Oncogenomics: The Future of Cancer Care

Table of Contents

Chapter 1. Cancer as a Genetic Disease

• 1.1. The Genetic Basis of Cancer
  • Cancer Epigenetics
• 1.2. Cancer Statistics: Mortality Has Decreased, but the Number of New Cases Is Increasing Cancer Survivor Care
• 1.3. What Are Molecularly Targeted Drugs?
• 1.4. Target Selection versus Patient Selection
• 1.5. The Future of Cancer Care
  • Parallels between Human Immunodeficiency Virus/Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome and Cancer Care
• 1.6. The Diagnostic Potential of Druggable Targets

Chapter 2. Targeted Therapies: Early Success Stories and Promising Candidates

• 2.1. Small Molecule Drugs
  • Gleevec (Imatinib): Approved 2001
  • Iressa (Gefitinib): Approved May 2003
  • Tarceva (Erlotinib): Approved November 2004
  • Promising Small Molecule Drugs in Development
• 2.2. Hypomethylating Agents
  • Azacitidine
  • Decitabine and Zebularine
• 2.3. Immunotherapeutic Intervention: Antibodies and Vaccines
  • Therapeutic Monoclonal Antibodies
  • Rituxan (Rituximab)
  • Herceptin (Trastuzumab)
  • Immunoconjugates
  • Avastin (Bevacizumab)
  • Cancer Vaccines

Chapter 3. Toward Targeted Therapies: Preclinical Discovery Technology

• 3.1. Finding the Cancer Gene: Discovery Technology
  • Comparative Genomic Hybridization (CGH)
  • Array CGH
• 3.2. The Human Genome Project
  • Advances in Sequencing Technology: Digital Karyotyping as an Example
  • Accelerated Drug Discovery
• 3.3. Oncogenomic Diagnostic Testing: Gene Expression Technology
  • Transcription Profiling Technology
  • Oncogenomics Normal Tissue Database
• 3.4. Proteomics and Cancer Care
• 3.5. Preclinical Validation: Screening Cancer Genes

Chapter 4. Patient-Selected Targeted Drugs in the Clinic: Opportunities and Challenges

• 4.1. The Gleevec Paradigm: From Skepticism to Iressa
• 4.2. The Importance of Patient Selection: A Scientific Argument
• 4.3. The Small-Size Advantage of Patient-Selected Trials
• 4.4. How to Design Patient-Selected Clinical Trials
• 4.5. Sample Acquisition as a Major Barrier to Patient-Selected Research
• 4.6. Lessons about Sample Acquisition from Past Attempts to Individualize Cancer Chemotherapy
• 4.7. Patient Selection from the Patient, Physician, and Payer Perspective: Disincentives

Chapter 5. The Business of Oncogenomics: Challenges and Opportunities

• 5.1. Public and Academic Involvement in Translational Research
  • Drug Discovery
• 5.2. The Potential Financial Rewards of a Patient-Selected Tiered Market
  • Expanding Indications for Targeted Drugs
  • Drug Safety
  • The Scientific Counterargument
• 5.3. The Molecular Diagnostics Industry
  • Patient-Selected Molecular Diagnostics

Chapter 6. Expert Interviews

• Charles Brenner, PhD, Dartmouth Medical School; Coeditor (with David Duggan), Oncogenomics: Molecular Approaches to Cancer
• Walter P. Carney, PhD, Oncogene Science (part of Bayer HealthCare)
• Nicholas C. Dracopoli, PhD, Vice President of Clinical Discovery Technology, Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Bristol-Myers Squibb
• Geoffrey Duyk, MD, PhD, Managing Director, Texas Pacific Group Ventures
• Michael L. Salgaller, PhD, Toucan Capital Corporation
• Herman Spolders, PhD, Chief Executive Officer, OncoMethylome Sciences

Chapter 7. Company Profiles

• Abgenix, Inc.
• ArtisOptimus, Inc.
• Dendreon Corporation
• Genomic Health, Inc.
• ImClone Systems, Inc.
• Medarex, Inc.
• OncoMethylome Sciences, Inc.
• Onyx Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
• OSI Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
• Spectral Genomics, Inc.
• Vivo Biosciences, Inc.

Notes

Index