Parkinson's Disease Market analysis and forecasts, 2008-2012, 2017 & 2022

Table of Contents

Chapter 1 Executive Summary

Chapter 2 Introduction To Parkinson' s Disease (PD)

• 2.1 Parkinson' s Disease Overview
• 2.2 Pathophysiology Of PD
• 2.3 Types Of Age-Related Parkinson' s Disease
• 2.4 Parkinson' s Disease Rating Scale
• 2.5 Etiology of Parkinson' s Disease
• 2.6 What are the Risk Factors?
  • 2.6.1 Age
  • 2.6.2 A possible Genetic Basis To PD
  • 2.6.3 Men Are More Likely To Develop PD
  • 2.6.4 Pesticides And Herbicides Influence PD Development
  • 2.6.5 Reduced Oestrogen Levels Increase The Risk Of PD
  • 2.6.6 Reduced Folate Levels Associated With PD
  • 2.6.7 Anti-Oxidants
• 2.7 Initial Presentation Of PD
  • 2.7.1 Tremors
  • 2.7.2 Rigidity
  • 2.7.3 Akinesia
  • 2.7.4 Postural Instability
  • 2.7.5 Comobidities Of PD
    • 2.7.5.1 Sleep Disturbances In PD
    • 2.7.5.2 Dementia
    • 2.7.5.3 Depression
    • 2.7.5.4 Sexual Dysfunction
    • 2.7.5.5 Emotional Disturbances
    • 2.7.5.6 Weight Loss
    • 2.7.5.7 Shortness Of Breath
    • 2.7.5.8 Visual Impairment
    • 2.7.5.9 Potential Risk of Falling
    • 2.7.5.10 Other Autonomic Nervous System Disturbances
• 2.8 Symptoms Of PD
• 2.9 Diagnosis Of PD
  • 2.9.1 Proven Diagnostic Criteria For PD
    • 2.9.1.1 Neurological Evaluation Of PD
    • 2.9.1.2 Laboratory Evaluation Of PD
    • 2.9.1.3 Imaging Studies For PD
• 2.10 Prognosis Of PD- Hoenn And Yahr Scale
• 2.11 Demographics Of PD (Incidence And Prevalence)
• 2.12 Financial Burden Of PD

Chapter 3 Pharmacotherapy for PD

• 3.1 Current Pharmaceutical Therapies Of PD Available In The PD Market
• 3.2 Classes Of Drugs Available In The PD Market
• 3.3 Dopamine Precursors As The Standard Treatments For PD
  • 3.3.1 Side-Effects Of Levodopa
• 3.4 Dopamine Agonists As Treatments For PD
  • 3.4.1 Requip (Ropinirole)
  • 3.4.2 Sifrol/Mirapexin (Pramipexole) a Dopamine D2 Agonist Is The Leading PD Drug
  • 3.4.3 Parlodel (Bromocriptine)
  • 3.4.4 Dopergine (Lisuride) Is Superior To Parlodel
  • 3.4.5 Permax (Pergolide)
  • 3.4.6 Side-Effects Of Dopamine Agonist
• 3.5 Monoamine Oxidase B Inhibitors ((MAO-B)
  • 3.5.1 Deprenyl (Selegeline)
    • 3.5.1.1 Side Effects Of Selegeline
• 3.5.2 Rasagiline (Azilect)
• 3.6 COMT (Catechol-O-Methyl Transferase) Inhibitors
  • 3.6.1 Tasmar (Tolcapone) As An Adjunct Therapy
  • 3.6.2 Comtess (Entacapone) To Aid PD Treatment
• 3.7 Dopamine And COMT Combined
  • 3.7.1 Stalevo The Combination Therapy
• 3.8 Anticholinergics (Antimuscarinic drugs)
  • 3.8.1 Congentin (Benzatropine Mesilate)
  • 3.8.2 Artane (Trihexyphenidyl) To Control Common Symptoms
• 3.9 Antihistamines And Antidepressants Can Aid PD Symptoms?
• 3.10 Apomorphine as Additional Relief for PD Sufferers
• 3.11 N-Methyl-D-Asparate Receptor Antagonists (NMDA)
• 3.12 Antiviral Drugs -Symmetrel (Amantadine)
• 3.13 Alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid Receptor Antagonist
  • 3.13.1 Talampanel
• 3.14 Parkinson' s Patch Approved In Europe For All Stages Of Parkinson' s Disease
• 3.15 Novartis' Exelon Alzheimer' s Drug For PD
• 3.16 Surgical Therapy Is Not a Popular Treatment Of PD
  • 3.16.1 Thalamotomy Only Used To Reduce Tremors
  • 3.16.2 Pallidotomy Is Becoming More Popular As A Treatment For PD
• 3.17 Medtronic Activa Therapy Survey

Chapter 4 Parkinson' s Disease World Market Analysis

• 4.1 The World Market For PD Drugs Will Show Significant Growth To 2012
• 4.2 PD Sales Revenues
• 4.3 Sifrol /Mirapex (pramipexole) The Leading Dopamine Agonists for PD
• 4.4 Successful 50-month Study Positions Mirapex As First-Line Drug For PD In EU
• 4.5 Sifrol And Other Newer Products Reclaim Market Share From Anticholinergics And L-Dopa Generics
• 4.6 Sifrol Gradually Losing Market Share To GSK' s Requip
• 4.7 FDA Accepts GSK/SkyePharma Once-Daily Requip (Ropinirole HCl) XL 24-Hour Extended-Release Tablets
• 4.8 key Findings Supporting Success of Requip
• 4.9 Requip Experiences Continuous Sales Growth
• 4.10 Pfizer' s Cabaser/Dostinex (Cabergoline) Outperformed By Sifrol
• 4.11 Dopaminergic Market
  • 4.11.1 Sinemet (Co-Careldopa)
  • 4.11.2 Madopar (Co-benelopa)
  • 4.11.3 Carbidopa and Benserazide
  • 4.11.4 Monoamine Oxidase B Inhibitor-Azilect (Rasagiline)
• 4.12 The TEMPO Study-Rasagiline In Early PD
  • 4.12.1 The TEMPO Extended Study
  • 4.12.2 The PRESTO And LARGO Studies - Rasagiline In Moderate-To-Advanced PD
• 4.13 Azilect With Potential To See Significant Revenue Growth
• 4.14 Comtan (Entacapone) Leading COMT Inhibitors Captures Tasmar' s Market Share
• 4.15 Orions' Comtess
• 4.16 Stalevo Combination Therapy Drives Sales Growth

Chapter 5 Major Market Analysis

• 5.1 Major Markets Experience Year-on-Year Revenue Expansions
• 5.2 The US Is the Largest PD Market
• 5.3 Japan Experience Sales Decline In 2006
• 5.4 EU PD Profit Margins Exceed The US
• 5.5 Germany Leads The EU Markets
• 5.6 The UK Market Experienced The Smallest Revenue Growth In 2006
• 5.7 France PD Pharmaceutical Revenue Growth Expands
• 5.8 Rising Sales Growth In Italian PD Market
• 5.9 Spain Experiences Highest Growth in EU PD Market in 2006

Chapter 6 Experts' Views on Main Issues in the Treatment of PD

• 6.1 The Most Important Unmet Medical Needs In The Treatment of Parkinson' s Disease (PD)
• 6.2 Which Drugs Will Be Central Part Of Treatment For Between Now And 2020?
• 6.3 Do You Think That The Present Drugs Are Cost-effective?
• 6.4 Will Public And Private Healthcare In EU And Drugs For The Treatment Of PD?
• 6.5 What Is The Current Market Valuation For PD Drugs?
• 6.6 Do You Think Compounds That Can Deliver Neuroprotection Will Change The Dynamics Of The PD Market?
• 6.7 Are There Any Products In The Pipeline That Will Change The Market - Which Ones And Why Do You Think So?
• 6.8 How Quickly Will This Market Grow Once A Wider Range Of Drugs is Introduced?
• 6.9 Which Companies Do You Think Will Become Involved In This Market, And Make A Significant Impact?
• 6.10 Do You Think Through Gene Therapy Has A Place In The Treatment Of PD?
• 6.11 Concluding Thoughts

Chapter 7 Pipeline Developments In Parkinson' s Treatment

• 7.1 The Scope Of PD Pipeline
• 7.2 Emerging Therapies For Parkinson' s Disease Small Molecule Drugs
  • 7.2.1 ALS Drug, Rilutek (Riluzole), To Help PD Patients
  • 7.2.2 HD Treatment, Remacemide (Remacemide hydrochloride), For PD
• 7.3 Other New Drugs in Development
  • 7.3.1 Wyeth And Curis Hedgehog Signalling Pathway Research Potential For Neurodegenerative Diseases
  • 7.3.2 The Process Of Apoptosis In Parkinson' s Disease
  • 7.3.3 Pig Neuron Implantations As New Treatments For PD
  • 7.3.4 A Nerve Growth Promoter May Have a Role In PD Treatment
  • 7.3.5 The Implantation Of Dopamine Producing Cells As A Novel Therapy In PD
  • 7.3.6 GDNF Gene Therapy As A New Treatment Therapy
  • 7.3.7 Biogen Idec And Vernalis Phase II BIIB014 oral Compound
  • 7.3.8 Subcutaneous Drug Delivery System Underway For Treatment Of PD
  • 7.3.9 Neuroprotective Agent PD 02 Slows PD Progression In Phase II Trials
  • 7.3.10 Merck Serono And Newron' s Safinamide Effective In Early And Late-Stage Parkinson' s Disease
  • 7.3.11 Signalling Ret-Receptors Protect The Live Of Nerve Cells In The Aging Brain
  • 7.3.12 Kyowa Hakko Istradefylline (KW- 6002)
  • 7.3.13 Neurologix Completes Phase I GAD Gene Therapy Trial For Parkinson' s Disease.
  • 7.3.14 Ceregene In A Phase II Neurturin Gene Therapy Study
  • 7.3.15 Arundic Acid An Astrocyte Modulating Agent For PD
  • 7.3.16 Antioxidative Properties Of Vitamin E, C And Health Food
  • 7.3.17 Coenzyme Q10 as a potential antioxidant
  • 7.3.18 Alseres Pharmaceuticals Altropane PD Diagnostic Tool For PD

Chapter 8 Global AD Pharmaceutical & Healthcare Industry SWOT Analysis

• 8.1 SWOT Analysis Of The Parkinson' s Disease Market
• 8.2 Unmet Medical Needs For PD
• 8.3 Patient Potential To Drive Anti-PD Market
• 8.4 Major Restraints Of The PD Market
• 8.5 Patient Focus Or Drug Focus?
• 8.6 Patients To Bear Cost Of Increasing Regulatory Requirements
• 8.7 More Focus On Patients During Clinical Studies
• 8.8 Generic Competition
• 8.9 Technology Transfer in PD
• 8.10 Leading Drugs Still Carry Motor Complications
• 8.11 Teva And Lundbeck' s Azilect To Lead The Way In Future Therapy
• 8.12 Biomarker and Pharmacogenetics
• 8.13 Potential Application Of Biomarkers And Pharmacogenetic (Pharmacogenomics)
• 8.14 High Return-On-Investment In PD Market
• 8.15 Cost-effective Analysis Will Be A Potential Threat For Reimbursement
  • 8.15.1 Controversy Over NICE' s Decisions
  • 8.15.2 Will CEA Be Disincentive To R&D?
• 8.16 Reformulation Of Drugs To Drive Revenue Growth
• 8.17 Schwarz Pharma PD Transdermal Patch To Reduce Polypharmacy
• 8.18 Impact Of Parkinson' s Disease Will Continue To Stretch Healthcare Budget Until when Pharmacological Agents Are Able To Address Unmet Needs
• 8.19 Pallidotomy Is Becoming More Popular As A Treatment For PD
• 8.20 Change Of Patients And Physician Attitude Will Be Essential For Growth Of PD Market

Chapter 9 Conclusion

• 9.1 Global Market Will Experience Sustained Revenues Markets Set To Experience Rise In Revenue Growth
  • 9.2.1 The US PD Revenue Growth Champions Other Markets
  • 9.2.2 Japan To Experience Slow Revenue Growth
  • 9.2.3 EU PD Profit Margins Exceed US
  • 9.2.4 Germany Leads The EU PD Markets
  • 9.2.5 The UK Market Experienced The Smallest PD Revenue Growth in 2006
  • 9.2.6 France PD Pharmaceutical Revenue Growth Expands
  • 9.2.7 Rising Sales Growth In Italian PD Market
  • 9.2.8 Spain Experiences Highest Growth In EU PD Market
• 9.3 Rising Patient Potential and Improved Therapeutics Will Drive PD Global Revenue Growth
• 9.4 Promising R&D Pipeline

List of Tables

• Table 1.1 PD Global and Regional Revenue Forecast ($m) 2007-2012,2017 & 2022
• Table 1.2 Patent Expiration on Leading anti-Parkinson' s Drugs
• Table 1.3 Prevalence of Parkinson' s Disease Accross The Seven Major Markets (2006)
• Table 2.1 Factor that may influence Parkinson' s Disease
• Table 2.2 Prognosis of PD by Hoehn and Yahr scale
• Table 4.1 Global PD Market Forecast ($m),2007-2012,2017 & 2022
• Table 4.2 The Global Parkinson' s disease Market,2004-2006
• Table 4.3 Sifrol Global Sale Forecast ($m),2007,2017 & 2022
• Table 4.4 Requip Global Sale Forecast ($m),2007,2017 & 2022
• Table 4.5 Cabaser Global Sale Forecast ($m),2007,2017 & 2022
• Table 4.6 Sinemet Global Sale Forecast ($m),2007,2017 & 2022
• Table 4.7 Madopar Global Sale Forecast ($m),2007,2017 & 2022
• Table 4.8 Azilect Global Sale Forecast ($m),2007,2017 & 2022
• Table 4.9 Comtan Global Sale Forecast ($m),2007,2017 & 2022
• Table 4.10 Stalevo Global Sale Forecast ($m),2007,2017 & 2022
• Table 5.1 Sales ($m) of Leading PD drugs in the US Market,2004-2006
• Table 5.2 US PD Sales Forecast ($m),2007,2017 & 2022
• Table 5.3 Sales ($m) of Leading PD drugs in the Japanese Market,2004-2006
• Table 5.4 Japan PD Sales Forecast ($m),2007,2017 & 2022
• Table 5.5 Regional Annual PD Revenues ($m),2005-2006
• Table 5.6 Regional PD Revenues ($m),2005-2006
• Table 5.7 Sales ($m) of Leading PD drugs in the Japanese Market,2004-2006
• Table 5.8 Germany PD Sales Forecast ($m),2007,2017 & 2022
• Table 5.9 Sales ($m) of Leading PD drugs in the UK Market,2004-2006
• Table 5.10 UK PD Sales Forecast ($m),2007,2017 & 2022
• Table 5.11 Sales ($m) of Leading PD Drugs in France,2005-2006
• Table 5.12 France PD Sales Forecast ($m),2007,2017 & 2022
• Table 5.13 Sales ($m) of Leading PD Drugs in Italy,2005-2006
• Table 5.14 Italy PD Sales Forecast ($m),2007,2017 & 2022
• Table 5.15 Sales ($m) of Leading PD Drugs in Italy,2005-2006
• Table 5.16 Spain PD Sales Forecast ($m),2007,2017 & 2022
• Table 7.1 Parkinson' s disease Pipeline,2006
• Table 8.1 SWOT Analysis of the Parkinson' s disease Market
• Table 8.2 Economic Evaluation in EU Major Markets, 2006
• Table 8.3 Economic Evaluation in EU Major Markets 2006

List of Charts

• Chart 1.1 PD Global Revenue Forecast ($m) 2007-2012,2017 & 2022
• Chart 1.2 PD Regional Revenue Forecast ($m) 2007-2012,2017 & 2022
• Chart 1.3 Deomographics of Parkinson' s Disease Across Major Markets,2006
• Chart 4.1 The Global Parkinson' s disease Market,2004-2006
• Chart 4.2 The Global Parkinson' s disease Drugs Market Share, 2006
• Chart 4.3 Sifrol Global Sales ($m) 2003-2006
• Chart 4.4 Sifrol Global Sale Forecast ($m),2007,2017 & 2022
• Chart 4.5 Requip Global Sales ($m) 2003-2006
• Chart 4.6 Requip Global Sale Forecast ($m),2007,2017 & 2022
• Chart 4.7 Cabaser Global Sales ($m) 2003-2006
• Chart 4.8 Cabaser Global Sale Forecast ($m),2007,2017 & 2022
• Chart 4.9 Sinemet Global Sales ($m),2003-2006
• Chart 4.10 Sinemet Global Sale Forecast ($m),2007,2017 & 2022
• Chart 4.11 Madopar Global Sales ($m), 2003-2006
• Chart 4.12 Madopar Global Sale Forecast ($m),2007,2017 & 2022
• Chart. 4.13 Azilect Global Sale Forecast ($m),2007,2017 & 2022
• Chart 4.14 Comtan Global Sales ($m),2003-2006
• Chart 4.15 Comtan Global Sale Forecast ($m),2007,2017 & 2022
• Chart 4.16 Comtess Global Sales ($m),2003-2006
• Chart 4.17 Stalevo Global Sales ($m),2003-2006
• Chart 4.18 Stalevo Global Sale Forecast ($m),2007,2017 & 2022
• Chart 4.19 Global PD Market Forecast ($m),2007-2012,2017 & 2022
• Chart 5.1 Market Share of Leading PD drugs in the US Market,2004-2006
• Chart 5.2 US PD Sales Forecast ($m),2007,2017 & 2022
• Chart 5.3 Market Share of Leading PD drugs in Japan,2006
• Chart 5.4 Japan PD Sales Forecast ($m),2007,2017 & 2022
• Chart 5.5 Market Share of PD Revenues ($m), 2006
• Chart 5.6 Market Share of Major EU PD markets
• Chart 5.7 Market Share of Leading PD drugs in Germany,2006
• Chart 5.8 Germany PD Sales Forecast ($m),2007,2017 & 2022
• Chart 5.9 Market Share of leading PD drugs in the UK,2006
• Chart 5.10 UK PD Sales Forecast ($m),2007,2017 & 2022
• Chart 5.11 Market Share of PD Drugs in France 2006
• Chart 5.12 France PD Sales Forecast ($m),2007,2017 & 2022
• Chart 5.13 Market Share of PD Drugs in Italy 2006
• Chart 5.14 Italy PD Sales Forecast ($m),2007,2017 & 2022
• Chart 5.15 Market Share of PD Drugs in Spain, 2006
• Chart 5.16 Spain, PD Sales Forecast ($m),2007,2017 & 2022
• Chart 8.1 Unmet need at Early Stages of Parkinson' s disease
• Chart 8.2 Unmet need at Late Stages of Parkinson' s disease
• Chart 8.3 Spectrum of Present Unmet needs in PD management
• Chart 8.4 Significant Factors to Driveb Revenue Growth of PD Market
• Chart 8.5 Restraining factors to Potential Revenue growth of PD Market

Companies and Organisations

• Abbott
• Aeolus
• Alliance
• Alseres
• Amarin
• Amgen
• Antipodean
• AstraZeneca
• Avicena
• Avigen
• Bar
• BarIlan University
• Biogen Idec
• Biomas
• Boehringer Ingelheim
• BristolMyersSquib
• Britannia
• Cell Genesys
• Ceregene
• Dainippon Sumitomo
• Diamyd Medical
• Eisai
• Elan
• Eli Lily
• Faust Pharmaceutical
• Forest
• Fujomo
• Genzyme
• Georgetown University
• Guilford
• Juvantia
• Kyowa Hakko
• Lederle
• Lunbeck
• Max Planck Institute of Neurobiology
• Medtronic
• Meiji Seika
• Merck KGaA
• Merck Serono
• Mertz
• Merz
• Mylan
• National Patent Development
• Neuren
• Neurobiotics
• NeuroCell
• Neurologix
• Newron
• Novartis
• ONO
• Orion
• Pfizer
• Pharmaplaz
• Phytrix
• Prestwick
• Roche
• Samaritan
• Sanofi-Aventis
• Santhera
• Schering-Plough
• Schwarz Pharma
• Scientific Testing
• Siegfried
• SkyePharma
• Solvay
• Syngis
• The National Institute of Neurological Disorder and Stokes (NINDS
• The New England Journal of Medicine
• Valeant
• Vernalis
• Wyeth