Content Exchange and Piracy

1. The Internet and the era of circumvention

2. Content piracy: the value chain

3. Acquiring and processing content

• 3.1. Acquiring content
  • 3.1.1. Physical media
    • Case study: the Warez community
  • 3.1.2. "Live" sources
    • Case study: Total Recorder
• 3.2. Modifying content
  • 3.2.1. Re-encoding content
  • 3.2.2. Subtitling audiovisual programmes

4. Illegal content exchange and distribution platforms

• 4.1. Decentralised content storage: public P2P exchanges
  • 4.1.1. Main P2P networks
    • Case study: BitTorrent
  • 4.1.2. Innovation on P2P networks
    • Protecting P2 exchanges
    • Streaming P2P for redirecting TV channel feeds
• 4.2. Decentralised content storage: private P2P exchanges
  • 4.2.1. Closed exchange networks
    • Establishing a private virtual network between users
    • Case study: Hamachi
    • Establishing a permanent closed network
    • Case study: Tribal Web
  • 4.2.2. Exchanges via instant messaging
    • Case study: Pando
• 4.3. Hosted content exchange
  • 4.3.1. Newsgroups (Usenet)
  • 4.3.2. Video sharing platforms
  • 4.3.3. Stock&Share sites
    • Case study: RapidShare
• 4.4. Illegal content web referencing
  • 4.4.1. Blogs and links sites
  • 4.4.2. Forums
  • 4.4.3. Groups
  • 4.4.4. Search engines for Stock&Share sites
  • 4.4.5. Referencing of Torrent links
  • 4.4.6. Directories for streaming programmes online

5. Measuring components

• P2P exchanges continue to grow.....
• .....to the benefit of BitTorrent in particular
• Stock&Share sites are growing at a rapid rate
• Newsgroups are still largely restricted to experienced users.....
• .....but users of newsgroups are using them increasingly for exchanging content
• The number of private exchanges is also massive.....
• .....and physical media continue to play an important role

6. Countering illegal content exchange

• 6.1. Clarifying the legal issues
  • 6.1.1. International treaties
    • WIPO treaties (World Intellectual Property Organization)
    • The Digital Millennium Copyright Act (DMCA)
    • The European Union Copyright Directive (EUCD)
  • 6.1.2. The French DADVSI Law (Copyright and related rights in the information society)
• 6.2. Technical responses
  • 6.2.1. Marking and identifying content
    • Watermarking
    • Fingerprinting
  • 6.2.2. Protection of physical media
    • CDs
    • DVDs
    • The analogue hole
• 6.3. Where is DRM now?
  • Gradual abandonment of DRM in the music world
  • DRM, hostilities in video gaming
  • Audiovisual world: technical tools for advertising
• 6.4. Conclusion
  • Shifts in the value chain: towards a user centric model
  • A variety of offers on an assortment of devices
  • Innovative business models must prove viable
  • Transfer of added-value to services

• Table 1: Main P2P networks and associated client-server software
• Table 2: Overview of services for redirecting feeds from TV channels
• Table 3: Features overview
• Table 4: Hamachi' s tariffs
• Table 5: Features overview
• Table 6: Usenetserver tariffs (depending on commitment)
• Table 7: RapidShare Features overview
• Table 8: RapidShare technical features, for both business models (data as at 11/07/2007)
• Table 9: RapidShare download-links locations
• Table 10: RapidShare Search process
• Table 11: Share of Internet homes using at least one P2P application in the previous three months
• Table 12: The top 100 binaries Usenet groups according to daily unique access - 20 November 2007

• Figure 1: Piracy value chain
• Figure 2: Typology of the main platforms used for hosting and exchanging illegal content
• Figure 3: Sending attachments using the standard version
• Figure 4: Rise in download requests on MiniNova
• Figure 5: Changes in the number of visits to mininova.org sites
• Figure 6: Changes in the number of visits to the rapidshare.com and megaupload.com sites over a 12-month period (percent of daily pageviews)
• Figure 7: Changes in the number of visits to the rslinks.org site over a 12-month period (percent of dailypageviews)
• Figure 8: Daily traffic on Usenet servers (Gigabytes).
• Figure 9: Changes in the number of posts per quarter for the top 2 500 "alt.binaries" newsgroups
• Figure 10: Medialive' s solution
• Figure 11: INA Signature solution: operating mode
• Figure 12: Move Networks solution for distributing content in catch up TV mode