Micro Power Sources: Opportunities from Fuel Cells and Batteries for Mobile Applications

Table of Contents:

Executive Summary

E.1 Key Findings

E.2 Micro Power Sources Market

E.3 Companies in the Micro Power Sources Market

E.4 Strategies in the Micro Power Sources Market

E.5 Micro Power Sources Market Forecasts

Chapter One Introduction

1.1 Background to this Report

1.2 Scope and Plan of this Report

1.3 Methodology of this Report

Chapter Two Power Challenges for Mobile Computing, Mobile Communications, Portable Consumer Electronics, Military Applications and Robotics

2.1 Customer Requirements for Mobile Computing and Communications and Portable Consumer Electronics

2.2 Impact of New Display Technology

2.3 Impact of Faster Processors

2.4 Impact of Larger Feature Sets and Convergence of Mobile Communications and Computing

2.5 Impact of "Always-On" Pervasive Computing Model and Sensor Networks

2.6 Power Demands of Mobile Soldiers

2.7 Powering Demands of Implantable Medical Devices

2.8 Powering Demands of Mobile Robots

Chapter Three Battery Technology

3.1 Current Limits to Battery Technology for Mobile Devices and Related Areas

3.2 Details of Battery Technologies

3.2.1 Lithium Batteries

3.2.1.1 Lithium-polymer

3.2.2 Metal Hydride Batteries

3.2.3 Aluminum-based Batteries

3.3 Emerging Nano- and Micro-engineered Battery Technologies

3.4 Characteristics of Future Batteries

3.5 Scenarios for Use of Next Generation Batteries in the Mobile/Pervasive Computing Environment

3.6 New Mobile Products Enabled

3.7 Analysis of Opportunities for Materials and Components

3.8 Impediments to Market Development

3.9 Key Companies and Strategies

3.9.1 Overview of Strategies in the Mobile Battery Market

3.9.2 Profiles and Strategies of Key Companies

3.9.2.1 Front Edge Technologies

3.9.2.2 NanoEner

3.9.2.3 Rayovac

3.9.2.4 Gillette (Duracell)

3.9.2.5 Sion Power (Moltech)

3.9.2.6 Energizer

3.9.2.7 mPhase

3.9.2.8 Sony

3.9.2.9 Matsushita Battery Industrial Company/Panasonic

3.9.2.10 Sanyo

3.9.2.11 Ultralife

Chapter Four Miniature Fuel Cells

4.1 Hybrid and Pure Fuel Cell Solutions

4.2 Current Products and Markets for Miniature Fuel Cells

4.2.1 Direct Methanol Fuel Cell (DMFC)

4.2.2 Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell (PEFC)

4.2.3 Direct Non-Methanol Fuel Cell (DNMFC)

4.2.4 Solid Oxide Fuel Cell (SOFC)

4.3 Technologies Enabling Further Miniaturization

4.3.1 Current Impact of MEMS

4.3.2 Impact of Nano- and Micro-technology on Miniature Fuel Cell Technology

4.3.3 Characteristics of Future Miniature Fuel Cells

4.4 Scenarios for use of Miniature Fuel Cells in the Pervasive Computing Environment

4.5 New Mobile Products Enabled

4.6 Analysis of Opportunities for Materials, Components, and Fuel Supplies

4.7 Impediments to Market Development

4.8 Key Companies and Strategies

4.8.1 Overview of Strategies in the Miniature Fuel Cell Market

4.8.2 Profiles and Strategies of Key Companies

4.8.2.1 Mechanical Technology Inc. (MTI)

4.8.2.2 Millennium Fuel Cell/Protonex

4.8.2.3 PolyFuel

4.8.2.4 Jadoo Power Systems

4.8.2.5 Adaptive Materials Inc. (AMI)

4.8.2.6 Mesoscopic Devices

4.8.2.7 Angstrom Power

4.8.2.8 Neah Powers Systems

4.8.2.9 Smart Fuel Cell

4.8.2.10 Toshiba

4.8.2.11 NEC

4.8.2.12 Hitachi

4.8.2.13 Casio Computer

4.8.2.14 Samsung Electronics

4.8.2.15 Motorola

4.8.2.16 Direct Methanol Fuel Cell Corp (DMFCC)

4.8.2.17 Medis Technologies

4.8.2.18 Nanodynamics

4.8.2.19 3M

Chapter Five Eight Year Forecasts of Portable Power Markets

5.1 Forecasting Methodology

5.2 Eight-Year Forecasts

About the Author

List of Exhibits

• Exhibit E-1 Key Markets for Portable Power
• Exhibit E-2 Selected Innovative Companies in the Micro Power Source Market
• Exhibit E-3 Strategies in the Micro Power Source Market
• Exhibit E-4 Total Portable Power Market ($ Millions)
• Exhibit 2-1 Micro Fuel Cell Targets
• Exhibit 2-2 Functional Energy Requirements of 4G Mobile Phones
• Exhibit 2-3 Power Needs of Selected Portable Devices
• Exhibit 2-4 Display and front-light power of the Compaq iPAQ H36xx.
• Exhibit 2-5 Platforms Requiring Power Support
• Exhibit 2-6 Energy Goals for Missions
• Exhibit 2-7 Weight comparison of batteries and fuel cells for a 250W power source
• Exhibit 3-1 Summary of Battery Performance
• Exhibit 3-2 Theoretical density comparisons between battery models
• Exhibit 4-1 Summary of Fuel Cell Designs
• Exhibit 4-2 Properties of Micro Fuel Cells
• Exhibit 4-3 Calculated Fuel-Only Energy Density of NaBH4 versus Methanol
• Exhibit 4-4 Surface Area to Volume ratio of a cube at different scales
• Exhibit 4-5 MTI Government Contracts ($Thousands
• Exhibit 4-6 Fuel Cell Opportunity for Millenium/Protonex
• Exhibit 4-7 Mass breakout of Mesoscopic?fs 75 W System
• Exhibit 4-8 Comparison of Neah Fuel Cells to Typical DMFCs
• Exhibit 5-1 Summary of Power Sources for Portable Applications ($ Millions)
• Exhibit 5-2 Batteries by Type and Application
• Exhibit 5-3 Batteries by Type and Application ($ Millions)
• Exhibit 5-4 Micro Fuel Cells by Type and Application ($ Millions)
• Exhibit 5-5 Micro Fuel Cells by Type and Functionality ($ Millions) Acronyms and Abbreviations Used in this Report