCINES PREQUALIFIED FOR PURCHASE BY UNITED NATIONS AGENCIES
  • TABLE 57 (CONTINUED)
  • TABLE 57 (CONTINUED)
  • TABLE 58 SOME GUIDELINES AND REQUIREMENTS RELEVANT TO EVALUATION OF VACCINES AND THEIR PUBLISHING AUTHORITIES
  • TABLE 58 (CONTINUED)
  • TABLE 58 (CONTINUED)
  • TABLE 58 (CONTINUED)
    • REGULATIONS GOVERNING HUMAN VACCINES IN THE UNITED STATES
  • FIGURE 5 OVRR - ORGANIZATION CHART
  • FIGURE 6 REGULATORY ISSUES UNDER OVRR' S AMBIT
  • FIGURE 7 STAGES OF REVIEW AND REGULATION
    • CMC DEVELOPMENT
      • CMC Development (Continued)
  • FIGURE 8 CMC DEVELOPMENT PROCESS
    • CURRENT GOOD MANUFACTURING PRACTICES (CGMPS)
    • REGULATION FOR PANDEMIC VACCINES
  • FIGURE 9 FDA ROLE THROUGHOUT PANDEMIC VACCINE DEVELOPMENT, EVALUATION, AND AVAILABILITY
  • TABLE 59 REGULATORY ISSUES IN VACCINE DEVELOPMENT IN THE U.S.
    • REGULATIONS GOVERNING VETERINARY VACCINES IN THE UNITED STATES
    • REGULATIONS GOVERNING VACCINES IN THE EUROPEAN UNION
      • PREPAREDNESS FOR PANDEMICS AND SPEEDING UP REGULATIONS
        • Highlights of European Preparedness for Pandemics or Other Emergencies
        • Highlights of U.S. Preparedness for Pandemics or Other Emergencies
  • OPPORTUNITIES TO OPTIMIZE THE REGULATORY PROCESS FOR VACCINES
  • OPPORTUNITIES TO OPTIMIZEý (CONTINUED)
• Chapter 5 - KEY TRENDS - GROWTH DRIVERS AND INHIBITORS
  • GROWTH DRIVERS
  • "OMICS" TECHNOLOGIES DRIVE THE VACCINE INDUSTRY
  • DEVELOPMENT OF TECHNOLOGIES THROUGHOUT VACCINE VALUE CHAIN
  • GREATER NUMBER OF VACCINES IN THE NEAR FUTURE
  • OFFSHORING AND LICENSING OPPORTUNITIES
• STRATEGIC ENTRY AND CONTRIBUTION OF LOCAL, REGIONAL PLAYERS
  • RECOGNITION OF DISEASE PREVENTION BY KEY INTERNATIONAL STAKEHOLDERS
  • ERADICATION, ELIMINATION, AND RESURGENCE OF DISEASE RELATED TO VACCINATION
  • INCREASE IN PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIPS FUELLING GROWTH OF THE INDUSTRY
  • RECOGNITION OF VACCINE INITIATIVES IN AUXILLIARY SYSTEMS
  • ANIMAL VACCINES STUDIES AID HUMAN VACCINE DEVELOPMENT
  • VACCINATION AS A BETTER ALTERNATIVE TO LIVESTOCK SLAUGHTER
• GROWTH INHIBITORS
  • TECHNICAL BARRIERS
  • REGULATORY BARRIERS
    • PATENT EXPIRY ISSUES
  • COMPLEXITY OF VACCINE DISTRIBUTION
  • GEOGRAPHICAL DIFFERENCES
  • NEED FOR SKILLED PERSONNEL AND/OR TRAINING
  • LACK OF INVOLVEMENT FROM PUBLIC AND LOCAL ADMINISTRATION
  • RELIGIOUS AND CULTURAL BARRIERS TO VACCINATION
  • ECONOMIC BARRIERS: AFFORDABILITY AND PERCEPTIONS OF COST
  • LACK OF AWARENESS AMONG POTENTIAL VACCINEES
    • Lack of Awarenessý (Continued)
• Chapter 6 - VACCINE MARKET
  • SUPPLY SIDE
    • SUPPLY SIDE (CONTINUED)
    • PUBLIC VACCINE SUPPLY
    • VACCINE SHORTAGES
  • TABLE 60 CAUSES OF VACCINE SHORTAGE
  • DEMAND SIDE
    • FIRST ADVANCE MARKET COMMITMENT (AMC) IN FEBRUARY 2007
  • TABLE 61 SAVINGS FROM DISEASE ERADICATION ($ BILLIONS)
    • PUBLIC FUNDING GAP
  • MARKET METRICS
  • TABLE 62 FORECAST FOR GLOBAL VACCINE REVENUE BY MAJOR SEGMENTS THROUGH 2013 ($ MILLIONS)
  • FIGURE 10 ANNUAL SPENDING FOR IMMUNIZATION PROGRAMS IN 72 LOW-INCOME COUNTRIES, 2000-2013 ($ BILLIONS)
  • FIGURE 11 FORECAST FOR GLOBAL VACCINE REVENUES BY MAJOR SEGMENT, 2003-2013 ($ MILLIONS)
  • TABLE 63 FORECAST FOR GLOBAL HUMAN VACCINE REVENUE, THROUGH 2013 ($ MILLIONS)
  • FIGURE 12 HUMAN VACCINES: MARKET POTENTIAL UNTILL 2013
  • TABLE 64 GLOBAL PROJECTIONS FOR MINOR HUMAN VACCINE REVENUE THROUGH 2013 ($ MILLIONS)
  • TABLE 64 (CONTINUED)
  • TABLE 65 PROJECTIONS FOR GLOBAL CANCER VACCINES REVENUE, THROUGH 2013 ($ MILLIONS)
  • FIGURE 13 PROJECTIONS FOR GLOBAL CANCER VACCINES REVENUE, 2003-2013 ($ MILLIONS)
• VETERINARY VACINES
  • FIGURE 14 VETERINARY VACCINES: REGIONAL REVENUE CONTRIBUTION (%)
  • TABLE 66 GLOBAL ANIMAL HEALTH REVENUES, 2006 ($ MILLIONS)
  • FIGURE 15 GLOBAL ANIMAL HEALTH MARKET SHARES, 2006 (%)
• Chapter 7 - INDUSTRY PARTICIPANT PROFILES
  • MANUFACTURERS
    • ACAMBIS
    • BHARAT BIOTECH
  • TABLE 67 RESEARCH GRANTS FOR BHARAT BIOTECH
  • TABLE 68 PRODUCT PORTFOLIO - BHARAT BIOTECH INTERNATIONAL
    • CHOONGANG VACCINE LABORATORY
    • CRUCELL
    • EUROCINE VACCINES AB
    • GLAXOSMITHKLINE
  • TABLE 69 PORTFOLIO OF VACCINES: GLAXOSMITHKLINE
    • GREEN CROSS
    • KOREA VACCINE CO, LTD.
  • TABLE 70 VACCINE PORTFOLIO OF KOREA VACCINE
    • MERCK & CO., INC.
  • TABLE 71 MERCK - VACCINE PORTFOLIO
    • NOVARTIS AG
    • PANACEA BIOTEC, LTD.
  • TABLE 72 PRODUCT PORTFOLIO - PANACEA BIOTEC
    • SANOFI PASTEUR
  • TABLE 73 VACCINE PORTFOLIO: SANOFI PASTEUR
    • SCHERING-PLOUGH CORPORATION
  • TABLE 74 SCHERING-PLOUGH - PORTFOLIO OF LIVESTOCK VACCINES
  • TABLE 74 (CONTINUED)
  • TABLE 74 (CONTINUED)
  • TABLE 74 (CONTINUED)
  • TABLE 74 (CONTINUED)
  • TABLE 74 (CONTINUED)
    • SHANTHA BIOTECHNICS
    • WYETH
  • TABLE 75 PORTFOLIO OF VACCINES: WYETH PHARMACEUTICALS
    • ADDITIONAL MARKET PLAYERS
    • ADVAXIC, INC.
    • AERAS GLOBAL TB VACCINE FOUNDATION, USA
    • AGRILABS, INC.
    • ALPHARMA INC.
    • BAYER ANIMAL HEALTH
    • BENCHMARK BIOLABS, INC.
    • BIMEDA
    • BIOCOR ANIMAL HEALTH
    • BIONICHE ANIMAL HEALTH
    • BIOPURE
    • BORYUNG BIOPHARMA
    • CEVA SANTE ANIMALE
    • COBRA BIOMANUFACTURING, PLC
    • CYTO DYN, INC.
    • DAINIPPON PHARMACEUTICAL CO, LTD.
    • DMS LABS, INC.
    • DURVET, INC. USA
    • ELANCO ANIMAL HEALTH
    • HARTZ
    • HESKA CORPORATION
    • ICHOR MEDICAL SYSTEMS, INC.
    • IDEXX LABORATORIES, INC.
    • IMMUCELL, INC.
    • IVY ANIMAL HEALTH
    • LAH INTERNATIONAL (GERMAN)
    • MALAYSIAN VACCINES AND PHARMACEUTICALS
    • MONSANTO COMPANY
    • MWI VETERINARY SUPPLY CO.
    • NUTRAMAX LABORATORIES, INC.
    • OMAHA VACCINE
    • ROYER BIOMEDICAL, INC.
    • SK CHEMICAL
    • SOLVAY HEALTHCARE
    • SYNBIOTICS CORPORATION
    • VAXINE PTY, LTD.
    • VCA ANTECH
    • VEDCO, INC.
    • VIRBAC SA
    • XCELLEREX CORPORATE HEADQUARTERS
  • NONGOVERNMENT STAKEHOLDERS
    • DEPARTMENT OF IMMUNIZATION, VACCINES, AND BIOLOGICALS (IVB)
      • Initiative for Vaccine Research (IVR)
    • THE HIV VACCINE TRIALS NETWORK
  • TABLE 76 HVTN OPERATIONAL CENTERS
    • PROTECTING THE WORLD FROM EMERGING AND RE-EMERGING DISEASES ASSOCIATED WITH GLOBALIZATION
  • TABLE 77 MAJOR INFECTIOUS DISEASE CATEGORIES AND LEADING SPONSORS
    • GAVI
    • IAVI
    • THE WORLD ORGANIZATION FOR ANIMAL HEALTH (OIE)
    • REGULATORY ORGANIZATIONS CONCERNED WITH VETERINARY VACCINES
      • CENTERS FOR EPIDEMIOLOGY AND ANIMAL HEALTH
      • CENTER FOR VETERINARY BIOLOGICS
      • IFAH-EUROPE
      • INSTITUTE FOR INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION IN ANIMAL BIOLOGICS
      • INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS TEAM
      • NATIONAL VETERINARY SERVICES LABORATORIES
      • NATIONAL VETERINARY SERVICES LABORATORIES
      • UNITED STATES ANIMAL HEALTH ASSOCIATION
      • USDA NATIONAL ANIMAL HEALTH
• Chapter 8 - RECENT INTERNATIONAL MARKET DEVELOPMENTS
  • GSK SEEKS APPROVAL FOR NEW MENINGITIS VACCINE
  • VACCINE FOR KEEPING THE BLOOD PRESSURE UNDER CHECK
  • VACCINE FOR NICOTINE ADDICTION
  • SCIENTISTS REPORT A NEW METHOD TO SPEED BIRD FLU VACCINE PRODUCTION
  • BIODEGRADABLE MICROSPHERES DELIVER TIME RELEASE VACCINES, STIMULATE DIFFERENT IMMUNE RESPONSE
  • NASAL SPRAY FLU VACCINE RECEIVES NOD FOR 2-YEAR-OLDS IN UNITED STATES
  • ONCOPHAGE FAILS TRIALS
  • NEW PRODUCTION FACILITY OF NOVARTIS' - CELL CULTURED-BASED FACILITY FOR INFLUENZA VACCINE PRODUCTION
  • XCELLEREX GETS TWO CONTRACTS TO DEVELOP TECHNOLOGY TO ACCELERATE PROTEIN AND VACCINE MANUFACTURING
  • DISPOSABLE TECHNOLOGIES - A BETTER PROSPECT
  • NEEDLE-FREE TECHNOLOGIES FOR VACCINE DELIVERY
  • FACTORY ZONE FOR ANIMAL VACCINE DEVELOPMENT AND PRODUCTION
  • CERUS CORPORATION AWARDED GRANTS FOR ITS LISTERIA-BASED VACCINE PLATFORMS
  • VACCINE MANUFACTURERS GET FUNDING TO DEVELOP CELL-BASED INFLUENZA VACCINES
  • CRUCELL GRANTED $5 MILLION TO FURTHER DEVELOP TB VACCINE
  • INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS COLLABORATE FOR A MENINGITIS VACCINE
    • THE ROLE OF THE U.S. FDA
    • FUTURE DIRECTIONS
  • EFFICIENT VACCINE MANUFACTURING: TREATMENT FOR MENINGOCOCCAL DISEASE IN AFRICA
  • PORTAL TO OFFER INFORMATION TO COMPILE INFORMATION ON INFECTIOUS DISEASES RESEARCH
  • TABLE 78 STRATEGIC ALLIANCES IN THE VACCINE INDUSTRY
  • TABLE 78 (CONTINUED)
  • TABLE 78 (CONTINUED)
  • TABLE 78 (CONTINUED)
  • TABLE 78 (CONTINUED)
    • TAIWAN - ANIMAL VACCINES INDUSTRY
  • TABLE 79 R&D FOCUS
    • TAIWAN - INVESTING OPPORTUNITIES
      • Strength
      • Weakness
      • Opportunity
      • Threat
    • CHINA
  • BIOTECHNOLOGY AND ITS SISTER TECHNOLOGIES LIGHT UP THE VACCINE FUTURE
  • INDIA
  • EDIBLE VACCINES
    • EDIBLE VACCINES (CONTINUED)