Cytokine Therapies and Inhibitors: A Vibrant Pipeline and Active Approved Market

Table of Contents

CHAPTER 1

BACKGROUND AND SCIENTIFIC OVERVIEW: CYTOKINES ARE INTRACELLULAR MESSENGERS THAT REGULATE THE IMMUNE SYSTEM

• 1.1. What Are Cytokines?
  • [SIDEBAR]
  • The Immune System
• 1.2. Classification of Cytokines
  • Interleukins
  • Interferons
  • Tumor Necrosis Factors
  • Transforming Growth Factor-beta
  • Colony-Stimulating Factors
  • Chemokines

CHAPTER 2

CYTOKINE THERAPEUTICS: ADMINISTERING CYTOKINES AS DRUGS

• 2.1. Interleukins
  • Interleukin-1
  • Aldesleukin
  • Denileukin Diftitox
  • BAY 50-4798
  • Multikine
  • IRX-2/IRX-3/IRX-4/IRX-5/IRX-6
  • EMD 273063/EMD 273066
  • TG 4010/TG 4001
  • IL-2 XL
  • IL-2/EP
  • Liposomal IL-2
  • Sangamo BioSciences' Technology
  • Others
  • Interleukin-3
  • Interleukin-4
  • PRX321
  • Interleukin-6
  • Interleukin-7
  • IL-7
  • Interleukin-10
  • Interleukin-11
  • Oprelvekin
  • PEGylated IL-11
  • Interleukin-12
  • EGEN-001
  • AS1409
  • TDS/IL-12
  • CYT-41000
  • Interleukin-13
  • Cintredekin Besudotox
  • Uvidem/Collidem
  • Glioblast-13
  • Interleukin-18
  • Iboctadekin
  • IL-18 Plasmids
  • Interleukin-21
  • IL-21
  • Interleukin-29
  • IL-29
• 2.2. Interferons
  • Interferon a
  • Intron A/Rebetron/PEG-Intron
  • Roferon-A/Pegasys
  • Infergen
  • Alferon N/Alferon LDO
  • Multiferon
  • Albuferon
  • Oral IFN-a
  • Topical IFN-a
  • IFN-a-2b XL
  • HCV-I.E.T
  • Locteron/BLX-883
  • Oroferone
  • Maxy-alpha
  • Neoferon
  • Belerofon
  • Ambrx' s Enhanced Pegylated IFN-a
  • Ultra Interferons
  • PEGylated IFN-a
  • Interferon beta
  • Betaferon/Betaseron
  • Avonex
  • Rebif
  • MS-I.E.T.
  • IFN-beta- Fc
  • TDS/IFN-beta
  • Others
  • Interferon
  • Actimmune
  • TG 1042 (Ad-IFN gamma)
  • Others
  • Other Interferons
  • Tauferon
  • IFN-omega
• 2.3. Tumor Necrosis Factors
  • TNF-a
  • Aurimune (CYT-6091)/AuriTol (CYT-21001)
  • OncoVEXTNF-a
  • TRAIL
  • Rh-Apo2L
  • Apo2L/TRAIL (AMG 951)
  • HGS-ETR1/HGS-ETR2/HGS-TR2J
  • AMG 655
  • 4-1BBL
  • BMS-663513
  • GTC Biotherapeutics' Compound
• 2.4. Hematopoietic Growth Factors
  • Erythropoietin
  • Epoetin a/Aranesp
  • Epoetin beta/CERA
  • Epoetin delta
  • Hematide
  • FG-2216/FG-4592
  • GlycoPEG-EPO
  • EPO-Fc
  • PT-401
  • MOD-701
  • Albupoietin
  • Repoxygen
  • Tissue-Protective Cytokines
  • Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor
  • Filgrastim /Pegfilgrastim
  • Lenograstim
  • Nartograstim
  • Telintra
  • AX200
  • Maxy-G34
  • GlycoPEG-GCSF
  • Others
  • Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor
  • Sargramostim
  • Molgramostim
  • Leucotropin
  • CTCE-0214/CTCE-0324
  • Sangamo BioSciences' Technology
  • Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor
  • Mirimostim
  • Stem Cell Factor
  • Ancestim
  • Thrombopoietin
  • AMG 531
  • Eltrombopag
  • Thromboplus
  • c-Mpl Minibody Agonists
• 2.5. Chemokines
  • CXCR4

CHAPTER 3

CYTOKINE INHIBITORS: DRUGS THAT BLOCK CYTOKINE ACTIVITY

• 3.1. Interleukin Inhibitors
  • Interleukin-1
  • Anakinra
  • IL-1 Trap
  • AMG 108
  • ACZ885
  • Interleukin-2
  • Daclizumab
  • Basiliximab
  • MT204
  • Interleukin-4 and -13
  • Aerovant/Aeroderm/Aerolast
  • AMG 317
  • CAT-354
  • TNX-650
  • ISIS 369645
  • DOM1000P/DOM0910
  • Zenyth Therapeutics/Merck' s Compounds
  • Sirna Therapeutics/GlaxoSmithKline' s Compounds
  • Targepeutics' Compounds
  • Interleukin-5
  • Mepolizumab
  • BIW-8405
  • YM-90709
  • Interleukin-6
  • Tocilizumab
  • C326
  • Interleukin-9
  • MEDI-528
  • Interleukin-12 and -23
  • CNTO 1275
  • ABT-874
  • STA-5326
  • Anti-IL-23 Aptimers
  • Interleukin-15
  • AMG 714
  • CRB-15
  • Other Interleukins
  • Centocor Research
  • ZymoGenetics/Serono/Novo Nordisk Research
• 3.2. Interferon Inhibitors
  • Interferon a
  • MEDI-545/MEDI-546
  • Interferon gamma
  • HuZAF
  • Advanced Biotherapies' Anti-IFN-gamma Antibodies
• 3.3. Tumor Necrosis Factor Inhibitors
  • TNF-a
  • Etanercept
  • Infliximab
  • Adalimumab
  • Certolizumab Pegol
  • CNTO 148
  • CytoFab
  • CC-10004
  • ALS-00T2
  • tgAAC94
  • XPro 1595
  • MP8
  • DOM0200/DOM0100
  • Ablynx' s Nanobodies
  • Nastech Pharmaceutical' s Compounds
  • Devgen' s Compounds
  • Lymphotoxin-beta
  • Biogen Idec' s Compounds
  • BLyS
  • Belimumab
  • Atacicept
  • AMG 623
  • BR3-Fc
  • Xencor' s Compound
  • RANKL
  • Denosumab
  • PX 107
  • Others
  • CD40L
  • SGN-40
  • CHIR 12.12
  • Biogen Idec/UCB' s Compound
  • CD30L
  • MDX-060
  • SGN-30/SGN-35
  • XmAb 2513
  • LIGHT
  • CoGenesys' s Compound
  • TWEAK
  • Biogen Idec' s Research
• 3.4. Transforming Growth Factor-beta Inhibitors
  • AP 12009/AP 11014
  • GC-1008
  • Anti-TGF-beta2 Aptimers
  • TGF-beta Receptor Inhibitors
  • 3.5. Colony-Stimulating Factor Inhibitors
  • G-CSF
  • Zenyth Therapeutics/MuriGen Therapeutics' Compounds
  • GM-CSF
  • KM002
  • CAM-3001
  • MT203
• 3.6. Chemokine Antagonists
  • CCR1
  • MLN3897, MLN3701
  • PS375179
  • ChemoCentryx' s Compounds
  • CCR2
  • MLN1202
  • INCB3284/INCB8696
  • ABN912
  • CCX915
  • Telik' s Compound
  • CCR3
  • CCR5
  • Maraviroc
  • Vicriviroc
  • PRO 140
  • INCB9471/INCB15050
  • HGS004/HGS101
  • Sangamo BioSciences' Technology
  • Others
  • CCR9
  • Traficet-EN
  • CXCR1/ CXCR2
  • PS291822
  • 656933
  • PAC-G31P
  • Others
  • CXCR3
  • MDX-1100
  • AMG 487
  • CoGenesys' s Compound
  • CXCR4
  • Mozobil
  • AMD070
  • CTCE-9908
  • ChemoCentryx' s Compounds
  • Others
  • CXCR6
  • CoGenesys' s Compound
  • MIF
  • HMGB
  • MedImmune/Critical Therapeutics' Compounds

CHAPTER 4

BUSINESS AND STRATEGIC OUTLOOK: MARKET POTENTIAL FOR CYTOKINE THERAPEUTICS

• 4.1. The Market for Cytokine-Based Drugs
• 4.2. Selected Markets
  • Cancer and Cytopenias
  • Cancer
  • Anemia
  • Neutropenia
  • Thrombocytopenia
  • Immune and Inflammatory Diseases
  • Rheumatoid Arthritis
  • Crohn' s Disease
  • Psoriasis
  • Lupus
  • Multiple Sclerosis
  • Asthma
  • Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
  • Infectious Diseases
  • HIV
  • Hepatitis C Virus

REFERENCES

GLOSSARY

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