Table of Contents
1.Introducing the World Market for Neurodegenerative Disorders
2. Neurodegenerative Disorders
- 2.1 Introduction to Neurodegenerative Disorders
- 2.2 What the Global Market for Neurodegenerative Disorders tells us
- 2.3 Focus of the report
3. Parkinsons Disease
- 3.1 Parkinsons Disease Overview
- 3.2 Symptoms and Differential Diagnosis
- 3.2.1 Tremors
- 3.2.2 Bradykinesia
- 3.2.3 Diagnosis
- 3.3 What are the Risk Factors?
- 3.3.1 Age
- 3.3.2 A possible genetic basis to PD
- 3.3.3 Men are more likely to develop PD
- 3.3.4 Pesticides and Herbicides influence PD Development
- 3.3.5 Reduced Oestrogen Levels Increase the Risk of PD
- 3.3.6 Reduced Folate Levels Associated with PD
- 3.4 Demographics of PD
- 3.5 Financial Burden of PD
- 3.6 Pathophysiology of PD
- 3.7 The Market Profile of PD
- 3.8 Current Pharmaceutical Therapies of PD
- 3.9 Dopamine Precursers as the Standard Treatments for PD
- 3.9.1 Sinemet (Co-careldopa)
- 3.9.2 Madopar (Co-benelopa)
- 3.9.3 Carbidopa and Benserazide
- 3.10 Dopamine Agonists as Treatments for PD
- 3.10.1 Ergot-Alkaloid-Based Agents
- 3.10.2 Parlodel (Bromocriptine)
- 3.10.3 Dopergine (lisuride) is Superior to Parlodel
- 3.10.4 Permax (pergolide)
- 3.11 Apomorphine as Additional Relief for PD Sufferers
- 3.11.1 Requip (Ropinirole)
- 3.11.2 Sifrol/Mirapexin (Pramipexole) is the Most Successful Drug in PD
- 3.12 N-Methyl-D-Asparate Receptor Antagonists (NMDA)
- 3.13 Symmetrel (Amantadine)
- 3.14 AMPA alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid Receptor Antagonist
- 3.15 COMT (cateh-o-methyl-transferase)
- 3.15.1 Tasmar (Tolcapone) as an Adjunct Therapy
- 3.15.2 Comptess (Entacaopne)to Aid PD Treatment
- 3.16 Dopamine and COMT Combined
- 3.16.1 Stalevo (Careldopa)
- 3.17 Anticholinergics (Antimuscarnic drugs)
- 3.17.1 Congentin (benzatropine mesilate)
- 3.17.2 Artane (Trihexyphenidyl) to Control Common Symptoms
- 3.18 Antihistamines and Antidepressants can Aid PD Symptoms
- 3.19 Monoamine Oxidase B Inhibitors
- 3.20 The World Market for PD Drugs will Show Significant Growth to 2009
- 3.21 Dopamine Agonists Dominate the PD Drug Treatment Market
- 3.22 Sifrol is Leading Drug Treatment of PD
- 3.23 Current Surgical Therapy will not Become a Popular Treatment of PD
- 3.23.1 Thalamotomy only used to Reduce Tremors
- 3.23.2 Pallidotomy is Becoming a More Popular Treatment for PD
- 3.23.3 Deep Brain Stimulation aids in Tremor Reduction
- 3.24 Emerging Therapies for PD Small Molecule Drugs
- 3.24.2 Gene Therapy as a new Treatment Therapy
- 3.24.3 Rasagiline
- 3.24.4 Azilect
- 3.25 Other New Drugs in Development
- 3.25.1 The Process of Apoptosis in PD
- 3.25.2 Pig Neuron Implantations as New Treatments for PD
- 3.25.3 A Nerve Growth May Have a Role in PD Treatment
- 3.25.4 The Implantation of Dopamine Producing Cells as a Novel Therapy in PD
- 3.25.5 GDNF Gene Therapy as a New Treatment Therapy
4. Alzheimers Disease
- 4.1 Introduction
- 4.2 Symptoms and Differential Diagnosis
- 4.3 The Risk Factors for AD
- 4.4 The Demographics for AD
- 4.5 The Financial Burden of AD
- 4.6 Type of Protein as a Cause for AD
- 4.6.1 Neuronal and Synaptic Loss of AD
- 4.6.2 Chromosomal Mutations of AD
- 4.6.3 Inflammation of AD
- 4.7 Current AD Pharmaceutical Drug Therapies
- 4.7.1 What is the AD market telling us?
- 4.8 Acetylcholinesterase - DHow do you Treat Mild to Moderate AD?
- 4.8.1 Cognex (Tacrine)
- 4.8.2 Aricept (Donepezil) - The Leading Choice for AD
- 4.8.3 Reminyl (Galantamine) is a Minor Treatment for AD
- 4.9 The Drug Treatment for Moderate to Severe AD
- 4.10 Non Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs
- 4.11 The Market for AD Drugs Will See High Growth Rates
- 4.11.1 A Dramatic Climb for the AD Drug Market
- 4.11.2 Market Will Show Hi Growth to 2009
- 4.11.3 Aricept has High Sales Growth
- 4.11.4 Leading Cholinesterase Inhibitors in the AD Market
- 4.12 Emerging Therapies for AD
- 4.12.1 Vitamin E (Antioxidants) for AD
- 4.12.2 OTC Ginko Biloba May Slow AD Symptoms
- 4.12.3 HRT May Protect Against AD
- 4.12.4 Nicotine Replacement Therpay as a Potential Treatment for AD
- 4.13 Future Therapies for AD Will Not Overrule Conventional Drug Therapies
- 4.14 The Future Market for AD
- 4.15 Pipeline Drugs for AD
- 4.15.1 PBT-1 (Coloquinol)
- 4.15.2 Alzhemed
- 4.15.3 Phenserine
- 4.16 The Future of the AD Drug Market
5. Multiple Sclerosis
- 5.1 Introduction
- 5.2 The Different Categories of MS
- 5.2.1 Benign MS
- 5.2.2 Relapse-remitting MS
- 5.2.3 Primary progressive MS
- 5.2.4 Secondary progressive
- 5.2.5 Progressive relapsing MS
- 5.3 Symptoms and Differential Diagnosis
- 5.3.1 Primary symptoms
- 5.3.2 Secondary symptoms
- 5.3.3 Tertiary symptoms
- 5.3.4 Diagnosis
- 5.4 The Risk factors of MS
- 5.4.1 Immunologic Factors
- 5.4.2 Environmental Effects May Influence MS Incidence
- 5.4.3 The Viral Induction of MS is Possible
- 5.4.4 The Genetic Influence of MS Exists
- 5.4.5 Hormones Presidspose Women in MS
- 5.5 Demographics of MS
- 5.6 Current Pharmaceutical Drug Therapies
- 5.7 Relapse-Remitting MS
- 5.7.1 Avonex (Interferon beta 1a) to reduce Severity of MS
- 5.7.2 Rebif (Interferon beta 1b)
- 5.7.3 Betaferon (Interferon beta 1b)
- 5.7.4 Copaxone (Glatiramer acetate)
- 5.8 Antineoplastic Drugs [Relapse-Remitting & Secondary progressive]
- 5.8.1 Cancer Drug, Novantrone (Mixonatrone) Benefits MS Sufferers
- 5.9 Taxanes
- 5.10 Immunosuppressants - Secondary Progressive and Worsening Relapse-Remitting MS
- 5.10.1 Imuran (Azathioprine)
- 5.10.2 Sandimmune (Cyclosporine)
- 5.10.3 Methotrexate and Leustat
- 5.11 Corticosteroids
- 5.12 Muscle Relaxants
- 5.13 Avonex Remains the Leading MS Drug
- 5.14 Pipeline drugs
- 5.14.1 Antegren (Natalizumab)
- 5.14.2 Leustat (Cladibrine)
- 5.15 Experimental Treatment for Multiple Sclerosis
- 5.15.1 Gene Therapy
- 5.15.2 Plasmapheresis (plasma exchange)
- 5.15.3 Intravenous Immunoglobin (IVIg)
- 5.15.4 Oligodendrocyte Implants
- 5.15.5 Statins
6. Huntingtons Disease
- 6.1 Introduction
- 6.2 Aetiology of HD
- 6.3 Symptoms and Differential Diagnosis of HD
- 6.3.1 Early Symptoms
- 6.3.2 Advanced Symptoms
- 6.4 Demographics of HD
- 6.5 Pathophysiology of HD
- 6.6 Current Pharmacological Treatment for HD
- 6.7 Chorea controlled by Benzodiazepines
- 6.8 Dopamine Antagonists can help HD patients
- 6.8.1 Cannabinoids to Ease Symptoms of HD
- 6.9 Monoamine-depleting agents
- 6.10 Prospects for Future Treatment
- 6.10.1 Cystamine to reduce symptoms
- 6.10.2 HDAC Inhibitors may serve as a potential cure for HD
- 6.10.3 The Case for Stem Cells
- 6.10.4 Working on Neurotrophic Factors for HD
- 6.10.5 Can Transglutaminase Inhibitors help in HD?
7. Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
- 7.1 Introduction
- 7.2 The Progression of ALS
- 7.3 Risk Factors
- 7.4 Diagnosis
- 7.5 The Demographic Impact of ALS
- 7.6 What are the Treatment Options of ALS?
- 7.6.1 Rilutek (riluzole)
- 7.6.2 The Pharmacological Treatment for Symptom Relief of ALS
- 7.6.3 Neurontin (Gabapentin)
- 7.6.4 Topamax (Topiramate)
- 7.7 Pipeline Drugs for ALS
- 7.7.1 Creatine Monohydrate
- 7.7.2 Xaliproden Hydrochloride
- 7.7.3 CEP 1347 (Cephalons mixed-lineage kinase inhibitor)
- 7.8 Can a Cure be Found?
- 7.8.1 Neurotrophic Factors
- 7.8.2 The Role of Apoptosis in ALS
- 7.8.3 Biological Markers for ALS
- 7.8.4 Gene Research
- 7.8.5 Minocycline
- 7.8.6 Cox-2 (Nimesulide)
8. Neuropathies
- 8.1 Introduction
- 8.2 Causes of Neuropathy
- 8.3 The Symptoms of Neuropathy
- 8.4 Who is at Risk?
- 8.5 Diagnosis of Neuropathy
- 8.6 The Classifications of Neuropathy
- 8.6.1 Diabetic Neuropathy
- 8.6.2 Auto-Immune Disease Related and its Relationship with Neuropathic Pain
- 8.6.3 Chemotherapy-Induced Neuropathy
- 8.6.4 Drug-Related Neuropathy
- 8.7 The Societal Impact of Neuropathy
- 8.8 The Cost of Neuropathic Pain
- 8.9 Current Treatment of Neuropathy
- 8.10 Non-pharmaceutical Treatments and Therapies
- 8.10.1 Transcutaneous electronic nerve stimulation (TENS)
- 8.10.2 Biofeedback
- 8.10.3 Acupuncture
- 8.10.4 Hypnosis
- 8.10.5 Relaxation Techniques
- 8.12 The Major Current Pharmaceutical Treatment for Neuropathy
- 8.12.1 Topical Agents
- 8.12.2 Pain relievers
- 8.12.3 Antidepressants
- 8.12.4 Anticonvulsants
- 8.12.5 Antiarrhythmics
- 8.12.6 Analgesics
- 8.13 Opioids maintaining relief for Neuropathy
- 8.13.1 Morphine
- 8.13.2 Fentanyl
- 8.13.3 Oxycodone
- 8.14 Other Drugs used in Neuropathies
- 8.14.1 Mexiletine
- 8.14.2 Methycobal
- 8.14.3 Tramadol
- 8.15 Current Developments: New Anticonvulsants
- 8.15.1 Topiramate
- 8.15.2 Lamotrigine
- 8.15.3 Levetiracetam
- 8.16 New Developments: Aldose Reductase Inhibitors
- 8.17 Growth factors
- 8.18 NMDA antagonists
9. Prion Diseases
- 9.1 Introduction
- 9.2 CJD
- 9.2.1 What is it?
- 9.2.2 The Aetiology of CJD
- 9.3 Varying Types of CJD
- 9.3.1 Sporadic or classical CJD
- 9.3.2 Hereditary or familial CJD
- 9.3.3 Acquired or iatrogenic aCJD
- 9.3.4 (Variant) vCJD
- 9.4 Demographics of CJD
- 9.5 Symptoms of CJD
- 9.5.1 Initial symptoms
- 9.5.2 Progressive symptoms
- 9.5.3 End-stage symptoms
- 9.6 Diagnosis of CJD
- 9.7 Treatments of CJD
- 9.8 The Political issues attached to CJD
- 9.9 Gerstmann-Straussler-Scheinker syndrome (GSS)
- 9.9.1 What is it?
- 9.9.2 Aetiology of GSS
- 9.9.3 Symptoms of GSS
- 9.9.4 Demographics of GSS
- 9.10 FFI
- 9.10.1 Whats is it?
- 9.10.2 Aetiology of FFI
- 9.10.3 Symptoms of FFI
- 9.10.4 Diagnosis of FFI
- 9.10.5 Demographics of FFI
- 9.10.6 Stages of FFI
- 9.10.7 Treatment of FFI
- 9.11 Kuru
- 9.11.1 What is it?
- 9.11.2 Symptoms of Kuru
- 9.11.3 Initial symptoms
- 9.11.4 Secondary symptoms
- 9.11.5 Demographics of Kuru
- 9.11.6 Treatment of Kuru
- 9.11.7 Future Research for Kuru
- 9.12 Alpers Syndrome
- 9.12.1 What is it?
- 9.12.2 Aetiology of Alpers
- 9.12.3 Symptoms of Alpers
- 9.12.4 Primary symptoms of Alpers
- 9.12.5 Secondary symptoms of Alpers
- 9.12.6 Treatment for Alpers Syndrome
- 9.12.7 Prognosis of Alpers syndrome
- 9.12.8 What research is being done?
10. Multiple Sclerosis Dominates the World Neurodegenerative Diseases Market
List of Charts, Tables, & Graphs
- Table 1.1 Overall Forecast for Neurodegenerative Market ($bn), 2002 - 2009
- Graph 1.1 Total revenues for Neurodegenerative diseases ($bn) 2002 - 2009
- Graph 1.2 Annual Growth Rate for ND Market 2002 - 2009
- Chart 1.1 The Market Share (%) for ND diseases 2003
- Chart 1.2 Market Share (%) for the ND, 2009
- Table 3.1 Demographic Facts of PD Worldwide
- Table 3.2 Current Pharmaceutical Therapies for PD, 2003
- Table 3.3 Global revenues ($bn) for PD Drugs 2002 - 2009
- Graph 3.1 Global revenues ($bn) for PD Drugs 2002 - 2009
- Table 3.4 PD Drug Market Share, 2003
- Chart 3.1 PD drug Market share, 2003
- Table 3.5 Leading PD Drug Treatments
- Table 3.6 Market Share for Da Agonists Vs Other Drugs
- Chart 3.2 Market share for Da Agonists Versus Other Drugs
- Chart 4.1 Percentage Share of People with AD Worldwide
- Table 4.1 Pharmaceutical Drug Treatment for AD
- Table 1.3 Market Share (%) of the Leading AD Drugs 2003, USA
- Chart 4.2 Market Share (%) of the Leading AD Drugs, Q3 2003, USA
- Table 4.4 World Revenues in AD Market 2002 - 2003
- Table 4.6 World Market Share in AD Drug Market, Q3, 2003
- Chart 4.4 World Market Share in AD Drug Market Q3, 2003
- Table 5.1 Breakdown of MS Symptoms
- Table 5.2 The Worldwide Demographics of MS
- Table 5.3 The Major Drug Treatments of MS, 2003
- Table 5.3 The Major Drug Treatments of MS
- Table 5.4 Market Share of MS Drugs 2002 - 2003
- Chart 5.2 Market share of MS Drugs
- Table 5.5 Forecast of MS Drug Market 2002 - 2009
- Graph 5.1 Forecast of MS Drug Market 2002 - 2009
- Table 5.4 Market share of MS drugs 2002 and 2003
- Chart 5.2 Market Share of Ms Drugs, 2003
- Table 5.5 Forecast of Multiple Sclerosis Market, 2002 - 2009
- Table 5.1 Forecast of Multiple Sclerosis Market 2002 - 2009
- Table 7.1 Current Drug Therpaies for ALS, 2003
- Table 8.1 The Annual Cost of Pain
- Table 8.2 Common Antidepressants used in treating Neuropathies
- Table 8.3 New Developments in Drugs for Neuropathic Pain
- Table 9.1 The Different Prion Diseases
- Table 9.2 Pharmacological Treatments for CJD
View Cart
