Photonic Materials

Global Opportunities & Markets in Optical Ceramics, Polymers, Composites, Semiconductors & Nanomaterials

The photonics industry is growing rapidly, spurred by the need for miniaturization and increased bandwidth in telecommunications. Various scientific disciplines are engaged in improving the propagation, transmission, reception, and manipulation of photons, hoping to tap into their superior information-carrying ability. This 196-page report covers current research in advanced photonic materials-ceramics, polymers, composites, and others-that promise to play a role in optical components, fiber optics, imaging, analytical instrumentation, electro-optics, and lasers.

Table of Contents

Executive Summary

Organization of This Report

1. Introduction

Market Size and Growth

2. The Growth of Photonics

Market Trends
Telecommunications
Optical
Manufacturing
Military
Medicine
Environment
Laser-Specific Technology

3. Advantages and Disadvantages of Photonics

The Role of Materials

4. Photonic Bandgap Materials

Photonic Bandgap Technologies

Colloidal Suspension
Colloidal Epitaxy
Self-Assembled Polymer-Based Photonic Crystals
The Use of Oil-in-Formamide Emulsions
Lithography and Etching
Aerosol-Assisted Assembly
Laser Rapid Prototyping

Photonic Bandgap Materials

Synthetic Opels
Silicon
Silica
3D Composites, Macroporous and Mesoporous Materials

Photonic Bandgap Applications

Two-Photon Lasers
The Importance of Omnidirectional Reflectors

Contacts
Patents for Photonic Bandgap Materials

5. Ceramic Materials

Types of Ceramics
Applications and Markets for Ceramic Materials in Photonics
Ceramic Technologies and Processing

Epitaxial Processes

Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD)
Molecular Beam Epitaxy (MBE)
Metal Organic Chemical Vapor Deposition (MOCVD)

Gelcasting
Plasma Processing
Rapid Prototyping
Sol-Gel Processes for Optical Ceramics
Thin-Film Production Techniques

Self-Assembly of Thin Films
Pulsed Laser Deposition (PLD)
Spin-on Low-k Dielectric Materials

Contacts
Ceramic Materials

Piezoelectric Ceramics
Suppliers
Rare-Earth-Doped Materials

Erbium
Praseodymium
Yttrium
Ytterbium
Rare-Earth-Doped Barium and Titanium Films
Other Dopants
Chromium-Doped Crystals for Tunable Lasers
Suppliers

Ferroelectric Materials

Lithium Niobate
Strontium Barium Niobate
Barium Titanate

Glasses

ZBLAN
Phosphate Glass
Silica Glass
Organic-Modified Sol-Gel Glasses

Vanadium Oxide Film Coatings
Silicon Nitride-Based Ceramics
Zirconium
Alkoxides

Contacts
Patents

6. Photonic Polymers

Applications and Markets
Polymer Processing Technologies

Deep Etch Lithography, Electroforming, and Injection Molding (LIGA)
Preceramic Processing
Lamination
Inkjet Printer
Pinpoint Polymerization

Materials

Organosilicon Polymers
Conjugated Polymers

PPV: poly(p-phenylenevinylene)
fac tris(2-phenylpyridine) iridium (Ir[ppy]3)
Europium Complexes
Light Emitting Diodes

Suppliers
Contacts

Conductive Polymers
Polycarbonates
Chiral Plastics
Bis(diphenylamino)diphenylpolyenes
Polymer Waveguides
Polyimides
Polystyrene
Polymer Optic Fibers
Dendrimers

Dendrimer Synthesis
Conventional Synthesis
Convergent Synthesis
Advances in Dendrimers

Technologies to Watch

Parylene Deposition
Liquid Crystal Polymers

Liquid Crystal Polymer Applications and Markets
Liquid Crystal Technologies

Contacts
Patents for Photonic Polymers

7. Composite Materials

Markets for Composites
Composite Materials and Processes

Boron Nitride
Aerogel Nanocomposites
Ferromagnetic Composites

FerromagneV

Contacts
Patents

8. Silicon

The Advent of LSi Materials
Porous Silicon
Market

Flat-Panel Displays
Sensors

Chemical Sensors
Potential Biosensors
Ultraviolet Sensors
Hydrocarbon Sensors
Biosensors

Light-emitting Diodes
Solar Cells
Optical Beam Steering
Compound Semiconductors

Technologies

Spark-processed Silicon
Anodic Etching and Immersion Scanning
Patterning Crystal Defects
Ion Implantation
Anodizing Si-based Alloys
Cofabrication
Laser-Assisted Molecular Beam Deposition
Silicon Oxynitride
Porous Silicon Technologies

Use of Dopants
Erbium-Doped Porous Silicon

Contacts
Patents

9. Wide Bandgap Materials

Market
Light-Emitting Diodes (LEDs)
Markets for Lasers
Markets for LEDs

Optical Data Storage
Traffic Lights
As Medical Probes

Materials

Alternatives to Silicon: Silicon Germanium and Gallium Arsenide
Gallium Nitride
Silicon Carbide
Indium Antimonide

Technology

Recycling Waste
Radiant Energy Chemical Vapor Deposition
Laser Interferometric Lithography
High Aspect Ratio Dry Etching
Blue Laser Breakthroughs
Blue and Green LEDs
Organic Lasers
Multiwavelength Lasers
Quantum Well Lasers
Extreme Laser Technology
Vertical Cavity Surface Emitting Lasers (VCSELs)
Aluminum-free Lasers or InGaP lasers
Diamond

Safer Compound Semiconductor Processing
Contacts
Patents

10. Nonlinear Optical Materials

Markets
Materials

Lasers Spark NLO Development
Lithium Niobate (LiNbO3)
Classes of NLO Materials

Contacts

11. Nanotechnology

Technologies

Continuous Atom Laser Beam
Ultra-Fast Laser Ablation
Photonic Resonators
Nanocomposites
Microcavities (Photonic Dots)
Silicon Nanocluster Luminescence
Aligned Carbon Nanotubes for Electron Field Emitters
Nanoscale Glue
Quantum Wells
Fast Quantum Well Laser

Contacts
Patents

12. Resources

Technology Transfer

University of Rochester
Georgia Institute of Technology: Center for Optical Science and Engineering
Georgia Institute of Technology: Phosphors Center of Excellence
Georgia Institute of Technology: Nanometer-Scale Etching
Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University: Fiber and Electro-Optics Research Center
Nanophase Technologies Corp.
National Center for Integrated Photonic Technology (NCIPT)
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
Batelle Pacific Northwest Laboratory: Applied Physics Center

General Materials Resources
Publications

Tables

1. Worldwide Market for Optoelectronic Components
2.Geographic Share of World Optoelectronics Market
3. Types of Ceramics
4. Global Structural Ceramic Markets
5. US Demand for High-Temperature Plastics
6. Typical LCP Properties
7. Worldwide Market for Flat Panel Displays
8. Worldwide Market for Optical Disk Media
9. US Aircraft, Aerospace, and Defense Composites Use
10.Worldwide Low-Pressure Diamond Markets
11. Wafer Fabrication Materials, Market Forecast Worldwide
12. World Market for Nanomaterials