Structural Proteomics: High-Throughput
Approaches Fuel Drug Discovery and
Development
Structural proteomics\determining the three-dimensional structures of
large numbers of proteins\has emerged as one of the most immediate-ly
applicable tools for drug discovery and development. The field has
expanded rapidly and now offers new tools and data to improve and
accelerate the selection of drug leads and to allow quick identification of
the most valuable drug targets from genomics. These tools include pro-tein
function prediction, advanced docking tools, biased libraries, site-directed
nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), and high-throughput struc-ture
determination. Based on interviews with 14 expert Editorial Advisory
Board members and other thought leaders, as well as hundreds of hours
of research, this report provides comprehensive coverage of companies'
structural-proteomics-related activities, profiles key competitors, and
highlights scientific and business hurdles as well as opportunities. It also
contains proprietary data from CHI's Drug Discovery and Development
Deals and Emerging Companies databases.
Bioinformatics: Getting Results in the Era of
High-Throughput Genomics
Bioinformatics will be one of the keys to success for companies applying
genomic tools to drug discovery and development. Demand for greater
flexibility, better integration, and higher-value analytical tools is increas-ing.
As a result, a growing number of companies are competing in this
field, with a wider range of offerings and business models. During this, the
"functional" and "high-throughput" phase of genomics, having top-level
software products is simply not enough. The most promising contenders
offer not just excellent applications but also access to databases and/or
consulting services. This report describes the current and emerging roles
of bioinformatics in genomics-based drug discovery and development, the
leading tools and those under development, and the strategies that com-panies
are pursuing to meet future demands. More than 80 companies
and their technologies are discussed, and over 40 are profiled in depth.
Proprietary data from CHI's Drug Discovery and Development Deals
Database are referenced for analysis of dealmaking trends. The report
also includes strategic insight from our Editorial Advisory Board, compris-ing
ten leading experts in this field.
Microarrays and Related Technologies:
Miniaturization and Acceleration of Genomic
Research
Industry leaders agree that DNA arrays are a key to realizing the thera-peutic
potential of genomic data. Given the promise of these technolo-gies,
the DNA array market is poised to reach $1.2 billion by 2006. While
pioneering companies like Affymetrix offer high-quality product lines, com-panies
with creative technologies\such as Nanogen and Gene Logic\
are making gains by offering flexible products for specialized applications
such as target validation, single nucleotide polymorphism analysis, diag-nostics,
and high-throughput screening. In addition, emerging technolo-gies
such as protein chips and bead-based arrays promise to extend the
range and potential of hybridization arrays. This report evaluates the
forces driving demand for DNA arrays and comprehensively reviews the
state of this technology area. It also addresses business and technical
challenges and provides a market forecast through 2006. Additionally, it
discusses trends in DNA-related dealmaking, based on information from
CHI's Drug Discovery and Development Deals Database. Also provided
are commentaries from nine industry experts, 24 in-depth company pro-files,
and more than 60 brief profiles.
Pharmacogenomics: Finding the Competitive
Edge in Genetic Variation
In this conference-based report, 16 leading experts from companies such
as Covance, CuraGen, Genset, GlaxoSmithKline, Pharmacia, and Roche
Bioscience discuss strategies that can help companies use genetic varia-tion
data to gain a competitive edge in research, development, and mar-keting.
Among the topics covered are the impact of pharmacogenomics
on the various stages of drug development, near- and long-term compa-ny
strategies and how they relate to the likely course of pharmacoge-nomicsf
adoption in the industry, third-party genetic banking, how the
genomics revolution will affect FDA regulation, and sales and marketing
implications of pharmacogenomics. Also included is a case study of a
pharmacogenomics alliance.
Target Identification and Validation: Key
Approaches for Improving the Efficiency and
Profitability of Drug Discovery and
Development
Target validation, experts agree, is pivotal to the survival of pharmaceuti-cal
and biotechnology companies seeking to pump up pipelines and
improve efficiency through genomics. This report discusses the reasons
that target validation has become critical to genomics-based drug discov-ery
and development, and approaches that are being used to accelerate
this process and increase its efficiency. Technologies are discussed under
three major sections: target screening, target identification, and target val-idation.
The report explains how these categories differ and overlap. It
also includes extensive commentary by 20 leading experts in the field.
More than 80 companies are mentioned, and the following companies are
among those discussed in depth: Atugen, Aurora Biosciences, Cellomics,
CIStem Molecular, Deltagen, DeveloGen, Gemini Genomics, Genset,
Hybrigenics, Immusol, Isis Pharmaceuticals, Lexicon Genetics,
Millennium Pharmaceuticals, MorphoSys, Myriad Genetics, NeoGenesis,
Rigel, Rosetta Inpharmatics, Sequitur, and Xerion Pharmaceuticals. In
addition, the report covers the business aspects of target validation, such
as how the value of a target is determined and what business strategies
companies are pursuing. Data from CHI's Drug Discovery and
Development Deals Database are included, with analysis of dealmaking
trends.
Transforming the Pharmaceutical Industry:
Adapting to Changes in Technology and
Markets
The business environment in the pharmaceutical industry is changing so
fast that the Darwinian concept of gadapt or dieh is on the mind of every
senior executive. New technologies have increased the complexity of
pharmaceutical research, regulatory policy shifts and an ever-shrinking
period of exclusivity threaten profitability, and pharmacogenomics and
personalized medicine may turn the old market structure on its head. How
do pharma companies plan for this uncertainty? This conference-based
report highlights the main areas where corporate transformation can meet
the demands of a shifting competitive landscape and presents specific
strategies that companies are using to address these demands, including
benchmarking performance, recognizing competitive advantage through
effective acquisition integration, gfail fasth policies that enable companies
to eliminate problematic compounds before they are promoted to expen-sive
clinical trials, and application of pharmacogenomic approaches.
Commercialization of Genomics
The Human Genome Project began with many uncertainties and critics
voicing concern that a "big science" approach would drain funds from
basic research. Today, few contest the enormous gains, both in research
and industry, that have been provided by this effort. This conference-based
report addresses the commercial implications of genomic discovery,
including the impact of patenting, the availability of large public and private
SNP databases, third-party genetic banking, the emergence of novel yet
powerful techniques such as chemical genomics, the integration of genom-ic
technologies into pharmaceutical research and development, and the
revolution in health care that will come about by bringing genomic tech-nologies
to the consumer. While human genome discovery has prompted
a flurry of commercial activity, it has also provided a model and impetus for
future large-scale efforts, including a possible Human Proteome Project.
Commercial Implications of
Advances in the Identification, Mapping, and
Application of Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms
Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are one of the fastest-growing
areas of genomic research. This field has advanced much more rapidly
than ever anticipated, and extensive progress has been made in mapping
SNPs both in the public (The SNP Consortium) and private arenas. Also,
throughput capacity is rapidly increasing in this field. Now, the focus is
shifting to validating SNPs and to using SNP data to identify novel disease
targets. This report provides in-depth coverage of more than 30 companies
that are offering advanced technologies for SNP discovery and detection.
These companies include Affymetrix (Perlegen), Amersham Pharmacia
Biotech, Applied Biosystems, GlaxoSmithKline, Illumina, Luminex, Lynx
Therapeutics, Molecular Devices, Nanogen, Third Wave Technologies,
Orchid BioSciences, Qiagen, Sequenom, and Variagenics. It also discuss-es
important business and technical trends. Notably, demand for genotyp-ing
tools is set to increase as a growing number of companies begin inte-grating
SNP data collection into drug and diagnostic discovery.
Commentaries or direct quotes are included from over 10 leading experts
in the field.
Breaking the Bottlenecks:
Applying Genomics Throughout Drug Discovery
and Development
Although approaches for analyzing and exploiting vast amounts of genom-ic
data promise to improve and accelerate the drug discovery development
process, major bottlenecks remain at every step in this process, from tar-get
identification and validation, to lead discovery and optimization, to pre-clinical
testing, to clinical development. This report examines where the
bottlenecks are, what companies and technologies are addressing these
inefficiencies, and what future breakthroughs are needed. It includes case
studies of major companies (e.g., Bayer, CuraGen, Millennium, Novartis,
Vertex Pharmaceuticals) and their efforts to break through bottlenecks,
examines major business models, and maps the milestones needed to be
achieved for success. Also examined are business and dealmaking trends
as revealed through an analysis of data from Cambridge Healthtech
Institutefs proprietary Drug Discovery and Development Deals Database.
The activities of more than 80 companies are reviewed, and insights from
more than 20 industry experts are included.
High-Throughput Genomics
Genomic studies are now approaching "industrial" speed and scale,
thanks to advances in gene sequencing and the increasing availability of
high-throughput methods for studying genes, the proteins they encode,
and the pathways in which they are involved. Researchers can now
acquire data on many genes at once, either sequentially or in parallel. It is
also possible to expand the range of genomic effects being examined. The
abundance of new data and the availability of tools for analyzing them
means that more targets are routinely being identified now than at any time
in the past. However, better methods of analyzing large amounts of data
are required. This report reviews leading companies and their high-throughput
technologies in the following areas: gene sequencing, geno-typing,
gene expression monitoring, gene functional studies, proteomics,
and genomic target identification and validation. More than a dozen
experts provide commentaries and over 30 companies are discussed in
depth in this comprehensive survey of the field.
DNA Microarray Informatics: Key Technological
Trends and Commercial Opportunities
This report is ideal for those seeking to maximize results from DNA
microarray studies, or for anyone who must understand the key trends and
technologies shaping this market. The report focuses on the data
researchers get from these powerful instruments, the best approaches to
analyzing and managing these data, and the challenge of designing exper-iments
that yield statistically defensible results. The report describes lead-ing
commercial and academic software, as well as emerging breakthrough
techniques. Topics include normalization, filtering, clustering, and other
pattern discovery methods, biological interpretation of patterns, statistical
issues pertaining to data analysis and experimental design, custom chip
design (including the use of genomic sequence data to design custom
oligo chips), and image analysis. The report also discusses databases for
storing microarray results and efforts to devise standards for microarray
data and databases. More than 15 leading experts in the field will be inter-viewed
for the report, which will contain information about more than 40
products, over a dozen of which will be described in detail.
November 2001, approximately 100 pages.
Profiting from Proteomics: High-Throughput
Expression, Functional Proteomics, Protein
Chips, and Protein Informatics
This report covers the key areas in proteomics today, including new
approaches to protein expression, evolving methods of studying protein
function, new technologies such as protein chips, and advances in protein
informatics. Over 60 companies are discussed (with contact information
included), and more than 15 technologies are examined in depth. Direct
quotes, interviews, or commentaries from more than a dozen experts in
this field are included. The emphasis of the report is on how researchers
are applying new proteomic approaches to drug discovery and develop-ment,
and how these technologies can be employed most effectively and
in a high-throughput capacity. The business models of leaders in pro-teomics-
related dealmaking are covered, and these companiesf deals are
listed. In addition, case studies of particular applications of proteomic
technology to specific disease-related research are provided, and future
trends and developments are forecast.
Predictive Pharmacogenomics: Revolutionizing
Health Care Through New Diagnostic
Approaches and Patient-Tailored Treatments
This report comprehensively examines the emerging technologies under-lying
predictive pharmacogenomics and personalized medicine, the lead-ing
companies applying these technologies, and the impact predictive
pharmacogenomics will have on medicine and pharmaceutical markets.
The report is based on interviews with more than 20 experts, who helped
shape the focus of this study. More than 30 companies and their tech-nologies
are discussed in detail, and contact information and areas of spe-cialization
are supplied for more than 80 companies overall. Case studies
of the impact of pharmacogenomic technologies on sales of specific drugs
and diagnostics are presented, and we discuss the business and scientif-ic
issues shaping this field and how this area is most likely to evolve.
Companies discussed in detail include Celera Genomics, diaDexus,
DNAPrint, deCODE Genetics, Gemini Genomics, Genaissance
Pharmaceuticals, Gene Logic, Genentech, Genome Therapeutics,
Genomica, Genset, Golden Helix, GlaxoSmithKline, Genzyme Genetics,
Incyte Genomics, Millennium Pharmaceuticals, Myriad Genetics, Novartis,
Oxagen, Quintiles, and Variagenics.
REPORT ARCHIVE
Genomic-Scale Gene Expression Analysis:
Advancing from DNA to Disease
In an era when vast amounts of information on all human genetic material
are becoming available, the "one-gene-at-a-time" approach to analyzing
gene expression is wholly inadequate. Not only would such an approach
be inefficient, it would not sufficiently illuminate patterns of gene expres-sion.
Therefore, the current challenge is to develop/optimize methods for
monitoring thousands of gene products simultaneously\that is, methods
of multiplex gene expression analysis. This report reviews current and
emerging technologies for gene expression analysis and discusses the
activities of key companies in this field, profiling 20 of them in-depth. It also
includes expert commentaries, covers key applications, and discusses the
outlook for the field.
Genomic Deals Review: January 1999-March
2000
Almost 400 genomic deals were announced in 1999, with activity increas-ing
steadily from quarter to quarter. This report, based on CHI's extensive
Drug Discovery and Development Deals Database, reviews the activity of
major dealmakers\such as Affymetrix, Aurora Biosciences, and Incyte
Genomics\and examines key trends in 1999 (e.g., deal participation by
geographic region, activity by large pharmaceutical companies versus
smaller firms, types of deals, and types of technologies). For example, our
analysis of database findings reveals that the technologies most often
involved in 1999 deals were bioinformatics, gene expression monitoring,
and functional genomics. The report also reviews first-quarter 2000 activi-ty
and trends. Nearly 150 companies are mentioned in reference to deals,
and the 14 most active companies are profiled.
Functional Genomics: Applying High-Throughput
and Systemwide Approaches
As the map of the human genome approaches completion, drug compa-nies
face increasing pressure to stake their claims on those genes whose
products will be the most valuable drug targets. Deft use of functional
genomics\particularly high-throughput and systemwide methods of gene
function analysis\will provide a key advantage in this race. As a result,
there has been a tremendous explosion in interest in functional genomics.
In this report, we mention the activities of more than 100 companies and
review the major issues impacting this field, the most significant scientific
advances, and the leading companies and their approaches. Eleven indus-try
experts provide insights about key applications in functional genomics,
as well as future directions of the field, and 19 company profiles are also
provided.
Impact of Genomics on Cancer Diagnosis,
Therapeutics, and Pharmacogenomics
Since the discovery of oncogenes and, more recently, of tumor-suppressor
genes, cancer has become one of the main targets of genomics-based
drug discovery. The explosion of information generated by large-scale
genomics-related technologies has resulted in an exponential increase in
the number of genes and proteins available for pharmaceutical and diag-nostic
research and development, leading to a dramatic increase in the
number of anticancer drugs undergoing clinical development. In this
report, we briefly review the current understanding of the molecular genet-ics
of cancer. We then provide detailed information on the current activity
in developing drugs and diagnostic tests based on genomic research. The
report also includes market projections for selected genomics- and genet-ic-
based anticancer agents and discusses the prospects for genomics-derived
cancer management as described by participants in CHI's exclu-sive
survey of 500 U.S. oncologists. Sixteen leading experts were inter-viewed
for the report, which contains 17 company profiles as well as a list
of leading cancer centers and cancer researchers.
Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms: Commercial
and Scientific Prospects
Researchers are racing to identify the estimated 3 million to 30 million
human single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and thereby generate
optimal drug targets. These markers of human variation have already pro-vided
key information about diseases such as sickle-cell anemia, cystic
fibrosis, Down's syndrome, Tay-Sachs disease, Alzheimer's disease, and
colon cancer. The markets for smarter, SNP\related drug discovery
approaches\and the products stemming from them-have multimillion-dol-lar
potential. This report contains 27 company profiles and input from 10
leading experts in the field.
Proteomics: A Key Enabling Tool for Genomics?
More than 50 companies are providing services, tools, or supplies for pro-teomics
(the study of protein expression and function) or applying this new
approach to discover and develop drugs and diagnostics. This report high-lights
recent advances in protein expression and mapping and describes
new frontiers such as protein chips and protein-complex studies. We pro-file
23 market leaders and emerging competitors offering innovative
approaches, and we describe potential breakthroughs and market oppor-tunities
on the horizon. Fourteen leading industry experts provide insights
and opinions regarding the current technologies, how proteomics will
evolve, and the applications for which proteomics is likely to be the most
fruitful.
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